城市群-开发区-产业集群互动研究的理论思考

以相互作用理论为指导,系统解析了城市群-开发区-产业集群互动研究的总体思路、研究内容与研究方法。基于理论分析,提出城市群-开发区-产业集群是相互耦合的复杂网络系统,三者的互动研究应遵循互动影响因素分析、互动方式识别、互动机制揭示、互动强度与协调度测度、互动模式探讨和互动路径设计的分析框架,并采用多学科融贯的综合研究、大数据分析、GIS空间分析、多智能体和元胞自动机建模等方法进行研究。     

Optimizing the spatial organization of rural settlements based on life quality

Optimizing rural settlements is an important measure to cope with rural decline, and improve the quality of rural life and attractions. This study introduces the “life quality theory”. Based on the mechanisms governing the interactions between rural settlement space and life quality, this study examines how to optimize the spatial organization of rural settlements. Three aspects are evaluated – the integration of rural settlement spatial functions, optimization of spatial structure, and regulation of spatial scale – with the objective of building an optimization mode and framework for the spatial organization of rural settlements with high life quality. Our results suggest the following: (1) The settlement is the spatial carrier of life quality, which is an essential settlement component, and these two aspects influence and improve each other. Therefore, reasonable rural settlement space is an important precondition for higher life quality. (2) The spatial function types of rural settlements can be divided into those that maintain livelihoods, develop industry, and upgrade life quality. Optimizing spatial organization of rural settlements based on life quality requires promoting the maintenance of livelihood, integration of industrial development, and implantation in quality improvement. (3) There are two important components of optimizing the spatial organization of rural settlements. One is promoting the organic concentration of living, agricultural, and industrial spaces, the reasonable distribution of social intercourse, recreational, and services spaces, and the organic balance of living, production, and ecological spaces, so as to reasonably optimize the combination of internal spatial types in settlements. The other is forming a functional structure level of a “comprehensive village–featured village” and building spatial organization settlement modes connected by rural roads by relocating and adjusting the function of villages. These changes would require the destruction of underdeveloped villages, retaining normal villages, enlarging important villages, and constructing new villages. (4) As an ideal mode for optimizing rural settlements space based on life quality, the Rural Road-Oriented Development Model (RROD model) should be built at a rational scale for unit settlement and distance between settlements, leading to a fully functional RROD system with rational structure, auxiliary facility, and well-organized distribution.     

The secular acceleration of the Moon determined from lunar laser ranging data

Lunar Laser Ranging data covering the interval from August 1969 to December 1987 were used to determine the seculer acceleration in the mean longitude of the Moon (\.n). In our analysis, the DE200/LE200 planets and lunar ephemerides were adopted for calculating the theoretical distance between the observing station and reflector. The method of stepwise regression was used in the processing of the data and the value of –25.4 ± 0. 1/cy² was obtained by a weighted least squares fit.Our result is in good agreement with that derived by other authors using various methods. The uncertainty (\.n) estimated from LLR data would be decreasing rapidly with increasing the data span. The high precision obtained in this paper is mainly due to the longer span and higher measuring accuracy of data.     

基于生活质量导向的乡村聚落空间优化研究

引入“生活质量理论”,基于乡村聚落空间与生活质量的双向循环互动机理,从乡村聚落空间功能整合、空间结构优化、空间尺度调控等三个方面研究乡村聚落空间优化问题,试图构建有效提高生活质量的乡村聚落空间优化框架与模式。研究认为：① 聚落是生活质量的空间载体,生活质量是聚落的本质内容,乡村聚落与生活质量相互促进、相互影响,构建科学合理的乡村聚落空间是提高农民生活质量的重要前提。② 乡村聚落空间功能类型可以划分为生计维持型功能、产业发展型功能与品质提升型功能,生活质量导向的乡村聚落空间功能优化,重点在于提升生计维持型功能,整合产业发展型功能,植入品质提升型功能。③ 乡村聚落空间结构优化的重点有两个方面,一是要促进居住空间、农业空间、工业空间有机集聚,社会交往空间、休闲空间、服务空间有机疏散,生活空间、生产空间、生态空间有机均衡,以实现聚落内部空间类型比例合理化与组合最优化;二是要通过聚居区位转换与聚落职能调整,移拆部分衰落村落,保留部分一般村落,扩大部分重点村落,新建部分新型村落,形成“综合村—特色村”的功能结构等级,构建以乡村公路为链接的聚落体系空间组织模式。④ RROD模式是基于生活质量导向的乡村聚落空间优化的理想模式,该模式的构建要合理确定聚落单体的规模尺度与聚落之间的距离尺度,引导形成结构合理、设施配套、功能完备、分布有序的RROD和RROD体系。     

中国中部地区农村聚居分异特征及形成机制

采用样点分析、样带分析相结合的方法,从聚居规模与空间形态、聚居设施与居住条件、聚居主体与社会结构等农村聚居核心特征要素出发,探讨我国中部地区农村聚居空间分异特征及形成机制。研究表明:我国中部地区农村聚居具有明显的空间分异特征,呈现平原—丘陵—山区地域梯度、发达—欠发达—落后经济梯度、近郊—远郊—偏远距离梯度规律;农村聚居空间分异是自然地理条件、经济发展与收入水平、城镇化与城乡关系、地域文化环境以及国家政策与制度调控等多种因素综合作用的结果,各因素作用程度、方向、效应不同,并相互制约与影响;自然地理条件属于稳定型因子,重点作用于平原—丘陵—山区地域梯度,产生"持续强化效应";经济发展与收入水平、城镇化与城乡关系属于动态型因子,主要作用于发达—欠发达—落后经济梯度、近郊—远郊—偏远距离梯度,产生"倒U型阶段效应";地域文化环境是影响农村聚居较为深刻和本质的因素,通过影响聚居主体价值体系与行为习惯发生作用,属于半稳定性因子,产生"双向均衡效应"。     

有关非刚体地球章动研究的进展

对目前国际上有关非刚体地球章动研究的时展作了简要回顾，重点介绍了包含海洋和大气的非刚体地球章动模型和有关研究工作，并对将来的发展方向作了讨论。     

基于北斗数据的非差相对定位理论与方法研究

简要介绍了北斗导航定位系统,论述了非差相对定位的基本概念、原理及建立非差相对定位模型的基本原则,介绍了建立单历元非差相对定位模型的函数模型和随机模型的详细过程,利用LAMBDA方法实现基线单历元模糊度的固定。对单历元非差相对定位的基线解算精度进行了重点分析。     

Preliminary analysis on the source properties and seismogenic structure of the 2017 M_s7.0 Jiuzhaigou earthquake

At GMT time 13:19, August 8, 2017, an Ms7.0 earthquake struck the Jiuzhaigou region in Sichuan Province, China,causing severe damages and casualties. To investigate the source properties, seismogenic structures, and seismic hazards, we systematically analyzed the tectonic environment, crustal velocity structure in the source region, source parameters and rupture process, Coulomb failure stress changes, and 3-D features of the rupture plane of the Jiuzhaigou earthquake. Our results indicate the following:(1) The Jiuzhaigou earthquake occurred on an unmarked fault belonging to the transition zone of the east Kunlun fault system and is located northwest of the Huya fault.(2) Both the mainshock and aftershock rupture zones are located in a region where crustal seismic velocity changes dramatically. Southeast to the source region, shear wave velocity at the middle to lower crust is significantly low, but it rapidly increases northeastward and lies close to the background velocity across the rupture fault.(3) The aftershock zone is narrow and distributes along the northwest-southeast trend, and most aftershocks occur within a depth range of 5–20 km.(4) The focal mechanism of the Jiuzhaigou earthquake indicates a left-lateral strike-slip fault, with strike, dip, and rake angles of 152°, 74° and 8°, respectively. The hypocenter depth measures 20 km, whereas the centroid depth is about 6 km. The co-seismic rupture mainly concentrates at depths of 3–13 km, with a moment magnitude(M_w) of 6.5.(5) The co-seismic rupture also strengthens the Coulomb failure stress at the two ends of the rupture fault and the east segment of the Tazang fault. Aftershocks relocation results together with geological surveys indicate that the causative fault is a near vertical fault with notable spatial variations: dip angle varies within 66°–89° from northwest to southeast and the average dip angle measures ~84°. The results of this work are of fundamental importance for further studies on the source characteristics, tectonic environment, and seismic hazard evaluation of the Jiuzhaigou earthquake.