Warming and depth convergence of the Arctic Intermediate Water in the Canada Basin during 1985-2006

The warming of the Arctic Intermediate Water (AIW) is studied based on the analyses of hydrographic observations in the Canada Basin of the Arctic Ocean during 1985-2006. It is shown that how the anomalously warm AIW spreads in the Canada Basin during the observation time through the analysis of the AIW temperature spatial distribution in different periods. The results indicate that by 2006, the entire Canada Basin has almost been covered by the warming AIW. In order to study interannual variability of the AIW in the Canada Basin, the Canada Basin is divided into five regions according to the bottom topography. From the interannual variation of AIW temperature in each region, it is shown that a cooling period follows after the warming event in upstream regions. At the Chukchi Abyssal Plain and Chukchi Plateau, upstream of the Arctic Circumpolar Boundary Current (ACBC) in the Canada Basin, the AIW temperature reached maximum and then started to fall respectively in 2000 and 2002. However, the AIW in the Canada Abyssal Plain and Beaufort Sea continues to warm monotonically until the year 2006. Furthermore, it is revealed that there is convergence of the AIW depth in the five different regions of the Canada Basin when the AIW warming occurs during observation time. The difference of AIW depth between the five regions of the Canada Basin is getting smaller and smaller, all approaching 410 m in recent years. The results show that depth convergence is related to the variation of AIW potential density in the Canada Basin.     

中国沿海地区海洋交通运输业能源消耗驱动因素的时空差异特征

海洋交通运输业是海洋经济发展的支柱型产业,也是消耗能源最多的海洋产业之一,节能减排对推进海洋交通运输业的绿色高质量发展具有重要意义。为研究海洋交通运输业能源消耗的驱动因素,文章构建模型计算2001-2017年中国沿海地区海洋交通运输业的运输周转量、能源消耗量和产业增加值;建立LMDI分解模型,分析能源强度效应、运输效率效应和产业规模效应对海洋交通运输业能源消耗的影响。研究结果表明：能源强度对能源消耗的影响较小,运输效率是能源消耗降低的主要驱动因素,产业规模是能源消耗增长的主要驱动因素;在时间差异上,能源强度效应呈波动状态,运输效率对能源消耗降低的驱动作用以及产业规模对能源消耗增长的驱动作用均逐渐增强;在空间差异上,总体上由北向南,能源强度对能源消耗增长的抵消作用逐渐增强,运输效率对能源消耗降低的驱动作用逐渐减弱,产业规模对能源消耗增长的驱动作用逐渐增强。     

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷C洼烃源岩热史及成熟史模拟

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷C洼流沙港组烃源岩热史及成熟史研究,对C洼深水油气勘探具有指导意义。在恢复涠西南凹陷C洼地史和热史的基础上,利用EASY%Ro模型计算了流沙港组烃源岩的成熟度史。研究结果表明,在涠西南凹陷发展的裂陷阶段初始期热流值较高,最大值约为77mW/m2,其后热流值逐渐减小,现今热流值约为54mW/m2;涠西南凹陷C洼流沙港组烃源岩开始生烃(Ro=0.5%)时间为51MaBP,达到生烃高峰(Ro=1%)时间为42MaBP,达到高成熟演化阶段(Ro=1.3%)时间为17MaBP;对比涠1井流沙港组烃源岩演化特征,处于C洼深水勘探区的流沙港组烃源岩成熟度较高,生烃能力较强,拥有广阔的油气勘探前景。     

海产鱼类中异尖线虫酶消化检测技术的研究与应用

以3种海鱼(牙鲆、狭鳕、鲱鱼)为样本,针对海产品中主要的致病性寄生虫-异尖线虫,开展了酶消化检测技术的研究.根据鱼肉消化前后干物质的质量变化设计了胃蛋白酶消化效率的计算方法,并按照鱼肉:消化液＝1:10 (g/mL)的反应比例,分别确定了酶水解鱼肉的最佳条件为:初始pH值为1.1,温度为37 ℃,酶活力为8 U/mL左右;消化后所得的虫体采用多重PCR方法替代传统的形态学观察进行种属鉴定,从而初步建立了基于酶水解-多重PCR的异尖线虫的酶消化检测体系.实际样本检测表明,该技术可以较为准确、快速地用于海产鱼类中简单异尖线虫(Anisakis simplex)和伪地新线虫(Pseudoterranova decipiens)的确证性检测.     

海量多波束数据抽稀方法的比对分析

针对构建海底DEM高效率、高精确度的要求,对比分析了海量多波束水深数据的抽稀方法。利用格网分块结构高效组织海量多波束水深数据,分别采用三种数学模型内插网格节点水深值,实现了不同网格尺度下的数据抽稀。实验证明:所提分块索引策略能提高多波束数据抽稀效率;距离加权内插模型能有效提高海底DEM模型的准确度。     

机载激光测深系统椭圆扫描轨迹及覆盖情况分析

以国内外两种典型机载激光测深系统CZMIL和LADM-II为研究对象,介绍了两种系统的扫描机械结构,并针对椭圆扫描构建了激光点云轨迹模型,采用模拟计算、图形仿真和统计分析等方法对比了两种系统的点云分布及覆盖情况。实验结果能为工程应用中测线布设和改善我国机载激光测深系统设计提供参考。     

卫星导航欺骗干扰技术研究进展

在卫星导航应用越来越重视对抗与防护的背景下,梳理了卫星导航欺骗干扰技术的发展现状。讨论了欺骗干扰的原理和分类,介绍了欺骗干扰对接收机的影响、转发式欺骗干扰定位模型、新型渐变自同步欺骗干扰三个方向的研究进展,最后展望了卫星导航欺骗干扰技术下一步的发展方向。     

Microbial diversity in the sediments of the southern Mariana Trench

Microbial diversity in the abyssal sediments beneath the seafloor of 30,94,and 151cm near the southern end of the Mariana Trench was analyzed in the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform.Results show that the microbial populations were dominated by bacteria but merely no archaea were identifi ed at the three depths.In the bacterial community,Proteobacteria and Firmicutes dominated the total taxon tags,followed by Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Planctomycetes,Cyanobacteria,and Chloroflexi,which together account for over 99%of the total population.Similar to that in the seawater in the trench,the operational taxonomic units(OTUs)belonging to Gammaproteobacteria from the sediment samples showed high abundance.However,common bacterial OTUs in the water of the trench including Nitrospirae and Marinimicrobia were hardly found in the sediments from the southern Mariana Trench or the hadal region.Therefore,this study documented for the first time the compositions of microbial diversity in the trench sediments,revealed the difference in microbial diversity in water and sediment of the trench and will enrich the knowledge on the microbial diversity in the abyssal areas.     

Comparative study of otolith and sulcus morphology for stock discrimination of yellow drum along the Chinese coast

Otolith morphology is widely used for fish stock identification. The sulcus, a structure on the medial side of the otolith, is an important feature in morphological analysis. This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using sulcus morphology for stock identification and to compare its performance with commonly used otolith morphology analysis. Otoliths were collected and analyzed from three geographical groups (the Huanghe (Yellow) River estuary, HHE;the Jiaozhou Bay, JZB;and the Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary, CJE) of yellow drum Nibea albiflora. The results show that the analysis of sulcus morphology based on shape indices (SIs), elliptic Fourier coefficients (EFc), and a combination of the two parameters identified stocks at overall classification rates of 51.0%, 72.5%, and 73.2%, respectively. These classification rates are similar to those obtained using otolith morphology analysis (57.0%, 73.8%, and 76.5% by SIs, EFc, and their combination, respectively). The findings suggest that sulcus morphology is comparable to the commonly used otolith morphology for identifying stocks of sciaenids, such as the yellow drum. For both otolith and sulcus morphology, EFc could identify the stocks more efficiently than SIs, while the combination of SIs and EFc was even better.