Fault inference and boundary recognition based on near-bottom magnetic data in the Longqi hydrothermal field

Near-bottom magnetic prospecting, which provides useful information to study shallow geological structures, is an efficient method for investigating active and inactive hydrothermal fields and researching the structure of hydrothermal systems. We collected near-bottom magnetic data in the Longqi hydrothermal area on the Southwest Indian Ridge using the Autonomous Benthic Explorer in 2007 and set up a processing system for magnetic data calibration. By removing the influence of terrain on magnetic anomalies and using the intensity of the spatial differential vector (ISDV) method, we inferred the presence of an N–S-trending fault and estimated its crush zone to be about 120 m wide and >2 km long along the known hydrothermal vents. This inferred fault is consistent with the precise topography mapped during the ABE 201 dive. The fault may be connected to a known detachment fault and form part of a hydrothermal channel. We delineated the hydrothermal alteration zone using the ISDV method and conclude that demagnetization was induced by hydrothermal alteration.     

Relocation of two earthquakes in the Southwest Indian Ridge area combining land seismic stations’ with OBSs’ data

Two earthquakes were recorded by 20 ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) deployed in the Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) area during a three-dimensional seismic survey in 2010. Their magnitudes (both M _b = 4.4) and hypocenters have been determined by National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) only using land seismic stations onset times. After the frequency analysis and the band-pass filtering of the OBSs’ data, 7 and 13 P-phase onset times from OBSs were successfully picked for these two events, respectively. Then these two events were relocated by HYPOSAT program with onset times together from OBSs and land seismic stations using different velocity models. These relocation experiments confirm both the importance of adding OBSs’ onset data and the need to apply a local oceanic velocity model for the location of these two events happened on the SWIR. This research has accumulated a wealth of experience for earthquakes observation and research using OBSs in the ocean.     

Probability distribution method based on the triple porosity model to identify the fluid properties of the volcanic reservoir in the Wangfu fault depression by well log

Due to the powerful anisotropy of the physical properties of volcanic reservoirs, their component minerals and pore configuration are very complex, rendering fluid identification very difficult. This paper first computed the cementation exponent, which was based on triple porosity model, then used the varied matrix density and matrix neutron to compute the porosity, and finally combined with resistivity well log, and a P ^1/2 probability distribution curve was built. The fluid properties were predicted from the shape of the P ^1/2 probability distribution curve. Good results were achieved when these methods were used in the volcanic reservoir of the Wangfu fault depression, which indicated that these methods can be used in the fluid property identification of volcanic reservoirs and can also be referred to for other lithology reservoirs.     

大尺度人工岛沉箱浅水波浪中充气拖航阻力特性探讨

本文对大尺度圆形人工岛沉箱在浅水波浪中低速充气拖航状态下的阻力特性进行了理论分析和计算,指出其阻力以形状阻力为主,而波浪中阻力增值相对较小,但变化规律复杂。对照其模型阻力试验结果,提出了该形状物体的阻力近似计算公式并给出了相应的系数。     

用NOAA/AVHRR资料遥感土壤水分时风速的影响

以热惯量法为基础,在地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）的支持下,通过计算地形参数Ｒ与Ｆ,间接考虑了风速对用ＮＯＯＡＡ／ＡＶＨＲＲ资料遥感土壤水分的影响。结果表明：考虑风速后,遥感土壤水分的精度比热惯量法有所提高;风速对遥感土壤水分的影响主要限于土壤浅层,到３０ｃｍ深度以下时可以不考虑其影响;遥感土壤水分的最佳深度并不在土壤表层,而在２０ｃｍ深度左右。     

用遥感资料估算深层土壤水分的方法和模型

该文以热惯量法为基础,在EPPL7地理信息系统（GIS）的支持下,考虑土壤质地的影响,探讨了利用NOAA/AVHRR遥感资料估算深层土壤水分的方法和模型。结果表明:表层土壤水分与深层土壤水分之间有较好的非线性关系,可以用遥感得到的表层土壤水分去估算深层土壤水分,且效果优于直接分层建立统计模型。     

直立浮式柱群波浪荷载计算

为了研究类似张力腿平台（ＴＬＰ）等海洋工程结构物的运动,浮式直立柱群的波浪荷载计算是十分重要的。应用匹配渐进和特征函数展开法得到单柱流场速度势的半解析解,再引入大间距假设,将柱群中某一柱体对其它柱体的扰动作用用平面入射波来代替。同时对该问题进行了非平面波修正,计入柱间水动力相互作用,解决了柱群的绕射问题。应用该方法计算了不同条件下的双柱波浪荷载的幅频特征。     

波-流联合作用场中流的等效作用研究

针对波-流相互作用问题中的流速沿水深非线性分布的水流处理方法问题,提出了“等效均匀流”概念和相应理论,使非线性分布的水流作用等效为相应的均匀流作用,从而使问题大大简化.无论是二维顺、逆流问题还是三维波一流斜交折射问题,非均匀流都可以基于本文方法和理论予以近似处理,以采用等效均匀流概念计算的小尺度垂直桩桩的波一流联合作用力计算为例,对该理论和方法的应用作了初步的探讨和验证.