陕西高陵4．4级地震期间形变异常分析

2009年11月5日,陕西省高陵县发生了Ms4．4级地震,震前1周陕西形变资料出现多台项的短临异常。对异常特征和震源机制展开分析,结果显示：①异常幅度与震中距成反比;②异常方向和台项分布与震源机制相吻合。     

云南腾冲青海湖泊沉积物物化参数的特点、环境意义及末次冰消期以来气候环境变化

根据对云南腾冲青海湖泊沉积钻孔样品的粒度特征、总有机碳、碳酸盐、磁化率及年代学分析测试, 探讨了各指标的变化特点及其环境指示意义, 指出了云南高原湖泊沉积物化指标的特殊性及其变化特点。在此基础上, 重建了云南腾冲地区末次冰消期(15830a B.P.)以来沉积环境与气候干湿变化历史。通过青海沉积物年代序列的重建和综合各物化参数分析得出, 云南腾冲地区自15830a B.P.以来总体呈现冷湿-温湿-暖干-温和偏干的气候演变过程, 并可分为4个阶段, 即15830~12790a B.P.气候温凉偏湿; 12790~4680a B.P.为温暖湿润期, 湖泊水位高, 气候湿暖, 降水多; 4680~312a B.P.气候特征呈现出从温湿到暖干气候逐渐演化, 降水减少, 湖泊水位下降; 312a B.P.以来气候特征为前期温和湿润, 后期具有暖干化特征, 反映了近几十年来全球气候变暖导致的气候变化趋势并叠加了研究区人类活动对区域环境的影响。     

中国大修侧钻技术的发展与创新

在回顾我国大修侧钻技术发展历史的基础上，立足于大修偶侧钻技术现状，展望了21世纪我国修井技术的发展趋势。     

S－闭空间上的函数

研究了当Ｘ为Ｓ－闭空间时，Ｃ（Ｘ）的子集Ｆ为紧的充要条件，从而扩充了著名的Ａｓｃｏｌｉ定理。     

Nitrogen Budget in Recirculating Aquaculture and Water Exchange Systems for Culturing <Emphasis Type="Italic">Litopenaeus vannamei</Emphasis>

In order to investigate the culture characteristics of two indoor intensive Litopenaeus vannamei farming modes, recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and water exchange system (WES), this study was carried out to analyze the water quality and nitrogen budget including various forms of nitrogen, microorganism and chlorophyll-a. Nitrogen budget was calculated based on feed input, shrimp harvest, water quality and renewal rate, and collection of bottom mud. Input nitrogen retained in shrimp was 23.58% and 19.10% respectively for WES and RAS, and most of nitrogen waste retained in water and bottom mud. In addition, most of nitrogen in the water of WES was TAN (21.32%) and nitrite (15.30%), while in RAS was nitrate (25.97%), which means that more than 76% of ammonia and nitrite were removed. The effect of microalgae in RAS and WES was negligible. However, bacteria played a great role in the culture system considering the highest cultivable cultivable bacterial populations in RAS and WES were 1.03×10¹⁰ cfu mL^?1 and 2.92×10⁹ cfu mL^?1, respectively. Meanwhile the proportion of bacteria in nitrogen budget was 29.61% and 24.61% in RAS and WES, respectively. RAS and WES could realize shrimp high stocking culture with water consuming rate of 1.25 m³ per kg shrimp and 3.89 m³ per kg shrimp, and power consuming rates of 3.60 kw h per kg shrimp and 2.51 kw h per kg shrimp, respectively. This study revealed the aquatic environment and nitrogen budget of intensive shrimp farming in detail, which provided the scientific basis for improving the industrial shrimp farming.     

地理信息网络服务的发展研究

随着体系结构、软件层次和自身需求的变化,GIS逐步发展为地理信息网络服务并得到迅速的推广.从标准化、语义化和3维化的角度总结了当前地理信息服务的发展状态,并指出下一代地理信息网络服务必然是基于以上三者的能够实现主动服务和统一多维服务的新一代地理信息服务.     

基于CODE GIM的震前电离层TEC异常分析

利用CODE GIM数据分析了2008年5月12日汶川地震和2010年4月14日青海玉树地震震前电离层TEC变化。以震前10天TEC中位数为基准,1.5倍标准差为误差限值,并考虑相应时期的太阳和地磁活动水平（Dst指数和Kp指数）,对震前电离层异常的分布进行了分析。结果表明,两次地震震前几天内都有TEC异常出现。     

A landscape pattern analysis method based on boundaries and nodes: A case study in upper Minjiang River, China

Traditionally,patch-based analysis at the landscape scale fragmentation has been used in the study of landscape ecology while the study of boundary and node has not been considered as much detail until recently.This study investigated the possibility of applying boundary-and node-based methods in landscape pattern analysis to the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in the southwestern China.Boundary-based and node-based landscape indices were selected to be used in analyzing changes in landscape patterns,and the results were compared with analysis using traditional pattern indices.We compared the responses of patch-area-based,boundary-length-based and node-number-based indices,and concluded that boundary-based and node-based indices are more sensitive to disturbance than patch-based indices with various patterns,and node-based indices are even more sensitive than boundary-based ones.Thus,the results suggest that boundary-based and node-based pattern analysis methods provide helpful supplementary information to traditional patch-based pattern analysis methods.The results about pattern dynamics of landscapes in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River based on boundaries and nodes showed that with human disturbance,the dominance of forest landscape was weakened by other landscape types; thus the landscape pattern of the study area became more homogeneous and the boundary network became more complex.These changes further augmented disturbance interfaces in the landscape and increased the possibilities of further landscape fragmentation.     

Higher species diversity occurs in more fertile habitats without fertilizer disturbance in an alpine natural grassland community

Are there some relationships among species diversity and soil chemical properties of high altitude natural grasslands？ Plant community composition and chemical properties of soil samples were compared to investigate the relationship between soil and species diversity, and the richness in Tibetan alpine grasslands. Results showed that species diversity was significantly positively related to soil organic matter （SOM）, total nitrogen （TN）, available nitrogen （AN）, total phosphorus （TP）, available phosphorus （AP）, and available potassium （AK） in the high alpine grasslands. Margalefs species richness index was also significantly positively related to SOM, TN, AN, and TP. Most soil chemical properties showed significantly positive correlation with species diversity and Margalef＇s richness index. Our results suggested that higher plant species richness index and diversity occurred in more fertile soil habitats in high altitude natural grassland community. In practice, fertilization management for the restoration of degraded grassland should be conducted with reference to the nutrient levels ofnatural grassland without the additional artificial fertilizer and with higher species-diversity and richness index.     

Pb distribution and translocation in Jiaozhou Bay

The trends of distribution, translocation and seasonal change of heavy metal Pb were studied based on the surface and bottom water sampling in Jiaozhou Bay in 1979, and compared with those in 1990＇s. The results showed that the source of Pb in the bay was from wastewater and sewage in the east of Jiaozhou Bay from ocean vessels. Pb concentration was higher in spring and lower in summer and autumn, and remained stable through sedimentation in the bottom layer. The overall water quality was good in 1970＇s. Compared with the environmental monitoring data of 1995-1999, Pb pollution had become serious. Therefore, more efforts should be made to protect the bay from Pb pollution.