Complete nuclear ribosomal DNA sequence amplification and molecular analyses of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bangia</Emphasis> (Bangiales,Rhodophyta) from China

Filamentous Bangia, which are distributed extensively throughout the world, have simple and similar morphological characteristics. Scientists can classify these organisms using molecular markers in combination with morphology. We successfully sequenced the complete nuclear ribosomal DNA, approximately 13 kb in length, from a marine Bangia population. We further analyzed the small subunit ribosomal DNA gene (nrSSU) and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence regions along with nine other marine, and two freshwater Bangia samples from China. Pairwise distances of the nrSSU and 5.8S ribosomal DNA gene sequences show the marine samples grouping together with low divergences (00.003; 0–0.006, respectively) from each other, but high divergences (0.123–0.126; 0.198, respectively) from freshwater samples. An exception is the marine sample collected from Weihai, which shows high divergence from both other marine samples (0.063–0.065; 0.129, respectively) and the freshwater samples (0.097; 0.120, respectively). A maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on a combined SSU-ITS dataset with maximum likelihood method shows the samples divided into three clades, with the two marine sample clades containing Bangia spp. from North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia; and one freshwater clade, containing Bangia atropurpurea from North America and China.     

郑洛地区史前聚落分布特征的空间自相关分析

针对郑洛地区史前聚落遗址点的空间分布特征的问题,该文提出了一种空间自相关分析方法,以不同的格网尺度研究郑洛地区4个文化时期的遗址点的空间分布特征。研究发现:5 000~12 000m的格网尺度最能表现出裴李岗文化时期、仰韶文化前期、仰韶文化后期和龙山文化时期这4个文化时期全局自相关的差异。从局部自相关所表现出的变化情况来看,6 000~10 000m这一范围的格网尺度是最能保留住郑洛地区这4个文化时期遗址点的空间分布特征。将空间自相关分析应用于史前聚落考古研究中,可以探讨史前聚落考古中遗址点的空间分布模式及其变化。这不仅为史前聚落考古提供了一种新的思维方式,也扩展了史前聚落考古理论方面的研究。     

Seasonal and interannual variability of oceanic carbon cycling in the western and central tropical-subtropical pacific: A physical-biogeochemical modeling study

The oceanic carbon cycle in the tropical-subtropical Pacific is strongly affected by various physical processes with different temporal and spatial scales, yet the mechanisms that regulate air-sea CO₂ flux are not fully understood due to the paucity of both measurement and modeling. Using a 3-D physical-biogeochemical model, we simulate the partial pressure of CO₂ in surface water (pCO_2sea) and air-sea CO₂ flux in the tropical and subtropical regions from 1990 to 2004. The model reproduces well the observed spatial differences in physical and biogeochemical processes, such as: (1) relatively higher sea surface temperature (SST), and lower dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and pCO_2sea in the western than in the central tropical-subtropical Pacific, and (2) predominantly seasonal and interannual variations in the subtropical and tropical Pacific, respectively. Our model results suggest a non-negligible contribution of the wind variability to that of the air-sea CO₂ flux in the central tropical Pacific, but the modeled contribution of 7% is much less than that from a previous modeling study (30%; McKinley et al., 2004). While DIC increases in the entire region SST increases in the subtropical and western tropical Pacific but decreases in the central tropical Pacific from 1990 to 2004. As a result, the interannual pCO_2sea variability is different in different regions. The pCO_2sea temporal variation is found to be primarily controlled by SST and DIC, although the role of salinity and total alkalinity, both of which also control pCO_2sea, need to be elucidated by long-term observations and eddy-permitting models for better estimation of the interannual variability of air-sea CO₂ flux.     

基于资源02C卫星山东省典型岩矿解译标志的建立

以遥感影像作为调查基础时,要确保调查的速度和质量,就必须提高影像解译精度,因此,建立准确、综合的解译标志非常重要。该文以山东省矿产勘查开采遥感动态监测项目为例,讲述了建立典型岩矿遥感解译标志的技术过程。不但对山东省矿山遥感监测具有直接的指导作用,而且对于其他省区乃至全国矿山遥感监测具有影像特征的样本价值和指导意义。     

Neutron activation studies of the geochemical behaviours of 26 elements in deep-sea drill core sediments from the Indian Ocean

The geochemical behaviours of 26 elements in deep-sea drill core sediments from the Indian Ocean have been investigated with INAA, including Na, K, Ca, Sc, Cr, Fe, Co, Rb, Sr, Zr, Sb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, Au, Th and U. Their distribution patterns with depth are also discussed. In terms of the enrichment factors of the respective elements, their residence times in the sea have been calculated by the least squares fitting and are compared with the previous results.     

河北省峪耳崖金矿床地质地球化学特征

本文从地质地球化学角度对峪耳崖金矿床进行了详细研究,认为该金矿是典型的岩浆热浪型脉状金矿床,金矿与峪耳崖花岗岩(即矿床的主要围岩)为同源岩浆作用的产物,而其源岩物质可能来自深部地壳。黄铁矿中Co/Ni比为1.58,石英中La/Yb比为2.95,δ~(34)S_∑为+2.6‰,δ~(13)O水为+7.03‰,δD为-88.4‰,δ~(13)C为-4.18‰,成矿温度为305～343℃,pH为6.2～6.8,石英包裹体成分中Cl~->F~-、Na~+>K~+,金可能是以Na[AuCl_2],Na[Aucl_4]或Na[AuS]等络合物形式迁移。     

应力波在波阻抗连续变化的弹性杆中的演化

利用特征线方法数值模拟计算了应力波在截面或弹性模量连续变化的弹性杆中的反射,同时也讨论了应力波脉冲宽度对反射波波形特征的影响,其结果对桩基测量有一定的参考价值。     

钒金试剂Ⅱ为指示剂钒酸铵滴定法测定岩石矿物中微量金

本文用作者合成的新试剂－钒金试剂Ⅱ做指示剂钒酸铵滴定法测定岩石矿物中微量金，终点明显，操作简便，测金量范围很宽，而且灵敏度很高。岩石矿物经王水－磷酸溶解，聚氨酯泡塑富集分离后，Ａｕ（Ⅲ）在硫磷混酸介质中经Ⅰ－还原至ＡｕＩ４３－，以钒金试剂Ⅱ为指示剂，钒酸铵滴定ＡｕＩ４３－中络合的Ⅰ－到溶液出现紫红色为终点。试样中测金范围在０．０００００１—１００μｇ／ｇ，相应测定的相对标准偏差在１４．３％－１．６９％。检出限为０．２ｐｇ／６ｍｌ。     

泥湾门大桥浅海大直径嵌岩桩施工技术

介绍了在浅海施工直径２．２０ｍ嵌岩桩的技术问题。包括平台的搭设，用刮刀钻头与牙轮钻头钻进克取硬岩一次成孔工艺，利用冲洗液平衡原理处理浅海钻进护简断裂的成孔方法，改进浇灌清孔流程，保证浇灌质量。     

地质时期生物与自然协调演化及化石燃料资源的分布规律

从更广泛和较高的层次对地质时期地球表层的生命活动和环境变化进行多学科的综合性研究，在全球系统分析的基础上为“协调人类与自然关系”的战略主题提供决策依据。以高分辨率地层学框架的研究的基础，综合多种学科对事件、间事件及其载体和介质的定量研究，为生物与环境的耦合机制的认识及有关模式的建立提供科学依据。化石燃料作为事件产物，其分布规律亦为重要研究内容之一。