我国水产品市场状况分析

文章分析了我国水产品市场的基本状况 ,认为目前我国水产品市场品种丰富 ,价格稳定。究其原因 ,主要是水产品流通体制的改革 ,水产品市场的开放 ,科技贡献率的提高 ,政府在渔业发展方向上的战略性调整和水产品对外贸易的快速发展。文章针对现阶段我国水产品市场存在的问题 ,特别是渔业资源及其生态环境破坏的负面影响及解决办法做了有益的探讨     

Mapping the permafrost stability on the Tibetan Plateau for 2005–2015

Data scarcity is a major obstacle for high-resolution mapping of permafrost on the Tibetan Plateau(TP).This study produces a new permafrost stability distribution map for the 2010 s(2005–2015)derived from the predicted mean annual ground temperature(MAGT)at a depth of zero annual amplitude(10–25 m)by integrating remotely sensed freezing degree-days and thawing degree-days,snow cover days,leaf area index,soil bulk density,high-accuracy soil moisture data,and in situ MAGT measurements from 237 boreholes on the TP by using an ensemble learning method that employs a support vector regression model based on distance-blocked resampled training data with 200 repetitions.Validation of the new permafrost map indicates that it is probably the most accurate of all currently available maps.This map shows that the total area of permafrost on the TP,excluding glaciers and lakes,is approximately 115.02(105.47–129.59)×10^4 km^2.The areas corresponding to the very stable,stable,semi-stable,transitional,and unstable types are 0.86×10^4,9.62×10^4,38.45×10^4,42.29×10^4,and 23.80×10^4 km^2,respectively.This new map is of fundamental importance for engineering planning and design,ecosystem management,and evaluation of the permafrost change in the future on the TP as a baseline.     

中国大陆黑碳气溶胶排放清单

The detailed high-resolution emission inventory of black carbon (BC) from China in the year 2000 was calculated. The latest fuel consumption data including fossil and biomass fuels, and socio-economic statistics used were obtained from government agencies, mostly at the county level, and some new emission factors (Efs) from local measurements were also used. National and regional summaries of emissions were presented at 0.2°×0.2°resolution. Total BC emission was 1499.4 Gg in 2000, mainly due to the burning of coal and biomass. The BC emission estimated here is higher than those in previous studies, mainly because the emissions from coal burning by rural industries and residences were previously underestimated. More BC aerosols were emitted from eastern China than western China. A strong seasonal dependence was observed for BC emissions, with peaks in January and December and low emissions in July and August; and this seasonality is mainly due to patterns in residential heating and the open burning of crop residues.     

试论"十五"期间我国地震地下流体前兆台网的优化与建设问题

根据我国地震地下流体前兆台网的现状、“九五”台站建设取得的进展与存在的问题,提出“十五”期间有关台网优化与建设方面的如下工作建议：（1）优化现有的台网;（2）完善与推广数字化观测技术,力争使经过数字化改造的台站数量由100个扩展到300个,实现数字化观测的台项由300个增加到10000个,基本实现我国流体前兆观测技术的现代化;（3）建设以地震监测与预测研究为目的前兆实验场。（4）建成地下流体学科技术中心;（5）建设重大工程的地震安全性监测系统。     

离石市近40年气候变化特征及趋势分析

离石市地处吕梁山脉中段,黄河一级支流———三川河中游,受地理位置和大气环流的共同影响,冬寒夏暑,春暖秋凉,四季分明,属典型大陆性季风气候。近百年来随着社会经济的快速发展,人类活动对自然环境的影响超过了以前的数百数千年,而环境、气候对人类的繁衍生存至关重要,气候变化     

L-Fuzzy集上(DG)Fuzzy积分特性

利用 L - Fuzzy集上 Fuzzyσ-代数和 Fuzzy测度的概念 ,将 (DG) Fuzzy积分推广到 L - Fuzzy集上。给出了这类对偶广义模糊积分的等价形式 ,讨论了积分的特性。特别是得到了这类对偶广义模糊积分的转化定理     

海南岛橡胶长势监测系统建设

以FY-3气象卫星数据为主,结合其它高分辨率遥感数据和地面数据源,基于橡胶专题信息提取、橡胶长序列植被指数集、长势监测评估建模技术方法,建设海南岛橡胶长势监测系统.建成的系统可为海南省天然橡胶种植区域橡胶长势变化的遥感动态监测提供数据、软件和技术支撑,为FY-3号气象卫星资料尽快应用到海南天然橡胶的气象服务中打下基础,也将大大提升气象服务保障国家战略物资天然橡胶生产安全的科技能力.     

Investigation on Snow Characteristics and Their Distribution in China

The background, scientific objective, investigation contents and scheme of project “Investigation on snow characteristics and their distribution in China” was introduced in this paper. The general objective of the investigation is to build comprehensive and systematic database of snow characteristics in China, at the service of providing data for the climate change, water resource and snow disaster studies. The investigation will be performed on the three fields including the compilation of historical data, in situ measurement of snow characteristics in the typical regions, and investigation of snow characteristics using remote sensing methods. For the compilation of historical data, the historical snow data from the meteorological stations and research institutes will be firstly collected, and then they will be compiled based on a standard rule. In situ observation will be performed at point, line and area-scale on the typical regions which include Northeast region, Xinjiang Degion, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The observation content will contain snow depth, snow density, snow water equivalent, snow particle shape, hardness of snowpack surface, liquid water content, grain size, snow temperature, snow/soil temperature, dielectric constant, and some chemical parameters. These snow characteristics are the priority information used for the modification of retrieval algorithm on snow parameters. Remote sensing methods will be used to build long-time series of snow cover, snow albedo and snow water equivalent datasets based on these modified algorithms. Finally, the snow characteristics from both in situ and remote sensing investigation will be used to classify snow types in China, and produce distribution maps of snow characteristic and other thematic maps.     

中天山造山作用的同位素年代分期

我们把近年来所获得的一些年龄数据以及前人已有的年龄数据与区域地层接触关系作了对比,发现二者有意想不到的一致性,据此将中天山造山作用划分为5期,年龄分别大约为452—439Ma,412—402Ma,355—345Ma,334—327Ma和315—289Ma。中生代还可能有3期构造热事件,年龄大约为226—200Ma,165—160Ma和83Ma,代表了中天山的后期演化。上述年龄数据主要是从中天山南缘断裂带构造岩中获得的,它与区域年龄一致,这说明沿中天山两条边界断裂的逆冲推覆可能是导致中天山造山带变形的基本方式和原因。