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An iterative pressure‐stabilized fractional step algorithm in saturated soil dynamics

This paper presents an iterative, incremental pressure‐stabilized fractional step algorithm for coupled hydro‐mechanical problems with mixed formulations of the displacement–pressure ( u –p) model in saturated soil dynamics that allows the use of finite elements with equal low order of interpolation approximation of u and p. In comparison with the original fractional step algorithm, the distinct features of the proposed algorithm lie in its enhanced stability owing to the introduction of both an iteration procedure and a finite increment calculus (FIC) process into the algorithm. The introduction of the iterative procedure makes the velocity term satisfy the momentum conservation equation in an implicit sense and allows much larger time step sizes to be used than those limited in existing explicit and semi‐implicit versions of the algorithm. The introduction of the FIC process removes the dependence of the stability of the proposed algorithm on the time step size, as a result it allows to using the incremental version of the algorithm and evades the minimum time step size requirement presented in the existing versions of the fractional step algorithm that restricts the application of the algorithm to saturated soil dynamics problems with high frequencies. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and improved performance of the proposed iterative pressure‐stabilized fractional step algorithm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Oil source analysis of Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation in Chepaizi area,in the northwest margin of Junggar basin

Well che89, located in the Chepaizi area in the northwest margin of Junggar basin, acquires high production industrial oil flow, which is an important breakthrough in the exploration of the south foreland slope area of Junggar basin. The Chepaizi area is near two hydrocarbon generation depressions of Sikeshu and Shawan, which have sets of hydrocarbon source rock of Carboniferous to Jurassic as well as Upper Tertiary. Geological and geochemical parameters are proper for the accumulation of mixed source crude oil. Carbon isotope, group composition and biomarkers of crude oil in Upper Tertiary of well Che89 show that the features of crude oil in Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation are between that of Permian and Jurassic, some of them are similar to these two, and some are of difference, they should be the mixed source of Permian and Jurassic. Geochemical analysis and geological study show that sand extract of Lower Tertiary Wulunguhe Formation has the same source as the crude oil and sand extract of Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation, but they are not charged in the same period. Oil/gas of Wulunguhe Formation is charged before Upper Tertiary sedimentation, and suffered serious biodegradation and oxidation and rinsing, which provide a proof in another aspect that the crude oil of Upper Tertiary Shawan Formation of well Che89 is not from hydrocarbon source rock of Lower Tertiary.

     

Semi-empirical models of the white-light flare on October 24, 1991

On October 24, 1991, a white-light flare was observed both from space and from the ground. A multi-waveband spectral analysis shows that the peak time of the continuum emission coincides well with that of a radio burst at 2840 MHz and with the hard X-ray emission. Three semi-empirical models, corresponding to the pre-flare condition and to the peak time of continuum emission both with and without non-thermal excitation and ionization of hydrogen by an electron beam, have been obtained. The results indicate that there is fast heating both in the chromosphere and the photosphere. Some evidence is given that this WLF is very likely a result of bombardment by an electron beam. By taking into account non-thermal effects, the chromospheric temperature of the semi-empirical model is significantly reduced.     

长葛县规划区地下水化学特征及其成因分析

本文根据长葛市规划区地下水化学分析资料 ,利用污染指数法对该区地下水化学特征及其成因进行了初步分析 ,指出该区局部地下水的总硬度、溶解性总固体、硝酸盐污染指数大于 1的原因是生活、工业废物处理不当和引用污水灌溉而引起 ,并提出了该市地下水污染治理的建议     

电子信息化技术在地方资源介绍方面的应用

本文通过对灵宝市矿产资源电子信息化实施的工程实例 ,详细阐述了这种技术方法在介绍地方部门资源方面的优势 ,以及运用它所必须的软件、硬件环境等和实施这种技术的方法。     

Virtual Field Geologic Trip System

Virtual Field Geologic Trip System (VFGTS) constructed by the technique of visualization can efficiently present geologic field information and widely used in the field of geologic education. This paper introduces the developing thinking of VFGTS and discusses the main implement processes. Building VFGTS mainly includes systemically gathering of field geological data, the building of virtual geological world, and displaying of virtual geologic world and human-computer interaction.     

塔里木盆地塔河油田原油中生物标志化合物成熟度指标特征与石油运移

塔河油田是我国迄今为止在古生界海相碳酸盐岩层系中发现的最大的油气田,研究其中油气的运移是了解这种油气藏形成规律的重要环节。对塔河油田近几年开采的油井原油样品进行系统采集后,分析了原油中生物标志化合物,选取Ts/(Ts Tm)、三环萜烷/17α(H)-藿烷和重排甾烷/规则甾烷比值作为油气运移指标,研究了塔河油田原油的运移特征。结果表明,这些指标反映了塔河油田奥陶系原油运移有两个方向,一个是由东向西,另一个是由南向北;9区和三叠系、石炭系原油成熟度较高,说明它们成藏期较晚。     

联合多台GPS观测值计算动态定位GPS高程的改进方法

RTK(实时载波相位差分)技术的出现让GNSS在测量领域独领风骚,同时随着GPS接收机的更新换代支持多GNSS系统混合接收,联合计算,使得GNSS的应用效率和精度都有很大提高。目前,GPS RTK的动态解算精度已经达亚厘米级,能够运用在众多高精度测量及施工领域,如海底隧道沉管对接、高铁轨道测量等。但在高精度动态安装施工中,单台GPS RTK定位往往面临精度及可靠性问题。本文在海底沉箱对接GPS控制高程的施工中,就如何提高动态GPS高程精度及可靠性提出了一种利用多台GPS观测相关性的特征来计算改进控制高程精度及可靠性的方法,以达到水下设备高精度安装对接的安全可靠高效施工的目的。     

QZSS/IRNSS对BDS在中国定位性能增强的评估

通过STK软件对BDS、QZSS、IRNSS卫星星座结构仿真的基础上,选择BDS、BDS/QZSS、BDS/IRNSS、BDS/QZSS/IRNSS、QZSS/IRNSS等定位方式对中国大陆单观测站与整体范围最小可见卫星数、GDOP值、定位误差进行覆盖分析,确定了QZSS与IRNSS在我国的覆盖范围及对BDS定位性能增强作用的评估。结果表明,BDS/QZSS/IRNSS组合在我国的最小可见卫星数可达16~21颗,GDOP值在1.4~1.7之间,定位误差达5.5~7.5m,相比单BDS定位最小可见卫星数增加了6~8颗,GDOP值减小了0.3~0.5,定位精度提升了2.0~3.0m,对华南地区的定位性能有明显提升,而对东北等地区定位性能的提升较小。