Moravian and Silesian nationalities: A new phenomenon in the ethnic map of the Czech Lands?

In the 1991 population census, 1.4 million inhabitants of the Czech Republic applied for Moravian or Silesian nationality, which did not exist before.They expressed their consciousness of territorial appurtenance to the historical provinces of Moravia and Silesia and by this declaration they set it above the appurtenance to the Czech nation. New social cleavage thus developed in ethnically almost homogeneous environment of the Czech Republic, which constitutes a potential threat of the further splitting of the State. Trying to find the causes of such a phenomenon, the author deals with the territorial differentiation of these inhabitants and factors which influenced it. The close interconnection with political demands is stressed. The insensive centralizing measures of the communist regime are considered as the direct impulses of the present development. The phenomenon is understood as a specific manifestation of the posttotalitarian social crisis in Central and Eastern Europe.     

若干特殊地表风蚀的风洞实验研究

经风洞模拟实验,本文对四种特殊地表在净风和挟沙风情况下的风蚀特性,进行了定量的研究。揭示了原始地表结构受人为破坏后,其抗风蚀能力急剧降低的特点。探讨了风成沙粒配、戈壁风蚀平衡与风蚀有关的几个问题。     

遥感影像信息在澳门、磨刀门海域工程建设中的应用及其效益

本文介绍了计算机处理和光学处理相结合的信息提取方法并得到显著效益。根据澳门海域和磨刀门海域工程建设中的实际需要,成功地运用遥感影像信息为澳门海域工程物理模型试验提供了模型水流流态与原型水流流态相似性的验证,为磨刀门海域围垦工程提供了水下潜坝的动态影像信息,并取得了较好的社会效益和经济效益。     

碳棒涂膜式PVC膜铯离子选择电极的研制和应用

本文作者研制成功以四苯硼铯为活性物质的碳棒涂膜式PVC膜铯离子选择性电极。电极最佳膜组成:四苯硼铯5mg,邻苯二甲酸二丁酯0.4ml,硝基苯0.2ml,PVC粉0.2g。电极性能优良,制作简单,操作方便。结合大粒度磷钼酸铵和结晶形锑酸分离K~+,Na~+,巳将此电极用于卤水样中铯的测定,结果令人满意。     

A scientifically based nationwide assessment of groundwater quality in the United States

Beginning in 1986, the U.S. Geological Survey began an effort to develop a National Water-Quality Assessment Program. The basic premise underlying this initiative is that a better understanding of the quality of water resources across the country, both surface- and groundwater, is needed to develop effective programs and policies to meet the nation's water-quality concerns. The program will focus on water-quality conditions that are prevalent or large in scale, such as occur from nonpoint sources of pollution or from a high density of point sources.The design of the program is substantially different from the traditional approach of a diffuse national monitoring network.The major activities of the assessment program will be clustered within a set of hydrologic systems (river basins and aquifer systems), referred to as study units. In aggregate, the study units will account for a large part of the nation's water use and represent a wide range of settings across the country.Unique attributes of the program include: (1) the use of consistent study approaches, field and laboratory methods, water-quality measurements, and ancillary data measurements for all study units; (2) the development of a progressive understanding of water-quality conditions and trends in each study unit through long-term studies that rotate periods of intensive data collection and analysis with periods during which the assessment activities are less intensive; and (3) the focus of considerable effort on synthesizing results from among the study units to provide information on regional and national water-quality issues.Paper presented at 28th International Geological Congress, Washington, D.C., July 10, 1989.     

Raman scattering study of the high-temperature vibrational properties and stability of CaGeO3 perovskite

The vibrational properties of metastable Ca-GeO₃ perovskite are investigated as a function of temperature using Raman scattering. Mode-assignments are derived from polarized spectra of optically oriented single crystals. Neither symmetry-breaking structural transformations nor soft-mode behavior is revealed in the Raman spectra between room temperature and 650° C. Only a small decrease in the local static octahedral tilt angles can be inferred from the Raman data over this temperature range. A Landau extrapolation of the lowest frequency A_g modes suggests that these modes become critical near 2000° C, a temperature that is above the extrapolated zero pressure melting point.