Discrimination of sedimentary facies by association analysis

The ability of association analysis to discriminate sedimentary facies was tested on Purdy's modal analyses of modern sediments of the Great Bahama Bank. Purdy's data set has served in the past as a standard reference for evaluating various multivariate classification algorithms. In order to adapt Purdy's data to association analysis, the percent abundance of the 12 constituents was converted to binary form by dichotomizing each variable on its mean value. The results obtained by association analysis are virtually identical to those obtained by Purdy and other authors. The same four main sedimentary facies were discriminated; 86% of the samples were identically classified (97% when misclassified borderline cases are counted as matches); the total partition variance of the classification is only negligibly greater (4%); and the grouping of the variables yielded the same four groups. The rank order of the three division-attributes responsible for the sample classification is fines, oolites, and corals. Association analysis has been employed by other authors to differentiate meaningful facies groups in studies of ancient reef carbonates, modern reef sediments, and heavy minerals in stream sediments. In all these studies, the results were found to be compatible with those obtained by using the continuous quantitative measurements, indicating that qualitative binary data may often be sufficient for the purpose of facies discrimination in many branches of geology and that association analysis is an effective method for this purpose.     

东北冷涡引发的局地暴雨数值模拟研究

利用CDAS-NCEP/NCAR 再分析资料,应用Penn State/NCAR的高分辨率中尺度模式MM5V3-7,成功模拟出2005年7月9—12日东北冷涡诱发的一次连续雷雨过程,重点分析了7月9日造成沈阳及周边地区的一次局地暴雨过程,并对其中的一个连续发展的中β尺度对流系统的演变、中尺度结构特点进行了研究。结果表明：冷涡总是以水平旋转的中高层的干冷空气堆作为其结构特点。在冷涡的东南侧高空干冷堆的边缘区域,轨迹呈直立状,从行星边界层向上穿越整个对流层,显示出该地区存在强对流。干冷堆的边缘区域下方的低层暖湿输送是冷涡局地强对流发展的关键。局地对流发展时,出现干冷堆的边缘区域的S_e上下层接近或者打通现象。     

Gyldén Model: The Slowly Changing Equivalent Gravitational Parameter

In the Gyldén problem, the case of slowly changing equivalent gravitational parameter (e.g.p.) is studied. Assuming the following law for the variation of the e.g.p.: μ (t) = μ₀+ εμ (εt), ε< μ₀, we obtained a) a O(ε⁴ T⁴)-approximation of the solution, on a shortened time scale (0,T), with T of order o(ε^-1),for the general case (i.e. the support function μ is O(1)-valued and admits an expansion in power series of its argument), and b) a O(ε²)-approximation of the solution, on a natural timescale of order O(1/ε), for the case of a bounded variation rate (i.e. the support function μ and its derivative are both O(1)-valued). For the study of the first problem we introduced a type of Lissajous variables and used the Lie-Hori normalization scheme; for the second problem we used the Delaunay variables and applied the von Zeipel method for approximate integration. The physical interpretation of the results is in both cases the same: within the corresponding limits of approximation, the variation of e.g.p. (i) has no effect on the size of the osculating ellipse, (ii) it sets the pericenter in slow rotation and (iii) it introduces a secular variation in the longitudes. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

长三角地区港口腹地范围演化及其影响机制

本文尝试将海港和内河港的腹地范围演化纳入统一的研究框架。运用场强模型划分2001年、2008年和2016年长三角主要海港和内河港口的直接腹地范围,分析其演化特征,总结演化最显著的两大龙头港口——上海港和宁波港的腹地演化影响机制。结果表明：① 港口场强分布特征是以三大海港为龙头形成三大高场强集聚区。② 港口直接腹地演化最明显的特征是宁波港扩张的腹地范围基本来自上海港收缩的腹地范围。③ 上海港的直接腹地范围不断被宁波港袭夺是因为上海港通过市场主导和行政协调的机制,扩展了沿着长江布局的内河港口群水水中转的间接腹地,而非直接陆地腹地;相反,宁波港主要依靠行政机制和逐渐强化的市场力量,使直接陆地腹地范围逐渐延展到浙江全省。     

大气颗粒物遥感研究进展

大气污染已成为全球性的环境污染问题之一,PM2.5和PM10已成为当前大气遥感研究的热点,以京沪穗为代表的特大城市更成为相关研究的重要焦点。通过对国内外相关文献的分析,以广州为例描述了地面站点监测的现状和不足,指出PM2.5遥感的关键问题为区域尺度气溶胶光学厚度垂直订正和区域尺度近地面消光系数湿度效应校正研究;通过空气质量模式系统进行相关研究,是包括PM2.5在内的大气颗粒物遥感的重要途径之一。     

内湾沉积物生物硅化学测定法的实验条件探讨

对国内外已经建立的几种生物硅的测定方法进行简要的评述,并详细地对内湾沉积物中生物硅化学提取法的条件选取进行实验探讨,对低生物硅含量的内湾沉积物测定提出了较优的条件。     

Particle transport and distribution on the Mars Science Laboratory mission: Effects of triboelectric charging

We report on the nature of fine particle (<150 μm) transport under simulated martian conditions, in order to better understand the Mars Science Laboratory’s (MSL) sample acquisition, processing and handling subsystem (SA/SPaH). We find that triboelectric charging due to particle movement may have to be controlled in order for successful transport of fines that are created within the drill, processed through the Collection and Handling for In situ Martian Rock Analysis (CHIMRA) sample handing system, and delivered to the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) and Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) instruments. These fines will be transferred from the surface material to the portioner, a 3 mm diameter, 8 mm deep distribution center where they will drop ∼2 cm to the instrument inlet funnels. In our experiments, movement of different material including terrestrial analogs and martian soil simulants (Mars Mojave Simulant - MMS) resulted in 1-7 nanocoulombs of charge to build up for several different experimental configurations. When this charging phenomenon occurs, several different results are observed including particle clumping, adherence of material on conductive surfaces, or electrostatic repulsion, which causes like-charged particles to move away from each other. This electrostatic repulsion can sort samples based upon differing size fractions, while adhesion causes particles of different sizes to bind into clods. Identifying these electrostatic effects can help us understand potential bias in the analytical instruments and to define the best operational protocols to collect samples on the surface of Mars.     

环境损害鉴定评估的土壤基线确定方法

近年来,国内环境污染事故频繁发生,由此引发的环境损害问题日益严重。环境损害鉴定评估是中国推行的一项应对环境污染损害的重要环保举措,而基线则是确定损害的关键。基线确定作为损害评估与修复的重要组成部分,是科学评估的关键技术环节和重要前提,也是中国开展环境损害鉴定评估亟待解决的问题。总结国际上常用的4种基线确定方法：即历史数据法、参考点位法、环境标准法和模型推算法的优缺点及应用情况,探讨不同基线确定方法的具体工作步骤,并结合中国土壤环境研究工作积累与进展,提出中国土壤基线确定基本原则和推荐“4步法”工作程序,对中国开展土壤环境损害鉴定评估工作具有重要的理论意义和科学指导作用。     

Infinitesimal orbits around lagrange points in the elliptic,restricted three-body problem

This study presents a method of obtaining asymptotic approximations for motions near a Lagrange point in the planar, elliptic, restricted three-body problem by using a von Zeipel-type method. The calculations are carried out for a second-order escape solution in the proximity of the equilateral Lagrange point, L ₄, where the primaries' orbital eccentricity is taken as the small parameter .