应用水平井地质数据进行油藏描述：北海南部Lancelot地区赤底统砂岩的实例

Ｌａｎｃｅｌｏｔ,Ｇｕｉｎｅｖｅｒｅ,Ｅｘｃａｌｉｂｕｒ是主要靠水平培开发的一组气田,这些气田的水平井数据及其解释与垂直井数据相结合,用于评价目标区和强化储层描述。根据水平井岩芯可对储层质量的晚期变化和风成相进行解释。井下成像和常规电测井用于识别岩相,记录风成沙丘交错层组的晚期延伸和定位,表征成岩趋向,定位水平井未取芯部分中的裂缝。     

A simple fiber-optic microprobe for high resolution light measurements: application in marine sediment

A fiber-optic microphobe is described which is inexpensive and simple to build and use. It consists of an 80-micrometers optical fiber which at the end is tapered down to a rounded sensing tip of 20-30-micrometers diameter. The detector is a hybrid photodiode/amplifier. The probe has a sensitivity of 0.01 microEinst m-2 s-1 and a spectral range of 300-1,100 nm. Spectral light gradients were measured in fine-grained San Francisco Bay sediment that had an undisturbed diatom coating on the surface. The photic zone of the mud was only 0.4 mm deep. Measured in situ spectra showed extinction maxima at 430-520, 620-630, 670, and 825-850 nm due to absorption by chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycocyanin, and bacterio-chlorophyll a. Maximum light penetration in the visible range was found in both the violet and the red < or = 400 and > or = 700 nm.     

Identification, definition and quantification of goods and services provided by marine biodiversity: implications for the ecosystem approach

This paper identifies and defines ecosystem goods and services provided by marine biodiversity. Case studies have been used to provide an insight into the practical issues associated with the assessment of marine ecosystem goods and services at specific locations. The aim of this research was to validate the definitions of goods and services, and to identify knowledge gaps and likely difficulties of quantifying the goods and services. A validated theoretical framework for the assessment of goods and services is detailed, and examples of the goods and services at a variety of case study areas are documented. These results will enable future assessments of marine ecosystem goods and services. It is concluded that the utilisation of this goods and services approach has the capacity to play a fundamental role in the Ecosystem Approach, by enabling the pressures and demands of society, the economy and the environment to be integrated into environmental management.     

修正破裂时间法在南加州中期地震预测中的应用

基于南加州地震目录以及早先公布的新马德里地震带的连续地震记录。利用修正破裂时间法作为中晚期地震预测技术来预测未来主震的位置,震级和时间,对早先地震的预测表明,这个方法预测的主震震级误差近似于±０．５级,假定最后前兆事件已知,误差与破裂时间一致,接近±１．１年,当最后前兆事件未知,预测震级保持较小,但预测时间随着序列中事件的增加还需要修正,主震的位置也可以在半径数十公里量级的圆形区域中确认,为确定加