嘉峪关市土地生态安全动态评价及影响因素分析

土地生态安全评价对管控区域生态风险和保障生态安全具有重要意义.基于"数量安全-质量安全-结构安全-保障安全"模型构建指标评价体系,采用相对熵方法进行组合赋权,揭示嘉峪关市土地生态安全的动态变化过程,并运用因子分析法探讨其主要影响因素.结果 表明:(1)2000—2017年,嘉峪关市土地生态安全综合指数呈上升趋势,由20...     

Documentary reconstruction of monsoon rainfall variability over western India, 1781–1860

Investigations into the climatic forcings that affect the long-term variability of the Indian summer monsoon are constrained by a lack of reliable rainfall data prior to the late nineteenth century. Extensive qualitative and quantitative meteorological information for the pre-instrumental period exists within historical documents, although these materials have been largely unexplored. This paper presents the first reconstruction of monsoon variability using documentary sources, focussing on western India for the period 1781–1860. Three separate reconstructions are generated, for (1) Mumbai, (2) Pune and (3) the area of Gujarat bordering the Gulf of Khambat. A composite chronology is then produced from the three reconstructions, termed the Western India Monsoon Rainfall reconstruction (WIMR). The WIMR exhibits four periods of generally deficient monsoon rainfall (1780–1785, 1799–1806, 1830–1838 and 1845–1857) and three of above-normal rainfall (1788–1794, 1813–1828 and 1839–1844). The WIMR shows good correspondence with a dendroclimatic drought reconstruction for Kerala, although agreement with the western Indian portion of the tree-ring derived Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas is less strong. The reconstruction is used to examine the long-term relationship between the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and monsoon rainfall over western India. This exhibits peaks and troughs in correlation over time, suggesting a regular long-term fluctuation. This may be an internal oscillation in the ENSO-monsoon system or may be related to volcanic aerosol forcings. Further reconstructions of monsoon rainfall are necessary to validate this. The study highlights uncertainties in existing published rainfall records for 1817–1846 for western India.     

基于Fuller投影的六边形球面离散格网生成算法

随着云计算、航天遥感、地理信息、导航等技术的发展,用于空间信息剖分组织的全球多分辨率离散格网模型得到了长足发展。针对已有研究成果和当前研究现状,选取性能优异的六边形作为基本格网单元,Fuller多面体投影作为投影类型,提出了一种基于正八面体构建新型六边形球面离散格网的方法。全文系统地论述了此新型离散格网的生成算法并给出了相应实验结果,最后与基于Snyder等积多面体投影的格网进行比较,得出其特点和应用前景。     

贵州台江革一黔东统杷榔组沉积环境初探

贵州台江革一杷榔组出露完整、富含化石,其中—上部层位产有类群组合多样的杷榔动物群,为杷榔动物群的一个重要产地。本文通过详细的野外观察,结合生物化石保存情况及岩石薄片的分析结果,对革一杷榔组沉积环境及其海平面变化规律进行了综合分析,认为革一杷榔组的沉积位于盐度正常、较深水的陆棚环境,生物生活环境多为氧化—弱氧化环境,富含化石的层位经历了快速沉积事件,整组的沉积由底向上海水经历了由深至浅的变化过程,但其间经历2次小的波动,水体变深后变浅,并出现还原—氧化界面的波动 。     

高潜水位矿区采煤沉陷地DEM的无人机构建方法

针对高潜水位矿区采煤沉陷地植被密度大、无人机摄影测量难以获取地面点云的问题,从采煤沉陷地地形特征出发,提出了一种基于断面式点云滤波和DEM模型修正的采煤沉陷地DEM构建方法,经分析,精度可达到1：500比例尺地形图要求,可以为采煤沉陷地损毁评价和土地复垦工作开展提供重要依据。     

内蒙古苏尼特右旗晚石炭世本巴图组火山岩地球化学特征及构造意义

苏尼特右旗地区本巴图组火山岩主要由玄武安山岩及安山岩组成,含少量英安岩。安山岩的锆石U--Pb 年龄为300. 9 ± 1. 6 Ma。火山岩的化学成分总体具有拉斑系列的低钾、相对富铁的特征,微量元素组成与圣基茨岛弧火山岩十分相似,以轻重稀土的弱分馏、富集不相容元素、相对亏损高场强元素为特征。本巴图组火山岩具Eu 的负异常和贫Sr 特征,指示岩浆演化过程中经历过以斜长石为主的分离结晶作用,这一作用也导致了岩石贫铝、富钠。本巴图组火山岩初始岩浆起源于俯冲地幔楔的部分熔融,其形成与古亚洲洋板块的俯冲作用有关。