全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6585篇 |
免费 | 354篇 |
国内免费 | 48篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 185篇 |
大气科学 | 484篇 |
地球物理 | 2365篇 |
地质学 | 2272篇 |
海洋学 | 484篇 |
天文学 | 847篇 |
综合类 | 37篇 |
自然地理 | 313篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 28篇 |
2022年 | 61篇 |
2021年 | 132篇 |
2020年 | 141篇 |
2019年 | 109篇 |
2018年 | 285篇 |
2017年 | 274篇 |
2016年 | 415篇 |
2015年 | 301篇 |
2014年 | 359篇 |
2013年 | 432篇 |
2012年 | 354篇 |
2011年 | 392篇 |
2010年 | 335篇 |
2009年 | 350篇 |
2008年 | 301篇 |
2007年 | 222篇 |
2006年 | 223篇 |
2005年 | 167篇 |
2004年 | 186篇 |
2003年 | 155篇 |
2002年 | 129篇 |
2001年 | 116篇 |
2000年 | 79篇 |
1999年 | 84篇 |
1998年 | 106篇 |
1997年 | 71篇 |
1996年 | 51篇 |
1995年 | 54篇 |
1994年 | 59篇 |
1993年 | 43篇 |
1992年 | 48篇 |
1991年 | 56篇 |
1990年 | 67篇 |
1989年 | 46篇 |
1988年 | 30篇 |
1987年 | 37篇 |
1986年 | 41篇 |
1984年 | 40篇 |
1983年 | 32篇 |
1982年 | 33篇 |
1981年 | 32篇 |
1980年 | 27篇 |
1979年 | 29篇 |
1978年 | 28篇 |
1977年 | 27篇 |
1976年 | 28篇 |
1974年 | 31篇 |
1973年 | 34篇 |
1971年 | 43篇 |
排序方式: 共有6987条查询结果,搜索用时 203 毫秒
51.
52.
The Neogene is the period in which the Betic Cordillera, the Rif, and the Alboran Sea acquired their present configuration. The Neogene sediments of the Betic Internal Zones (located directly to the North of the Alboran Sea) show the effects of important periods of deformation. Deposition was clearly controlled by tectonics. Therefore the generation, evolution, and total or partial destruction of basins and the formation of new, often superimposed, basins are common phenomena, according to the locations of the basins in the Betic Cordillera and to the different geodynamic situations. 相似文献
53.
54.
Palynological characterization of the pollen assemblages from core ZV-01 offers a reliable age record of shallow ‘gas seal’
and ‘gas reservoir’ sediments from the Ría de Vigo (NW Spain). Gassy sediments show a direct correspondence with the palynological
assemblage zones (LPAZ) 2, 3 and 4, which range in age from 950 to 1510 a.d. for the interval 81–176 cm where gas is found. The facies acting as a seal would correspond to the sedimentation in the ria
starting from 1510 a.d. These assemblages also provide significant data which make it possible to reconstruct the palaeoenvironmental changes recorded
in the sedimentary infill of the Ría de Vigo. The gassy horizon corresponds to the phase when riparian and mesophilous forest
were better represented. This coincides with a relative high abundance of Lingulodinium machaerophorum, which indicates that the waters of the ria had been less renewed by oceanic waters and had a plentiful supply of continental
nutrients. At that time, anoxic conditions resulted from restricted vertical circulation of seawater and/or high biological
productivity. The dinocyst assemblages overlying and underlying the gassy horizon in core ZV-01 are clearly different from
those concomitant with the accumulation of the gassy sediments. This suggests that oceanographic conditions in the Ría de
Vigo may have changed several times during the time interval covered by our record. The weaker relationship between L. machaerophorum/Spiniferites spp., and simultaneous significant increases in Impagidinium spp. and Bitectatodinium tepikiense may indicate a greater intrusion of colder, more oceanic waters into the Ría de Vigo, which may have provoked intensification
in upwelling during two periods, ca. 700–850 a.d. and ca. 1500–1750 a.d. 相似文献
55.
Jue Lin-Ye Begoña Pérez-Gómez Enrique Álvarez-Fanjul Javier García-Valdecasas 《Marine Geodesy》2020,43(5):509-539
AbstractThe sea level station operating since 1996 at Mazagón (Huelva, Spain) has been progressively upgraded to fit tsunami warning requirements, due to its location in one of the main regions at risk. Its radar water level sensor was complemented in 2017, with the addition of a pressure sensor. The performance of both sea level sensors and their response to sea level oscillations, at different frequencies, is assessed. Particular emphasis is put on the effect of extreme events, such as Storm Emma, when alternative methods to obtain 1-min data are tested, in contrast to the one based on arithmetic means. The overall differences are small, for the whole period of study (centered-root-mean-square-error below 1?cm, for 5-min, and hourly data; similar tidal parameters and sea level oscillations with periods between 30?s and 5?min). However, during Storm Emma, the pressure sensor presents sensibly lower readings than the radar, with the centered-root-mean-square-error rising to 80?mm on the March 2nd 2018. A new method to compute 1-min data, based on medians, reduced this value to 10?mm for the same day. 相似文献
56.
Manuel Varela Ricardo Prego Yolanda Pazos ngeles Moroo 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2005,64(4):721-737
The first oceanographic research (hydrography, nutrient salts, chlorophyll, primary production and phytoplankton assemblages) in a Middle Galician Ria was carried out in Corme-Laxe during 2001, just a year before the Prestige oil spill, being the only reference to evaluate eventual changes in the phytoplankton community. Due to the small size of this ria (6.5 km2), oceanographic processes were driven by the continental water supplied by Anllons River during the wet season (20–30 m3 s−1 in winter), and the strong oceanic influence from the nearby shelf during the dry season. The annual cycle showed a spring bloom with high levels of chlorophyll (up to 14 μg Chl-a L−1) and primary production (3 g C m−2 d−1) and a summer upwelling bloom (up to 8 μg Chl-a L−1 and 10 g C m−2 d−1) where the proximity of the Galician upwelling core (<13.5 °C at sea surface) favors the input of upwelled seawater (up to 9 μM of nitrate and silicate) to the bottom ria layer, even during summer stratification events (primary production around 2 g C m−2 d−1). Thus, phytoplankton assemblages form a “continuum” from spring to autumn with a predominance of diatoms and overlapping species between consecutive periods; only in autumn dinoflagellates and flagellates characterized the phytoplankton community. In the Middle Rias as Corme-Laxe, the nutrient values, Chl-a, primary production and phytoplankton abundance for productive periods were higher than those reported for the Northern (Ria of A Coruña) and Southern Rias (Ria of Arousa) for year 2001; this suggests the importance of the hydrographic events occurring in the zone of maximum upwelling intensity of the Western Iberian Shelf, where a lack of annual cycles studies exists. 相似文献
57.
Newark Bay (NB) killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) have been chronically exposed to environmental contaminants that activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and are tolerant to toxic effects and CYP1A induction provoked by AHR ligands. Resistance to CYP1A induction could be due to an epigenetic mechanism such as DNA methylation. We measured in-ovo CYP1A catalytic activity (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, EROD) in NB and reference site killifish embryos aqueously exposed to various concentrations of the de-methylating agent 5-azacytidine, 5-AC (5, 50 and 500 μ(micro)M) with or without 0.2 μ(micro)g/l of the CYP1A inducer 3,3′,4,4′,5 pentachlorobiphenyl (IUPAC PCB126). Neither PCB126 alone, nor PCB126 plus 5-AC, induced EROD above levels in vehicle treated Newark Bay fish. In reference site fish, the same PCB126 dose provoked a 7.4-fold EROD induction relative to controls. We conclude that Newark Bay killifish are resistant to CYP1A induction by co-planar PCBs during early embryological development and our data suggests that DNA methylation does not play a critical role in resistance to CYP1A induction in this model. 相似文献
58.
Short-Term Benthic Recolonization after Dredging in the Harbour of Ceuta, North Africa 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Abstract. The benthic recovery after dredging (area: 2625 m2) was studied in a polluted and enclosed area of the harbour of Ceuta, in which the recolonization through the water column (larvae and adult bedload transport) could be limited by the lack of renewal. The benthos was sampled at two sites (control and dredged) using a van Veen grab and adopting a BACI (Before, After, Control, Impacted) approach. Five samplings were conducted after dredging (3, 15, 30, 90, 180 days). The proportion of gravel in the sediment of the dredged site increased after dredging, while the organic matter decreased. The impact on the community was estimated at species level, using both univariate and multivariate analyses. The maximum negative effect on benthic macrofauna was a reduction by 65% for species richness (15 days after dredging) and by 75% for abundance (3 days after dredging). Between 15 and 30 days after dredging, the abundance of some species such as the molluscs Parvicardium exiguum and Retusa obtusa and the polychaete Pseudomalacoceros tridentata increased considerably in the dredged site, while typical ‘opportunistic’ species such as Capitella capitata were disfavoured by the disturbance. For this small‐scale dredging, about 6 months are required for the disturbed area to re‐establish a sediment structure and a macrobenthic community similar to the undisturbed area. Small‐patch dredging operations are proposed in harbour management whenever possible, since they allow a quick re‐adjustment of the initial sediment structure and benthic communities. 相似文献
59.
Gas hydrate disturbance fabrics of southern Hydrate Ridge sediments (ODP Leg 204): Relationship with texture and physical properties 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Elena Piñero Eulàlia Gràcia Francisca Martínez-Ruiz Juan Cruz Larrasoaña Alexis Vizcaino Gemma Ercilla 《Geo-Marine Letters》2007,27(2-4):279-288
Soupy and mousse-like fabrics are disturbance sedimentary features that result from the dissociation of gas hydrate, a process
that releases water. During the core retrieval process, soupy and mousse-like fabrics are produced in the gas hydrate-bearing
sediments due to changes in pressure and temperature conditions. Therefore, the identification of soupy and mousse-like fabrics
can be used as a proxy for the presence of gas hydrate in addition to other evidence, such as pore water freshening or anomalously
cool temperature. We present here grain-size results, mineralogical composition and magnetic susceptibility data of soupy
and mousse-like samples from the southern Hydrate Ridge (Cascadia accretionary complex) acquired during Leg 204 of the Ocean
Drilling Program. In order to study the relationship between sedimentary texture and the presence of gas hydrates, we have
compared these results with the main textural and compositional data available from the same area. Most of the disturbed analyzed
samples from the summit and the western flank of southern Hydrate Ridge show a mean grain size coarser than the average mean
grain size of the hemipelagic samples from the same area. The depositional features of the sediments are not recognised due
to disturbance. However, their granulometric statistical parameters and distribution curves, and magnetic susceptibility logs
indicate that they correspond to a turbidite facies. These results suggest that gas hydrates in the southern Hydrate Ridge
could form preferentially in coarser grain-size layers that could act as conduits feeding gas from below the BSR. Two samples
from the uppermost metres near the seafloor at the summit of the southern Hydrate Ridge show a finer mean grain-size value
than the average of hemipelagic samples. They were located where the highest amount of gas hydrates was detected, suggesting
that in this area the availability of methane gas was high enough to generate gas hydrates, even within low-permeability layers.
The mineralogical composition of the soupy and mousse-like sediments does not show any specific characteristic with respect
to the other samples from the southern Hydrate Ridge. 相似文献
60.
J. Acosta E. Uchupi A. Muñoz P. Herranz C. Palomo M. Ballesteros 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2003,24(1-2):1-40
In this paper we discuss the results of a swath bathymetric investigation of the Canary archipelago offshore area. These new
data indicate that volcanism is pervasive throughout the seafloor in the region, much more that would be suggested by the
islands. We have mapped tens of volcanic edifices between Fuerteventura and Gran Canaria and offshore Tenerife, La Gomera,
El Hierro and La Palma. Volcanic flows are present between Tenerife and La Gomera and salic necks dominate the eastern insular
slope of La Gomera. This bathymetry also supports land geologic studies that indicate that the oceanic archipelago has acquired
its present morphology in part by mass wasting, a consequence of the collapse of the volcanic edifices. In the younger islands,
Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro, the Quaternary (1.2 to 0.15 Ma) debris avalanches are readily recognizable and can be traced
offshore for distances measured in tens of km. Off the older islands, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria and La Gomera
(<20 to 3.5 Ma), the avalanches have been obscured by subsequent turbidity current deposition and erosion as well as hemipelagic
processes. The failure offshore western Lanzarote is in the form of a ramp at the base of the insular slope bound on the seaward
side by a scarp. Its size and the lack of evidence of rotation along its landwards side precludes the possibility that it
is a slump. It probably represents a slide whose outer scarp is caused by break-up of the slide. Mounds on the ramp’s surface
may represent post-displacement volcanic structures or exotic blocks transported to their present locations by the slide.
The failures offshore Fuerteventura are so large that, although they occurred in the Miocene-Pliocene, exotic blocks displaced
from upslope are still recognizable in the insular margin morphology. The Canary Island insular margin appears to be a creation
of Miocene-Pliocene mass wasting and more recent turbidity current deposition and erosion, and hemilepagic deposition. Failures
offshore La Gomera are due to debris flows and/or turbidity currents. These events have obscured earlier mass wasting events.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献