四川省茂县风能资源初步分析

采用1971~2000年气候整编资料数据,初步分析了茂县的风能资源状况。结果表明:(1)由于特定的地理地形条件所致,其风能资源在四川为最大值地区之一,在横断山地区也为最大值地区之一。虽然年平均风能密度仅为27.44 W/m²(县气象局观测资料计算)。但当地风具有一年四季风速较大、风向稳定、定时起风等特点,其风能应具有较大的开发利用价值。(2)茂县的风有如下特点:一年四季都有风,冬春季最大(12月~次年5月平均风速达4.1m/s),秋季次之(10~11月平均风速达3.6m/s),夏季最小(6~9月平均风速达3.4m/s),以3月最大,平均风速达4.6m/s,以9月最小,平均风速只有3.2m/s。据茂县局3次观测的2分钟的平均风速来看,早上多为静风,在这种情况下多年平均风速仍然达到了3.8m/s,为全省最大。(3)根据茂县本站的风观测资料计算该县属于风能资源较贫乏地区,但该县由于地形复杂,县气象局观测资料不能完全代表该县的特殊风能分布情况,需要在实地调查的基础上,选择风速较大的地区建立风能观测点积累风能实测资料,为该县开发风能资源造福当地人民提供更科学、更具有说服力的数据。     

季节偏差纠正下的遥感AOD产品降尺度BGIM算法

MODIS 3 km DT (Dark Target)卫星气溶胶光学厚度AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth)数据产品已广泛应用于大气污染监测,但受反演方法限制,该数据产品像元缺失严重、时空覆盖度低、精度偏低。相比,MODIS 10 km DT＿DB＿Combined AOD数据产品因融合DT和DB (Deep Blue)两种反演算法,一定程度上可弥补MODIS 3 km DT AOD数据产品在时空覆盖度与精度方面的缺陷,但分辨率偏低。此外,受气溶胶组分来源的季节变化与地表反射率估算的季节性误差影响,MODIS AOD数据产品精度同时也存在季节性特征。本文由此以京津冀为试验区,顾及AOD季节变化特性,开展MODIS 10 km DT＿DB＿Combined AOD数据产品偏差纠正下的地统计反演模拟BGIM(Bias-corrected Geostatistical Inverse Model)降尺度算法研究。试验同时引入AERONET地基观测数据和MODIS3 km DT AOD数据产品作为降尺度结果的绝对与相对验证标准。结果表明：季节偏差系数纠正下生成的MODIS3 ...     

大气降水对昆明周围地震活动的调制

本文对比分析了昆明周围地区20余年来的大气降水记录和地震资料,指出旱涝变异确实与地震活动存在着一定的统计联系。其中尤以震前一年洪涝的作用较为突出。在此基础上,提出了一个可预测本区中强地震发生的经验性方法。     

Exploring the hydrologic response to the urban building coverage ratio by model simulation

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The increasing building coverage ratio accompanied by the increase in impervious surfaces during the urbanization process may change the flow concentration...     

地统计学分析技术及其在气象中的适用性

首先论述了地统计学的一些特点，然后从变异函数和Kriging插值两个方面介绍了地统计学的分析技术，最后讨论了地统计学在气象研究中的适用性。     

Origin and Evolution of Aquitard Porewater in the Western Coastal Plain of Bohai Bay,China

High‐salinity paleowater from low‐permeability aquitards in coastal areas can be a major threat to groundwater resources; however, such water has rarely been studied. The chemical and isotopic compositions of porewater extracted from a 200‐m‐thick Quaternary sedimentary sequence in the western coastal plain of Bohai Bay, China, were analyzed to investigate the salinity origin and chemical evolution of porewater in aquitards. Porewater samples derived at depths shallower than 32 m are characterized by Cl‐Na type saline water (total dissolved solids [TDS], 10.9–84.3 g/L), whereas those at depths greater than 32 m comprise Cl·SO₄‐Na type brackish water (TDS, 2.2–6.3 g/L). Saline porewater is interpreted as evaporated seawater prior to halite saturation, as evidenced by Cl‐Br relationships. Although substantial dilution of saline porewater with meteoric water is supported by a wider Cl^? range and δ²H‐δ¹⁸O covariance, the original marine waters were not completely flushed out. The deeper brackish porewater is determined to be a mixture of fresher porewater and brine groundwater and had a component of old brine of less than 10%, as indicated by a mixing model defined using δ²H and Cl^? tracers. Porewater δ²H‐δ¹⁸O relationships and negative deuterium excess ranging from ?25.9‰ to ?2.9‰ indicate the existence of an arid climate since Late Pleistocene in Tianjin Plain. The aquitard porewaters were chemically modified through water‐rock interactions due to the long residence time.     

帕米尔东北缘穷阿木太克岩体年代学、地球化学特征及地质意义

分布于帕米尔东北缘羌塘地块上的穷阿木太克岩体,与班公湖怒江洋的闭合有着密切关系。岩体主要由英云闪长岩、花岗闪长岩和二长花岗岩组成。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,穷阿木太克岩体的形成年龄为(107.0±1.2) Ma(MSWD=0.55),属于早白垩世晚期。地球化学结果显示,主量元素具有富Ca、富K、富碱等特点,岩石Al含量较高,为弱过铝质花岗岩系列,具典型的钙碱性特征。稀土元素具有轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损的右倾型特征,并显示弱的负铕异常。微量元素表现出大离子亲石元素Rb、Th、U、K高度富集和高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti、Hf强烈亏损。岩石在成因上可能是地壳下部基性岩石经熔融或部分熔融作用形成的。结合本区所处的构造环境,早白垩世晚期穷阿木太克岩体可能形成于羌塘地块与冈底斯地块之间同碰撞(挤压环境)向碰撞后(伸展环境)的转化阶段,为后造山花岗岩类,岩石系列从早到晚由中钾钙碱性系列向钾玄岩系列演化。     

生物气CO2还原途径中碳同位素分馏作用研究及应用

地质历史中,CO2/H2还原产甲烷作用对生物气的形成具有十分重要的意义。中国柴达木盆地第四系生物气主要为CO2/H2还原型生物气。笔者以CO2/H2还原生气理论为指导,进行不同初始碳同位素值和不同赋存状态碳源的生物模拟实验,研究CO2/H2还原产气过程中发生的碳同位素分馏作用。实验结果表明,产物中δ13CH4值与底物的δ13C值呈很好的正相关关系;在反应母质过量的情况下,碳源的赋存状态可以影响产物甲烷的碳同位素组成。以游离形式CO2还原产生的甲烷δ13C值,相对于以HCO3-、CO23-离子形式产生的甲烷δ13C值轻。通过柴达木盆地东部第四系生物气田实例分析,探讨了该区生物气的主要底物CO2的来源及赋存状态,对评价盆地生物气资源和有利勘探区预测有重要的参考价值。     

北斗广播电文钟差模型精度评估及改善策略

星载原子钟是北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)的核心设备,其钟差模型是北斗广播电文的重要组成部分,模型精度直接影响BDS的服务性能.本文采用星地双向时频传递(TWSTF)钟差测量为参考,评估了BDS广播电文钟差模型精度,结果表明BDS广播电文钟差模型精度优于2 ns(数据龄期小于12 h).针对BDS广播电文钟差参数解算问题,...     

Study of Influence of Regional Geodynamic Background on Strata Behaviors in China's Tongxin Mine

Strata behaviors are mainly affected by regional geodynamic background. The influence of rock mass stress and energy distribution on strata behaviors in the Tongxin mine is studied in terms of regional tectonic movement, seismic activity and tectonic stress field. The results show that the extrusion lifting movement of Kouquan fault adjacent to the Tongxin mine results in the stress concentration in the rock of the Carboniferous coal bed and accumulation of a large amount of elastic energy and forms structural background of Tongxin mine. Due to various seismic activities in the mine area, the strain energy is known to reach much higher levels, up to 0.5×10⁸ J^1/2. Since the stratigraphic structure is sensitive to the mining operation, the strain energy could cause strong strata behaviors. A special geological structure model of the Tongxin mine is established based on the geodynamic division method. The distribution of regional structure stress field is determined by the rock mass stress analysis system. Based on this model, Tongxin mine is divided into five areas with high stress, eight areas with low stress and eight areas with gradient stress. The strong strata behaviors mostly occur in high stress areas. These results could provide guidance to predict the strength of regional or mine pressure and control strata behavior in different areas.