湖泊沉积物XRF元素连续扫描与常规ICP-OES分析结果的对比及校正--以兹格塘错为例

岩芯X荧光光谱扫描仪(XRF)可以无需破坏样品,直接通过对剖开岩芯表面扫描获知沉积物的元素化学组成,但目前少有关于XRF连续扫描方法测试结果精度和准确性的研究.本文以高原封闭咸水湖泊兹格塘错湖相沉积岩芯为研究对象,利用XRF方法进行了高分辨率连续扫描,同时在岩芯不同层位选取了60个样品利用ICP-OES方法进行元素测定...     

探讨太湖历史极端洪水发生年份和水位高程

较之气候水文平均态的缓慢变化,特大洪水引发的灾害对人类社会影响更加显著,而关注极端洪水、认识小概率事件需要更长时间序列.本文通过对太湖钻孔的沉积和磁学参数特征研究,对比太湖文物发掘的历史洪水资料,试图多指标定量重建太湖长序列极端洪水.太湖水则碑对1600～1954A.D.特大洪水记录了15次,通过与现代洪水仪器记录对比和论证,其最低4.03m水位相当于1921～2004A.D.观测太湖的年最高水位80％百分位.太湖钻孔中的沉积粒度和磁化率特征捕捉了水则碑洪水序列中的85％的洪水年,同时补充了水则碑洪水漏失的信号.3次能够被历史文献佐证的洪水沉积信号发生在1766A.D.、1875A.D.和1882A.D.,其洪水水位估计在4.0～4.1m,4.1～4.2m和4.13 ～4.23m.频谱分析显示了沉积洪水指标与水则碑洪水指标具有3个同步的重现期,分别约在90～102年、60～ 62年和42～44年.分析历史洪水与PDO一致性的统计关系,获得估计概率为0.17 ～0.20,肯定了太湖洪水年与PDO存在关联,反映出历史洪水的发生与现代过程相同,受到了太平洋季风环流和夏季降水控制.这些结论为延长洪水时间系列、分析小概率事件、认识极端洪水特征和重现期等提供了重要水文依据.     

卫星导航系统链路预算方法研究

卫星导航系统中,为了保证卫星发射信号到达地面的功率基本相等,卫星发射天线采用阵列天线,天线增益方向图设计为“马鞍”形,使得卫星导航系统的最大、最小链路预算方法不同于传统的卫星通信系统。结合工程实际,给出一种综合考虑卫星发射天线增益、自由空间衰减、大气衰减、极化失配损耗等因素的卫星导航系统最大、最小链路计算方法,对我国北斗全球卫星导航系统载荷和链路设计具有一定的参考价值。     

江西省冷水坑银铅锌矿床铁锰碳酸盐角砾岩成因研究

江西省冷水坑银铅锌矿床的铁锰碳酸盐角砾岩层与顶底板侏罗系火山杂岩呈整合接触关系,填隙物内存在清晰可辨的火山凝灰物质。铁锰碳酸盐角砾岩的稀土元素配分型式属于轻稀土富集的右倾型,稀土组成特征有类似于正常湖相碳酸盐岩低的稀土总量,又类似于正长质岩浆岩的正Eu异常特征。碳氧同位素显示其形成环境属于陆相火山湖泊,陆相沉积岩与岩浆岩均为成岩提供了物质来源。通过顶底板火山杂岩锆石U-Pb年龄的限定,指示在155Ma左右,铁锰碳酸盐角砾岩经历了陆相火山湖泊沉积-火山喷发使之角砾化-正长质岩浆物质混入的成岩过程。     

Caledonian Low-Temperature Granulite-Facies Metamorphism in the West Kunlun Orogenic Belt-SHRIMP Chronological Evidence from Zircon

1IntroductionTheWestKunlunorogenicbeltbordersontheTarimplateinthenorth ,linkswiththeKarakorum Qiangtangblockinthesouth ,iscutbytheAltunfaultintheeast,andextendswest wardstothePamirPlateau (BureauofGeologyandMineralResources,Xinjiang ,1 999;JiangChunfaetal.,2 0 0 0 ) .OnthebasisofthediscoveryoftheKudaophioliteandaseriesofstudies(DingDaoguietal.,1 996 ;PanYushengetal.,1 994 ,1 999;WangZhihongetal.,2 0 0 0 ;PanYushengetal.,2 0 0 0 ) ,thepreviousgeologicalworkerscommonlyacceptedthatthereh…     

一种基于B/S分布对象模型的设计实现

随着 Internet的深入发展 ,Web应用逐渐呈现面向对象和分布的特点 ,如何在浏览器端为用户提供一个面向对象的接口 ,使用户能够透明的访问分布在不同网络结点的数据 ,成为当前研究的热点。该文提出一种基于 Browser/ Server( B/ S)的分布对象模型 ,该模型以客观世界的实体为核心 ,通过构造组件对象模型封装对象的接口 ,并采用建立在组件对象模型基础上的分布技术 ,通过任务分派 ,远程过程调用 ,存取分布在不同网络结点的对象 ,完成用户对数据库的访问请求     

高亚洲定位监测冰川平衡线高度时空分布特征研究

利用高亚洲定位监测冰川平衡线高度数据,对平衡线高度时空分布特征进行了分析。结果表明：高亚洲冰川平衡线高度在空间尺度上具有纬度地带性、经向地带性和区域性的特征。在时间尺度上,高亚洲定位监测冰川平衡线高度呈现不同程度的升高趋势。在天山山区,乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川和Ts.Tuyuksuyskiy冰川的平衡线高度在1960-2013年间,分别增加约116m、80m,二者相比,Ts.Tuyuksuyskiy冰川对气候变化的敏感性更高;在阿尔泰山区,No.125（Vodopadniy）冰川、Maliy Aktru冰川和Leviy Aktru冰川在1983-2007年间,平衡线高度变化趋势基本一致,总体都呈升高趋势,其中,Maliy Aktru冰川平衡线高度增幅最大,升高了约142m;高亚洲定位监测冰川中,1962-2008年间,七一冰川平衡线高度升高速度最快,增幅最大,升高了约264m,升高速度最为缓慢的是乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川,其增幅最小,升高了约47m。     

Oxygen Isotope Characteristics of the Footwall Alteration Zones in the Hongtoushan Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposit, Liaoning Province, China and Restoration of Their Formation Temperatures

The Hongtoushan Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide Deposit (VMSD) occurs in the Hunbei granite-greenstone terrane, Liaoning Province, NE China. Rocks in the mining area have been metamorphosed around 3.0–2.8 Ga to upper amphibolite facies at temperatures between 600°C and 650°C. Cordierite-anthophyllite gneiss (CAG) in the Hongtoushan mining area, which occurs hundreds of meters below the ore horizon, corresponds to the metamorphosed semi-conformable alteration zone of the VMSD hydrothermal system, whereas the one immediately below the main ore layer represents the metamorphosed pipe-like alteration zone. Whole-rock oxygen isotope signatures were well preserved in both types of CAGs, although the mineral components have been entirely changed during regional metamorphism. Therefore, whole-rock oxygen isotopes can be used to estimate the formation temperature of both types of alteration zone. Calculations show that the semi-conformable and pipe-like alteration zones for the Hongtoushan submarine hydrothermal system were formed at 290–360°C and 285–320°C, respectively, whereas estimates for the former were slightly higher than that of the latter, indicating that the semi-conformable alteration zone represents the deep part of the Hongtoushan seafloor hydrothermal system, while the pipe-like alteration zone represents the discharge conduits for metal-rich fluids, which is closer to the seafloor.     

Changes of vegetation in southern China

In order to reveal the changes of vegetation in southern China since the Last Glacial Maximum, we have established high-resolution time scales and palynological sequences of borehole profiles by drilling cores in some weak areas of the research to restore vegetation changes over the past 20,000 years on the basis of previous work. This paper gives the vegetation zoning maps of 18, 9 and 6 ka BP respectively in southern China, and describes the distribution characteristics of plants in different zones/subzones. The results show that the vegetation zonations around 18 ka BP were significantly different from that at present.It appeared in turn with Cold-temperate coniferous forest and alpine meadow steppe zone, and Temperate mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest zone/warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest zone from northwest to southeast in the west, and Temperate mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest zone, Warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest zone, and Northern subtropical mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest zone from north to south in the central and east. The vegetation distribution around 9 ka BP changed distinctively. Except that the northwest part was located in Mountain temperate mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest zone, the vegetation in other areas occurred in turn with North subtropical mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest subzone, Mid-subtropical typical evergreen broad-leaved forest subzone, and South subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest subzone/Tropical seasonal rainforest and rainforest zone from north to south.There was little change in the appearance of vegetation zonations between 6 and 9 ka BP, but the northern edge of each vegetation belt moved a little northward, reflecting that the overall climate became warmer around 6 ka BP. The vegetation changes in southern China over the past 20,000 years were largely driven by environmental changes. Climate change was the main factor affecting the vegetation distribution. The impact of human activities became more and more remarkable in the later period. In the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the delta region, sea level changes also influenced the vegetation distribution.