Effect of desiccation of marine environment on beam structure

This paper presents the study on the effect of desiccation for different part of offshore structure corresponding to the water level.A coupled elastoplastic damage model is proposed to describe the mechanical behavior of cement-based materials under external loading and desiccation,in which both the plastic and damage behaviors under multi-axial stress are considered in composition with the desiccation effect.The comparison between numerical simulation and experimental data indicates that the proposed model can well predict the mechanical characteristics of cement-based materials with different saturations.In addition,a series of small beams subjected to desiccation are further analyzed to reveal the response of structure in the drying process.     

Discussion of “formation mechanism of large pockmarks in the subaqueous Yellow River Delta”

Abstract

The excess pore pressure accumulation is a key factor when estimating the formation mechanism of large pockmarks, as it determines the liquefaction potential of marine sediments due to water waves. The governing equations for excess pore pressure may have different forms for various types of sediments and then shall reflect the cyclic plasticity of the soil. For water waves propagating over a porous seabed, the liquefaction area induced by waves is generally progressive, which indicates that the liquefaction area will move forward following the wave train. Therefore, the excess pore pressure accumulation can be used to explain the occurrence of the large pockmarks, but the dimension of the pockmark may be related to the heterogeneity of sediment or the wave properties affected by the topography in the subaqueous Yellow River Delta.     

Dissolution mechanism of a deep-buried sandstone reservoir in a deep water area: A case study from Baiyun Sag,Zhujiang River (Pearl River) Mouth Basin

Dissolution mechanism and favorable reservoir distribution prediction are the key problems restricting oil and gas exploration in deep-buried layers. In this paper, the Enping Formation and Zhuhai Formation in Baiyun Sag of South China Sea was taken as a target. Based on the thin section, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, porosity/permeability measurement, and mercury injection, influencing factors of dissolution were examined, and a dissolution model was established. Further, high-quality reservoirs were predicted temporally and spatially. The results show that dissolved pores constituted the main space of the Paleogene sandstone reservoir. Dissolution primarily occurred in the coarse- and medium-grained sandstones in the subaerial and subaqueous distributary channels, while dissolution was limited in fine-grained sandstones and inequigranular sandstones. The main dissolved minerals were feldspar, tuffaceous matrix, and diagenetic cement. Kaolinization of feldspar and illitization of kaolinite are the main dissolution pathways, but they occur at various depths and temperatures with different geothermal gradients. Dissolution is controlled by four factors, in terms of depositional facies, source rock evolution, overpressure, and fault activities, which co-acted at the period of 23.8–13.8 Ma, and resulted into strong dissolution. Additionally, based on these factors, high-quality reservoirs of the Enping and Zhuhai formations are predicted in the northern slope, southwestern step zone, and Liuhua uplift in the Baiyun Sag.     

台湾海峡西部海底有用重砂高品位分布与找矿意义

锆石,钛铁矿,金红石,独居石等有用重砂品位分析表明,台湾海峡西部海底各有用重砂存在有高品位分布。中央盆地西部等具有富集成矿条件,相当部分仍在可采水深范围之内,具有找矿意义。     

Isozyme changes during larval development of Penaeus chinensis

Isozyme changes during early development of Penaeus chinensis are described for six enzymes (EST, AMY MDH, GDH, Gd and LDH) by means of polyacrylamide gel vertical plate electrophoresis. The results show that the number of isozymes varies considerably and the enzyme activity also rises gradually with development. The band number of EST increases from 1 in nauplius stage to 6 in postlarval stage. There are three types of AMY, α-AMY, R-AMY and Q-AMY. The phenotype of LDH changes slightly, showing the same pattern except nauplius in all the stages. The remaining three enzymes (MDH, Gd and GDH) have more bands and their isozyme number also increases with development.     

埕岛油田海域波—底相互作用

基于1976，1993年埕岛油田海域测深资料，应用HISWA浅水海浪数值计算模式，研究风暴浪入侵该海域导致的波-底相互作用后果。数值计算结果表明，海区固定点海底冲刷导致波场强化；波参数增量与冲刷深度有关；海底水质点轨道流速峰值，底摩擦耗散峰值及临界波高值相对水深分布均表明，该海域深水区海底冲刷将减弱，浅水区海底冲刷将加强。     

海水pH对疏浚物中重金属释放的影响

对厦门员当湖污染疏浚物中的Ｃｄ，Ｃｕ和Ｐｂ在不同ｐＨ的天然海水中溶出的模拟研究结果表明：在ｐＨ为５．０，６．５，８．３条件下，疏浚物中的Ｃｄ，Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ的释放率分别为８０％－９４％，４％－９％和１．０％－２．２％；在相同条件下，Ｃｄ，Ｃｕ，Ｐｂ的释放量（释放量）均随ｐＨ值增大而减少，释放量的顺序为Ｃｄ＞Ｃｕ＞Ｐｂ。讨论了ｐＨ对释放作用的影响及释放过程所遵循的动力学规律。     

新型船载气象卫星接收系统

新型船载气象卫星接收系统为南极考察船的航海气象保障和在南大洋冰区中航行导航专门研制.该系统能够适应高温、高湿和低温超饱和的气候环境,在12级以上大风和船在破冰时剧烈摇摆和振动以及有雷达等强磁场信号干扰的情况下,具有自我保护能力.有极轨高分辨和静止低分辨卫星的双套接收和图像处理系统.该系统的关键创新之处:(1)采用了有源陀螺仪稳定平台.利用惯性测量和三轴伺服机构控制天线和隔离船摇.解决极轨卫星低仰角和过顶轨道高仰角跟踪丢线的矛盾,解决了船在运动状态下,不断改变位置、方向以及摇摆的状态下,准确地跟踪和捕捉到卫星,接收到清晰的卫星云图.(2)图像处理系统用了最新的BORLAND-DELPHI语言编程,采用两行元素的轨道模式计算动态定位套网格系统.利用电子地图网格数据,用迭代法画出地形海岸线.计算出每一像元素的位置;能够在图上显示任意一点的经纬度,标出任意目标物.解决了在海洋中航行找不到参照物时的困惑.能够监测云和温度、林火、海洋及陆地的异常变化.能够输出24位真彩色的高清晰度的卫星云图.该系统整体结构技术先进,体积小,重量轻,适应恶劣气候和海洋环境,图像处理系统功能齐全、分辨率高,操作方便.既适用于各种船只,也适用于陆地.     

Active learning for detection of mine-like objects in side-scan sonar imagery

A data-adaptive algorithm is presented for the selection of the basis functions and training data used in classifier design with application to sensing mine-like targets with a side-scan sonar. Automatic detection of mine-like targets using side-scan sonar imagery is complicated by the variability of the target, clutter, and background signatures. Specifically, the strong dependence of the data on environmental conditions vitiates the assumption that one may perform a priori algorithm training using separate side-scan sonar data collected previously. In this paper, a novel active-learning algorithm is developed based on kernel classifiers with the goal of enhancing detection/classification of mines without requiring an a priori training set. It is assumed that divers and/or unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) may be used to determine the binary labels (target/clutter) of a small number of signatures from a given side-scan collection. These sets of signatures and associated labels are then used to train a kernel-based algorithm with which the remaining side-scan signatures are classified. Information-theoretic concepts are used to adaptively construct the form of the kernel classifier and to determine which signatures and associated labels would be most informative in the context of algorithm training. Using measured side-looking sonar data, the authors demonstrate that the number of signatures for which labels are required (via diver/UUV) is often small relative to the total number of potential targets in a given image. This procedure designs the detection/classification algorithm on the observed data itself without requiring a priori training data and also allows adaptation as environmental conditions change.     

Sudden death and revival of entanglement of two qubits coupled collectively to a thermal reservoir

In this paper, we investigate the entanglement of two qubits coupled collectively to a common thermal environment and find that the the collective decay can lead to a revival of the entanglement that has already been destroyed. We also show that the ability of the system to revival entanglement relies on the mean photon number of the thermal environment and the degree of entanglement of the initial state.