鄂尔多斯盆地东北部直罗组砂岩岩石学特征与铀矿化关系研究

该文通过薄片鉴定、扫描电镜等手段,结合分析化验数据,分别对鄂尔多斯盆地纳岭沟地段和大营地段直罗组下段 砂岩碎屑及填隙物的成分、含量及微观结构特征进行对比研究,确定微观特征差异并初步探讨差异原因,建立其与铀矿化 的关系。研究表明,纳岭沟地段与大营地段,在碎屑成分和填隙物方面均存在一定的差异。纳岭沟地段碎屑含量高,而胶 结物及粘土含量较低,这一方面表明纳岭沟地段相比大营地段更靠近物源,长石风化程度相对较低;另一方面,由于目的 层埋深不同而导致的成岩强度的差异也是造成岩石微观特征差异的重要原因。基于对含矿砂岩微观特征的研究,笔者认为 纳岭沟和大营地段与东胜皂火壕地段经历了基本相同的铀成矿作用,大致可分为早期主成矿和后期再改造两个阶段。造成 绿色调砂岩的主要原因是由于后期油气还原蚀变而形成的绿泥石。在成矿过程中,方解石与铀矿物的沉淀有着密切的联 系。这为下一阶段东胜西北部地区铀矿勘查预测提供了理论依据。     

江苏中部海岸潮沟形态对滩涂围垦的响应

根据2001-2013年江苏中部海岸的遥感影像和野外观测数据,对滩涂围垦影响下潮沟的形态演变过程进行分析。结果显示,研究区潮沟在大规模滩涂围垦影响下整体有明显的退化和消亡趋势,潮沟集水面积由2001年的293.94 km2逐渐降低到2013年的103.40 km2,潮沟长度随着其集水面积的缩减呈幂函数减小(R2=0.98),而潮沟宽度随着潮沟长度和集水面积的变小呈指数方式变窄(R2分别为0.87、0.93),总体上研究区每围垦1 km2滩涂,潮沟长度和宽度分别减小约2.60 km和0.67 m,在整个滩涂围垦过程中,落潮后期潮滩的主要排水方式逐渐由潮沟排水向滩面排水方式转变。江苏中部海岸潮沟形态在统计上具有多尺度分形结构,总体上研究区分纬值从大到小依次为潮沟分维值、各潮沟系统分维值、单支潮沟分维值。研究区潮沟的分维值(无标度区间25~210内)在滩涂围垦影响下呈波动性降低,由2001年的1.26逐渐降低到2013年的1.13,各潮沟系统的分维值随着其分汊个数减少呈线性降低(R2=0.89),各单支潮沟的分维值随着其蜿蜒性减小呈线性降低(R2=0.86)。根据潮沟的退化和消亡过程反推潮沟的起源和发育过程,本研究认为研究区最早出现的一类潮沟可能是陆源水流侵蚀型潮沟,而滩面水流冲刷型和潮流辐聚侵蚀型潮沟是随着潮滩淤积变宽过程逐渐发育的,其最初的发育形态可能是潮滩下部的冲刷凹地。     

2003年6月29日至7月2日淮河梅雨锋大暴雨过程诊断分析

对 2 0 0 3年 6月 2 9日至 7月 2日梅雨期淮河流域一次大暴雨过程进行了天气动力学诊断分析。结果表明 :这次大暴雨过程是在双阻型梅雨天气形势下发生的 ,梅雨锋锋区热力学特性和动力结构多变 ,一般具有斜压性结构 ,但有时又表现出准正压性结构 ;梅雨锋的维持和加强主要依赖于低空强西南暖湿气流在梅雨锋区的辐合抬升作用提供水汽和能量 ,强降雨区位于水汽通量大值区北侧强梯度区中。     

塔里木盆地英买力地区奥陶系储层特征及主控因素研究

塔里木盆地英买力地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩油气成藏条件优越.该地区一间房组和鹰山组为优质储层分布的主要层位,储层分布具明显差异性.通过岩心,薄片,测井及分析测试等资料对该地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层进行分析.结果表明,英买力地区一间房组岩性主要为滩相泥晶颗粒灰岩及亮晶颗粒灰岩,鹰山组岩性为泥晶灰岩和颗粒灰岩交互分布.储层储集空间以构造裂缝和孔洞为主,储层类型主要为孔洞-裂缝型和裂缝型.沉积相带控制了原始沉积的物质基础,构造作用、埋藏溶蚀连同大气淡水溶蚀等多种建设性成岩作用使研究区内台内滩储集体和礁滩储集体的连通性增强,储集空间增大,便于形成较好储层,溶蚀作用和构造运动是控制储层发育分布的关键因素.     

Heavy metals and rare earth elements (REEs) in soil from the Nam Co Basin,Tibetan Plateau

Twenty-eight soil samples collected from the Nam Co Basin, Tibetan Plateau, have been analyzed for heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb and Mn), arsenic (As) and rare earth elements (REEs). In addition, for establishing the basic physio-chemical characteristics of the soil, pH, total organic concentration, electrical conductivity, and effective cation exchange capacity were measured. The results indicate that soil in the Nam Co Basin is still at an early alkaline weathering stage (pH = 7.94). Mean concentrations of heavy metals and As decreased as follows: Mn > Cr > Zn > Pb > Ni > Cu > As > Cd. The values of Cd, Cr, As, Pb and REEs in soil from the Nam Co Basin are higher relative to averaged background values over China. The chondrite-normalized diagrams of REEs suggest high REE(ΣLa → Eu)—enrichment, HREE(ΣGd → Lu)—depletion and Eu—depletion. Vertical profiles indicate that both heavy metals (except As) and REEs primarily exist in the surface soil. However, heavy metals and REEs vary in the surface soil between the southern and the northern bank of Nam Co. These differences are controlled mainly by parent materials.     

重庆中坝遗址地层Na-Ca元素含量揭示的制盐业兴衰史

Based on dynastic period division and AMS ^14 C dating performed on the sedimentary layers at Zhongba and Yuxi sites,and also the analysis of Na,Ca and Mg of 201 sedimentary samples from Zhongba site and that of Ca and Na in 47 sedimentary samples from Yuxi by using an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry（ICP）,we found that there were 35 time periods when the contents of Ca and Na were reversely correlated,i.e.whenever the content of Ca was the highest,the content of Na was the lowest,and vice versa. Among them,there were 21 time periods when the content of Ca was the highest,and Na was the lowest,indicating that there were about 21 prosperous periods of ancient salt production at Zhongba site since 3000BC.Other 14 time periods with the peak values of Na while the low values of Ca indicate 14 declined periods of salt production at Zhongba site since 3000BC.The conclusion obtained from the reverse relationship between Ca and Na contents in this paper is consistent with that＂the salt production at Zhongba site started in the new stone age,developed in the Xia and Shang dynasties,reached at the heyday in periods from the Western Zhou to the Han Dynasties,maintained stable to develop in the Tang and the Song dynasties,and gradually declined after the Song Dynasty because the sea salt were conveyed into Sichuan region,however,still had production in the 1970s-1980s＂,educed from archeological exploration.All the above mentioned results indicate that there is a reverse relationship obviously between the contents of Na and Ca in sediments at Zhongba site for ancient salt production,which can be used to reveal the process of rise and decline of ancient salt industry at Zhongba site.     

Trace Elements in Olivines from the Giant Jinchuan Ni-Cu-(PGE) Deposit,NW China,and Its Geological Implication

The giant Jinchuan magmatic sulfide deposit in China is the third largest mining deposits in the world. Although many research have been done, there still exist some debates in the genesis of deposit. This study using the LA-IC-MS to obtain the trace elements concentrations of the olivine in order to discuss the mechanism of influence the element variability and illustrate the process of magmatism and ore-forming. The analytical results show that Ni, Co correlate negatively with Fo in the olivine, Mn/Fe is positively correlate with Fo, while Mn/Zn and Zn/Fe show no obvious correlation with Fo. The primitive mantle olivine-normalized trace element patterns of the Jinchuan olivine show that Jinchuan Ⅰ, Ⅱ intrusions have the same trace elements characteristics, which display negative Cr, V, Ni, Co and Ti anomalies and enrichment of Zr, Y, Ti, Sc and Ca. The multi-element patterns of the Jinchuan olivine imply same parental magma in the intrusion Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The spinel which cocrystallization with the olivine make it display negative Cr, V and Ti anomalies. The contents of Ni and Co in olivine are influenced by the process of sulfide segregation and the reaction between sulfide and olivine. The lower content of Cr and V in olivine of the intrusion Ⅱ compared with the intrusion Ⅰ imply that the parental magma of the intrusion Ⅱ was more evolved. Higher Mn/Zn (>13) ratios and lower Zn/Fe (<11) ratios indicate that the magma of Jinchuan intrusion likely originate from partial melting of peridotite mantle possibly, instead of pyroxene mantle sources.     

基于GIS的虚拟景观平台设计与实现

针对传统地理信息系统技术体系的局限,提出了集成地理信息系统、虚拟现实技术,以"图、文、数、声"一体化形式,向公众直观、形象、简洁、有趣地呈现了景观真实环境、多种交互方式和身临其境的用户体验,实现了动态3D场景展示和人机互动的虚拟景观平台,提升了地理信息系统的应用服务水平。研究结果为虚拟景观建设提供了可借鉴的技术手段,促进了地理信息技术和虚拟现实技术的结合。     

山东省济宁市历史遗留露天矿山地质环境治理规划研究

矿山地质环境是生态环境的重要组成部分,历史遗留露天矿山地质环境恢复治理工作日益紧迫。本文在查明山东省济宁市历史遗留露天矿山分布、地质环境问题的类型及特征、已开展工程采取的治理措施及存在问题等的基础上,结合城镇、交通、河流、自然保护区等国土空间及生态保护格局,着力构建“一核、一带、两片区”矿山修复总体布局。提出因地制宜选择植被修复措施,设计阶段应重视养护和管护措施的提出和制定,积极吸引社会资金等建议。     

Talc-beating serpentinized peridotites from the southern Mariana forearc： implications for aseismic character within subduction zones

The serpentinized peridotites overlying the subducted zones in the Izu-Bonin-Mariana (IBM) arc system have been interpret as the cause of the low-velocity layer identified beneath the IBM froearc, in turn few earthquakes occurred along the plate boundary. Chrysotile, which is a low temperature and highly hydrated phase of serpentine with low frictional strength, has been suggested as the low velocity material in the serpentinized peridotites, besides, brucite is inferred to be likely conducive to stable sliding. However, such idea encounters challenging in our serpentinized peridotites from the southern Mariana forearc, which absent both the above minerals. The presence of talc, which characterized by its weak, low-friction and inherently stable sliding behavior, provides new clue. Here we report the occurrence of talc in serpentinized peridotites collected from the landward trench slope of the southern Mariana forearc. We infer that talc is mainly forming as a result of the reaction of serpentine minerals with silica-saturated fluids released from the subducting slab, and talc also occurs as talc veins sometimes. Due to its unique physical properties, talc may therefore play a significant role in aseismic slip in the IBM subduction zone.