晚白垩世全球性大洋滞流幕

通过对北大西洋深海钻探计划(DSDP)钻孔的地层和有机地球化学资料的复查校正,证明在点105、107、367、386、398、549和551处存在有CTBSH层(CTBSH为Cenomanian-Turonian Black Shale Horizon之缩写,即西诺曼期—土伦期黑色页岩层)。这套沉积物通常含黄铁矿或磷酸盐,或者两者都含,其层厚为1毫米或小于1毫米的纹层。它的总有机炭含量(TOC—Total Organic Carbon之缩写,即总有机炭)大于2%,平均值一般为10%,最大值可达30%,所含有机质主要是海相成因的。     

夺取冠军 不能靠吃兴奋剂 从“速度东部”到“效益东部”:科学发展观下的反思与觉悟

“西部大开发、东北振兴、中部崛起、东部新跨越”,我国经济社会发展呈现出区域互动、优势互补、相互促进、共同发展的新格局。本刊以“科学发展”为主题,集中展示我国四大区域经济板块落实科学发展观取得的喜人图景,希望能让新世纪这一经济社会发展的重要指导思想更加深入人心,进一步转变成人们的自觉行动,奏响科学发展、和谐发展的主旋律……     

三维后方交会

传统的二维后方交会有3个已知点,在未知点上观测两个水平角以求得未知点坐标,或有两个已知点,在未知点上观测一个水平角和一个方位角也可求得未知坐标。本文所要叙述的是在未知点上向两个已知点观测一个水平角和两个垂直角,就可计算出它的三维坐标。下面将给出它的几何原理和计算过程,并对误差进行简要分析。     

邕城热情似火 银球跳动欢乐

七月骄阳似火,国土人的竞赛热情也欲与骄阳试比热.在乒乓赛场上随处都可以看到参赛队员生龙活虎、顽强拼搏、奋勇争先的矫健身影,他们以饱满的热情和良好的精神风貌投入到每一场比赛之中.小小的乒乓球凝聚着选手们奋斗的激情和在场观众们期盼的热忱.     

坚定的信心从何而来?——对当下中国迎战经济衰退的另类思考

当2009年元旦来临之际,国务院总理温家宝来到了青岛,看望并慰问广大的干部群众,鼓励大家面对当前的经济困境要坚定信心,迎难而上,创造新业绩.温总理抓住了解决当前中国应对经济衰退问题的核心,抓住了根本.对一个"后发的工业化大国"而言,战胜当下的经济困难,中国缺少的不是"金钱",而是"人心".问题的关键在于树立坚定的信心.     

The Voisey’s Bay Ni-Cu-Co Sulfide Deposit, Labrador, Canada: Emplacement of Silicate and Sulfide-Laden Magmas into Spaces Created within a Structural Corridor

The Voisey’s Bay Ni-Cu-Co sulfide deposit is hosted in a 1.34 Ga mafic intrusion that is part of the Nain Plutonic Suite in Labrador, Canada.The Ni-Cu-Co sulfide mineralization is associated with magmatic breccias that are typically contained in weakly mineralized olivine gabbros, troctolites and ferrogabbros, but also occur as veins in adjacent paragneiss.The mineralization is associated with a dyke-like body which is termed the feeder dyke.This dyke connects the shallow differentiated Eastern Deeps chamber in the east to a deeper intrusion in the west termed the Western Deeps Intrusion.Where the conduit is connected to the Eastern Deeps Intrusion, the Eastern Deeps Deposit is developed at the entry line of the dyke along the steep north wall of the Eastern Deeps Intrusion.The Eastern Deeps Deposit is surrounded by a halo of moderately to weakly mineralized Variable-Textured Troctolite (VTT) that reaches a maximum thickness above the ENE-WSW axis of the Eastern Deeps Deposit. At depth to the west, the conduit is adjacent to the south side of the Western Deeps Intrusion, where the dyke and intrusion contain disseminated magmatic sulfide mineralization.The Reid Brook Zone plunges to the east within the dyke, and both the dyke and adjacent paragneiss are mineralized.The Ovoid Deposit comprises a bowl-shaped body of massive sulfide where the dyke widens near to the present-day surface.It is not clear whether this deposit was developed as a widened-zone within the conduit or at the entry point into a chamber that is now lost to erosion. The massive sulfides and breccia sulfides of the Eastern Deeps are petrologically and chemically different when compared to the disseminated sulfides in the VTT; there is a marked break in Ni tenor (Ni content in 100% sulfide, abbreviated to [Ni]100) and Ni/Co of sulfide between the two.The boundary of the sulfide types is often marked by strong sub-horizontal alignment of heavily digested and metamorphosed paragneiss fragments, development of barren olivine gabbro, and by a change from typically massive sulfides and breccias sulfides into more typical variable-textured troctolites with heavy to weak disseminated sulfide.Sulfides hosted in the feeder dyke tend to have low metal tenors ([Ni]100=2.5%-3.5%); sulfides in Eastern Deeps massive and breccia ores have intermediate Ni tenors ([Ni]100=3.5%-4%) and disseminated sulfides in overlying rocks have high Ni tenors ([Ni] 100=4%-8%) . Conduit-hosted mineralization and mineral zones in the paragneiss adjacent to the Reid Brook Deposit tend to have lower Ni tenor than the Ovoid and Eastern Deeps Deposits.The tenor of mineral hosted in the country rock gneisses tends to be the same as that developed in the conduit ; the injection of the sulfide into the country rocks likely occurred before formation of monosulfide solid solution.The Ovoid Deposit is characterized by coarse-grained loop-textured ores consisting of 10cm-2msized pyrrhotite crystals separated by chalcopyrite and pentlandite.A small lens of massive cubanite surrounded by more magnetite-rich sulfide assemblages represents what appears to be the product of in-situ sulfide fractionation. Detailed exploration in the area between the Reid Brook Zone and the Eastern Deeps has shown that these intrusions and ore deposits are connected by a branched dyke and chamber system in a major westeast fault zone.The Eastern Deeps chamber may be controlled by graben-like fault structures , and the marginal structures appear to have controlled dykes which connect the chambers at different levels in the crust.The geological relationships in the intrusion are consistent with emplacement of the silicate and sulfide laden magma from a deeper sub-chamber (possibly a deep eastward extension of the Western Deeps Intrusion where S-saturation was initially achieved) .The silicate and sulfide magmas were likely emplaced through this conduit into the Eastern Deeps intrusion as a number of different fragment laden pulses of sulfide-silicate melt that evolved with different R factors and in response to some variation in the degree of evolution of the parental magma.S isotope and S/Se data coupled with geological evidence point to a crustal source for the sulfur , and the site of equilibration of mafic magma and crustal S is placed at depth in a sulfidic Tasiuyak Gneiss. The structural control on emplacement of small intrusions with transported sulfide is a feature found in different nickel sulfide deposits around the world.Champagne glass-shaped openings in sub-vertical chonoliths are a common morphology for this deposit type (e.g.the Jinchuan , Huangshan , Huangshandong , Jingbulake , Limahe , Hong Qi Ling deposits in China , the Eagle deposits in the United States , and the Double Eagle deposit in Canada) .Some of the structures of the Midcontinent Rift of North America also host Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits of this type (e.g.the Current Lake Complex in the Quetico Fault Zone in Ontario , Canada and the Tamarac mineralisation in the Great Lakes Structural Zone of the United States) .Other major nickel deposits associated with flat structures adjacent to major mantle-penetrating structures include the Noril’sk , Noril’sk II , Kharaelakh , NW Talnakh , and NE Talnakh Intrusions of the Noril’sk Region of Russia , the Kalatongke deposit in NW China , and Babel-Nebo in Western Australia.These deposits are all formed in mantle-penetrating structural conduits that link into the roots of large igneous provinces near the edges of old cratons.     

基于作息空间思想的人口统计数据空间化方法

探讨了基于作息空间思想的人口统计数据空间化方法。定义居住和工作的活动空间范围为作息空间,并结合土地利用类型数据和泰森多边形构建了作息空间,以作息空间人口密度作为人口空间分布的表达方式。对辽宁省2005年人口统计数据进行了实例分析,精度优于传统的面积权重内插法,结果的地图渲染能够表现受自然因素和社会经济因素影响的人口分布特征。该方法不涉及复杂的权重计算过程,也可以避免主观因素的干扰,简单易行,有较强的实用性。     

北京十渡自然保护区秋冬季节黑鹳数量及生境研究

为了研究秋冬季节北京十渡自然保护区黑鹳(Ciconia nigra)的数量变动及其对生境的选择,于2008年9月6日～12月26日,根据十渡自然保护区特殊的地理特征选取16条样线,利用双筒望远镜、单筒望远镜、GPS,采用直接计数法记录发现黑鹳的数量;采用选择系数Wi和选择指数Ei评价黑鹳对十渡自然保护区5种不同生境类型(灌丛湿地、河漫滩地、鱼塘、河流和湖泡)的喜好程度.本次调查共记录到黑鹳174只;其中,9～10月观察到的黑鹳数量较少,月平均遇见数为26.5只;部分黑鹳于11月17日～11月29日迁走,12月4日左右开始有黑鹳迁入;黑鹳月平均遇见数量高峰期在12月,当月月平均遇见数达到34只.生境选择评价结果表明,黑鹳喜好在灌丛湿地和河漫滩地栖息、觅食,而对鱼塘、河流、湖泡具有回避性.     

安徽:以普查为依托 推进地名文化遗产保护

正近年来,安徽省在民政部的有力指导下,以第二次全国地名普查为契机,紧紧围绕"建设美好安徽、打造皖域文化、传承徽派印象"的总体布局,坚持普遍调查、深度挖掘、注重宣传,传承利用优秀地名文化遗产,推进地名文化建设。一、提高思想认识,积极推动地名文化遗产工作展开一是在学习中深化认识。根据《民政部关于加强地名文化建设的意见》和《民政部关于发布〈地名文化遗产鉴定〉行业标准的公告》精神,认真学习     

面向问题的空间应用表达与实现

讨论空间应用的一种面向问题的表达方法与实现机制。为解决空间应用的描述问题,在建立时空一体化空间数据模型基础上,定义了对SQL进行扩展的时空复合查询语言,实现了对空间应用问题的非过程化描述;研究复杂空间应用的表达问题,讨论时空复合查询语言的限制,并在语言中引入流机制,通过空间应用问题的组合实现更为复杂的空间应用,并支持空间数据分布式计算;最后给出若干空间应用实例及其面向问题的表达。