油气双相介质理论在辽西凹陷南部岩性圈闭中的应用

辽河西部凹陷是辽河拗陷主要的生油凹陷.随着勘探程度的提高,勘探难度不断增大,近年来对辽西凹陷鸳鸯沟和清水洼陷坡折带以下的岩性油气藏勘探需求日益旺盛.通过双相介质油气勘探方法,利用小波变化时频分析特性,提取地震波能量和频率成分,对工作区内探井频谱特征进行了样本学习,总结出了区内高产井和无油井的频谱特征,预测出勘探风险区域的油气富集程度,再结合地球物理反演技术,明确了下一步岩性圈闭的勘探潜力区域,以降低勘探风险.     

The Wuchiapingian–Changhsingian boundary (Upper Permian) at Meishan of Changxing County, South China

Section D at Meishan, Changxing County in the Zhejiang Province, China, has been extensively studied in various aspects of the stratigraphy during the past 20 years. It was ratified by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS) as the Global Standard Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Permian–Triassic boundary in 2000, and is also a potential stratotype for the Wuchiapingian–Changhsingian boundary. However, the contact relationship between the Longtan (Wuchiapingian) and Changxing (Chainghsingian) formations has been a controversial subject for years. Recent studies on Section C, about 300 m west of Section D, at Meishan confirm a complete depositional succession around the boundary and suggest that the proposed boundary level, the FAD of Clarkina wangi within the lineage from C. longicuspidata to C. wangi, is consistent with the first appearance of the index Changhsingian fusulinid Palaeofusulina sinensis and tapashanitid ammonoids.     

塔河油田奥陶系岩溶储层垂向带发育特征及其识别标准

岩溶储层在垂向上的分带性是岩溶在垂向上发育不均匀的客观表现。根据现代岩溶理论,通过对大量测井资料的统计分析,按照岩溶缝洞系统发育强弱及地下水运动方式、岩溶作用方式,将岩溶储层垂向上划分为表层岩溶带、垂向渗滤溶蚀带、径流溶蚀带、潜流溶蚀带等四个岩溶发育带,并建立了塔河油田奥陶系岩溶储层垂向带划分的测井响应与岩溶成因组合指标体系。测井响应指标包括自然伽玛、电阻率、井径等;岩溶成因指标包括地下水径流方式、岩溶作用类型、充填特征和岩溶个体形态等。根据岩溶储层垂向带划分标准,对塔河油田奥陶系岩溶储层垂向带发育特征进行了统计分析,并对不同地貌区岩溶储层的垂向带发育特征进行分析。分析认为:表层岩溶带以大中型溶蚀孔洞为主,测井显示为高伽玛,低电阻;半充填(或未充填)时测井表现为低伽玛,低电阻;垂向渗滤溶蚀带以高角度溶缝和小型溶蚀孔洞为特征,测井显示为低伽玛,高电阻;径流溶蚀带多发育大型溶洞,测井显示为高伽玛,低电阻;潜流溶蚀带岩溶弱发育,测井显示为低伽玛,高电阻。     

渭北区块煤层气井抽油杆腐蚀影响因素

为明确鄂尔多斯盆地东缘渭北区块H矿区煤层气井腐蚀影响因素,以抽油杆为研究对象,通过对实际开采过程中产出气、采出水、抽油杆表面腐蚀产物成分和抽油杆质量损失检测分析,总结了抽油杆腐蚀类型和腐蚀强度,并对比分析了不同排采阶段、开发层系和采出液矿化度对抽油杆腐蚀的影响。研究结果表明：渭北区块煤层气井抽油杆主要受到CO₂和H₂S的腐蚀,其来源主要为5号煤和11号煤。在初期排水阶段抽油杆腐蚀程度低,主要是由少量CO₂溶解气引起;憋套压和产气之后,抽油杆受到产出的酸性气体CO₂和H₂S的共同腐蚀作用,且腐蚀不断增强;同时地层水矿化程度对抽油杆腐蚀有明显的促进作用。由于腐蚀影响因素复杂且强度不断变化,因此,对抽油杆表面进行包覆或涂上防腐层是直接有效的防腐手段。     

Relative contributions of crust and mantle to generation of Campanian high-K calc-alkaline I-type granitoids in a subduction setting, with special reference to the Harşit Pluton, Eastern Turkey

We present elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic data for the magmatic suite (~79 Ma) of the Harşit pluton, from the Eastern Pontides (NE Turkey), with the aim of determining its magma source and geodynamic evolution. The pluton comprises granite, granodiorite, tonalite and minor diorite (SiO₂ = 59.43–76.95 wt%), with only minor gabbroic diorite mafic microgranular enclaves in composition (SiO₂ = 54.95–56.32 wt%), and exhibits low Mg# (<46). All samples show a high-K calc-alkaline differentiation trend and I-type features. The chondrite-normalized REE patterns are fractionated [(La/Yb) _n  = 2.40–12.44] and display weak Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.30–0.76). The rocks are characterized by enrichment of LILE and depletion of HFSE. The Harşit host rocks have weak concave-upward REE patterns, suggesting that amphibole and garnet played a significant role in their generation during magma segregation. The host rocks and their enclaves are isotopically indistinguishable. Sr–Nd isotopic data for all of the samples display I _Sr = 0.70676–0.70708, ε _Nd(79 Ma) = −4.4 to −3.3, with T _DM = 1.09–1.36 Ga. The lead isotopic ratios are (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb) = 18.79–18.87, (²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb) = 15.59–15.61 and (²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb) = 38.71–38.83. These geochemical data rule out pure crustal-derived magma genesis in a post-collision extensional stage and suggest mixed-origin magma generation in a subduction setting. The melting that generated these high-K granitoidic rocks may have resulted from the upper Cretaceous subduction of the Izmir–Ankara–Erzincan oceanic slab beneath the Eurasian block in the region. The back-arc extensional events would have caused melting of the enriched subcontinental lithospheric mantle and formed mafic magma. The underplating of the lower crust by mafic magmas would have played a significant role in the generation of high-K magma. Thus, a thermal anomaly induced by underplated basic magma into a hot crust would have caused partial melting in the lower part of the crust. In this scenario, the lithospheric mantle-derived basaltic melt first mixed with granitic magma of crustal origin at depth. Then, the melts, which subsequently underwent a fractional crystallization and crustal assimilation processes, could ascend to shallower crustal levels to generate a variety of rock types ranging from diorite to granite. Sr–Nd isotope modeling shows that the generation of these magmas involved ~65–75% of the lower crustal-derived melt and ~25–35% of subcontinental lithospheric mantle. Further, geochemical data and the Ar–Ar plateau age on hornblende, combined with regional studies, imply that the Harşit pluton formed in a subduction setting and that the back-arc extensional period started by least ~79 Ma in the Eastern Pontides.     

湖南省桃源县李家冲金矿主要控矿因素及找矿方向

李家冲金矿是近年来实施矿产资源补偿费项目时确定的具有一定找矿远景的金矿床。矿区地处扬子准地台江南地轴南缘的雪峰弧形构造隆起带的中段，距著名的大型沃溪金（锑钨）矿床南东约18km。金矿成矿主要受元古界板溪群马底驿组合矿层位及断裂构造双重因素控制，地层提供了矿源层，构造提供了矿化进一步富集的动力条件，使矿质得以活化、迁移并在有利成矿空间定位形成金矿体。在对矿床的地质特征和主要控矿因素分析的基础上，对进一步寻找金矿体的勘查方向进行了探讨，认为区内以郭家冲断裂为主的NE向断裂带是今后找金工作的重点，具体部位是近EW向层滑断裂破碎带与NE向断裂的交汇部位，并圈定出叶家坳一电厂、茶子山、文明等三处具体的勘查靶位，可作为矿区进一步工作部署的参考依据。     

硫同位素混合总体筛分

现代矿床学研究表明,绝大多数矿床的形成具有多来源、多阶段、多成因的特点.定量研究S同位素来源可将形成一个矿床的过程看作是多个总体的混合或叠加,在数学上这种混合或叠加可以用昆合总体筛分的数学模型来描述.笔者在长江中下游地区和湖南东坡矿田中成功地应用混合总体筛分的数学模型,定量研究了S同位素来源的问题,这一问题的解决对于研究成矿物质来源和成矿机理具有重要的意义.     

Research on the stabilization treatment of clay slope topsoil by organic polymer soil stabilizer

The topsoil of clayey slope is easy to erosion because it is weak in its strength, water stability and erosion resistance. A new organic polymer soil stabilizer, which was developed for the stabilization treatment of clay slope topsoil and was named as STW, was introduced in this study. In order to understand the effect of STW on the stabilization of clayey soil, laboratory tests on the unconfined compressive strength, shear strength, water stability and erosion resistance of untreated and treated soil specimens are performed, The results indicated that STW soil stabilizer can significantly increased the unconfined compression strength, shear strength, water stability and erosion resistance of clayey soil. The unconfined compression strength increased with the increasing of curing time and the variation mainly occurs in the first 24-hour. With the addition amounts of STW increasing, the strength, water stability and erosion resistance increased at the curing time being 48 h, but in the case of friction angle, no major change was observed. Based on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of the stabilized soil, the stabilization mechanisms of STW soil stabilizer in the clayey soil were discussed. Finally, a field test of the stabilization treatment of clay slope topsoil with STW was carried out, and the results indicated that the STW soil stabilizer on the stabilization treatment of clay slope topsoil is effective for improving the erosion resistance of slope topsoil, reducing the soil loss and protecting the vegetation growth. Therefore, this technique is worth popularizing for the topsoil protection of clay slope.