海洋船舶业全要素生产率及影响因素分析 ——基于产业环境视角

文章以2004—2015年15个造船省、市、自治区的数据为基础,运用DEA-Malmquist指数法计算了中国海洋船舶业的全要素生产率(TFP)。结果发现,从长远来看,技术进步是海洋船舶业TFP的主要增长动力;而从短期波动看,海洋船舶业TFP的增长易受到技术效率与技术进步的交互作用。同时,不同地域海洋船舶业TFP的增长动力也会有所不同,东部地区海洋船舶业TFP的主要增长动力为技术进步,中西部地区海洋船舶业TFP的主要增长动力为技术进步和技术效率的综合影响。基于以上计算结果,从产业环境的视角分析中国海洋船舶业TFP的影响因素,实证结果表明,宏观的经济形势、国际市场需求、科技发展投入对本国海洋船舶业TFP有积极影响,社会固定投资量的增加对中国海洋船舶业TFP产生负向的影响。并提出适当减少船舱生产的固定设施投入,并将减少的固定资产投入转向研发投入;政府应制定合理的产业政策为海洋船舶业提供良好的宏观经济形势;从税收上给予具备高技术水平的船企以优惠等建议。     

基于J2EE和ArcIMS的地质灾害危险性评估项目备案系统

本文对J2EE和ArcIMS的地质灾害危险性评估项目备案系统的总体框架结构、系统三层体系结构、模块化思想设计要点和实现的技术路线及关键技术。系统应用Struts技术、数据库技术、ArcIMS的WebGIS技术和网络技术,建立了通用地理信息功能与地质灾害危险性评估项目备案自动审批的分布式软件系统,实现了地质灾害危险性评估项目备案的自动审批、管理、分析、决策、发布的一体化平台。该系统为有关部门提供辅助决策支持和信息发布服务。     

Numerical modeling investigation on turbulent oscillatory flow over a plane rough bed composed by randomly arrayed particles

A three-dimensional numerical model is established to simulate the turbulent oscillatory boundary layer over a fixed and rough bed composed by randomly arrayed solid spheres based on the lattice Boltzmann method and the large eddy simulation model.The equivalent roughness height,the location of the theoretical bed and the time variation of the friction velocity are investigated using the log-fit method.The time series of turbulent intensity and Reynolds stress are also investigated.The equivalent roughness height of cases with Reynolds numbers of 1×10~4–6×10~4 is approximately 2.81 d(grain size).The time variation of the friction velocity in an oscillatory cycle exhibits sinusoidal-like behavior.The friction factor depends on the relative roughness in the rough turbulent regime,and the pattern of solid particles arrayed as the rough bed in the numerical simulations has no obvious effect on the friction factor.     

鞍山、本溪地区鞍山群变质岩岩石化学研究及条带状铁矿的成矿条件

通过对鞍山群变质岩石及条带状铁矿的岩石化学研究,探讨了鞍本地区太古宙老变质岩(正变质岩为斜长角闪岩及中酸性变粒岩等;副变质岩主要为泥质—泥灰质岩及硅铁质胶体化学沉积岩石)岩石学特征,并恢复变质前之原岩建造。太古宙条带状铁矿石的化学成分较单一;SiO_2、Fe_2O_3、FeO之和为85—95％,是一种成分很纯的磁铁矿石。作者从矿体的产状呈层;与围岩之间基本整合;条带状构造所显示的原生层理;铁矿石成分简单以及在世界上的分布情况表明它是海底火山沉积矿床。本文基于铁矿成因和与原岩建造的关系,进而讨论了铁矿的赋存     

呼图壁地区震源机制解及构造应力场特征分析

基于新疆测震台网记录的数字地震波形,运用CAP方法测定呼图壁地区2010-01-15~2017-01-02共50次MS≥3.0地震的震源机制解,同时结合早期23次MS≥3.0地震的震源机制解数据,应用MSATSI软件反演研究区时空应力场。结果表明,研究区应力结构类型表现为逆断型,整个区域主压应力P轴近NNE向且倾角较小,说明整个呼图壁地区应力场以NNE向水平挤压作用为主要特征。从空间上看,东部的水平挤压作用更为显著;从时间上看,2010~2016年受到更为显著的NNE向应力场控制,反映了研究区在不同时段应力场的调整变化,但没有改变该区域最大主压应力轴呈NNE向的总体特征,说明整个呼图壁地区可能主要受一种较稳定的NNE向应力场控制。     

T213数值预报产品在黑龙江省应用的统计检验

利用统计学方法,选取T213高度场、温度场和地面气压场的12h、24h、36h、48h的格点资料作为样本,与实况值做对比检验,分别计算其相关系数和协方差,以此来说明T213的预报场在黑龙江省区域的准确程度。     

浙江省衢州市上方镇重钙方解石矿工艺指标影响因素

重质碳酸钙的白度和色相值(Lab)是最重要的工业指标,但影响因素尚不清楚.本文通过扫描电镜、粉晶X射线衍射(XRD)和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)等分析手段,对浙江衢州上方镇的重钙方解矿石进行了研究,以期阐明重质碳酸钙白度和色相的影响因素.结果表明,矿石随研磨粒度的减小白度逐渐增加,在100～400目,白...     

高速铁路和城市蔓延对雾霾污染的异质性影响

为了探寻高铁开通能否抑制雾霾污染以及这种抑制作用在不同城市空间形态下是否存在异质性,本文首先分析了高铁和城市蔓延对雾霾污染的作用机制,在利用LandScan数据测算2003-2016年中国281个地级市城市蔓延指标的基础上,采用动态空间面板模型检验了城市蔓延与雾霾污染的空间动态关系.借助双重差分(DID)模型验证了高铁...     

Simultaneous quantification of greenhouse gas and nitric oxide emissions from subtropical conventional vegetable systems: a 2-site field case study in Sichuan Basin

Quantification of greenhouse gases[nitrous oxide(N₂O)and methane(CH₄)]and nitric oxide(NO)emissions from subtropical conventional vegetable systems through multi-site field measurements are needed to obtain accurate regional and global estimates.N2 O,NO and CH4 emissions from subtropical conventional vegetable systems were simultaneously measured at two different sites with hilly topography in the Sichuan basin,southwest China by using the static chamber gas chromatography technique.Results showed that annual soil N₂O and NO fluxes for the treatment receiving N fertilizer ranged from 6.34-7.71 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1 and 0.69-0.85 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1,respectively,while decreased soil CH4 uptakes by 26.4%as compared with no N fertilizer addition across our two sites of experiment.Overall,the average direct N2 O and NO emission factor(EFd)were 0.71%and 0.12%,respectively,which were both lower than the available EFd for subtropical conventional vegetable systems.This finding indicates that current regional and global estimates of N₂O and NO emissions from vegetable fields are likely overestimated.Background N₂O emissions(3.42-3.62 kg N ha^-1 yr^-1)from the subtropical conventional vegetable systems were relatively high as compared with available field measurements worldwide,suggesting that background N₂O emissions cannot be ignored for regional estimate of N₂O emissions in subtropical region.Nevertheless,the significantly intra-and inter-annual variations in N₂O,CH₄ and NO emissions were also observed in the present study,which could be explained by temporal variations of environmental variables(i.e.soil temperature and moisture).The differences in N₂O and NO EFd and CH₄emissions between various vegetable systems in particular under subtropical conditions should be taken into account when compiling regional or global inventories and proposing mitigation practices.     

大地电磁测深资料解释的新方法

大地电磁测深 (MT)资料解释中 ,长期以来使用观测的视电阻率作为解释参数。但视电阻率存在一定的局限性。相位微分为MT的解释增加了一种新的手段。从理论上研究了相位微分的性质 ,并将其应用于松辽盆地北部MT资料解释中 ,得出了A剖面的电性特征 ,确定了主要电性层的深度和电阻率。