基于1982-2017年NCEP_CFSv2(NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2)模式预测资料对黑龙江省夏季降水进行降尺度预测。通过分析黑龙江省夏季降水与同期环流因子的关系、模式对关键区环流因子的预测,选取模式模拟与再分析资料相关较好、黑龙江降水实况与再分析资料关系较好的环流因子作为预测因子,结合最优子集回归法筛选因子,建立降尺度预测模型,最后采用交叉检验法进行预测效果检验和独立样本预测。结果表明:模式降尺度预测与实况的距平符号-致率为69%,6 a独立样本预测中有5 a预测正确,优于目前的业务预测效果。进-步研究发现,在模式能够准确预测环流因子的情况下,模式降尺度可以较好地预测黑龙江省夏季降水的趋势。此外,模式降尺度在拉尼娜年预测效果较好。 相似文献
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Urban agglomeration is caused by the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process in China. Studying the expansion of construction land can not only know the changes and development of urban agglomeration in time, but also obtain the great significance of the future management. In this study, taking Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan (Chang-Zhu-Tan) urban agglomeration in Hunan province as a study area, Landsat images from 1995 to 2014 and Autologistic-CLUE-S model simulation data were used. Moreover, several factors including gravity center, direction, distance and landscape index were considered in the analysis of the expansion. The results revealed that the construction area increased by 132.18%, from 372.28 km2 in 1995 to 864.37 km2 in 2014. And it might even reach 1327.23 km2 in 2023. Before 2014, three cities had their own respective and discrete development directions. However, because of the integration policy implementation in 2008, the Chang-Zhu-Tan began to gather, the gravity center moved southward after 2014, and the distance between cities decreased, which was in line with the development plan of urban expansion. The research methods and results were relatively reliable, and these results could provide some reference for the future land use planning and spatial allocation in the urbanization process of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration.
As a cold and dry planet, Mars contains water resources in the form of water ice, so that the electromagnetic waves can be transmitted to the deep underground to get the information of the topography and subsurface geological structure. Subsurface penetrating radar(SPR) can be widely used in deep space exploration for a long time because of its non-destructive detection mode and its working characteristics not limited by visible light. It is an important type of equipment for detecting the subsurface structure of planets. Orbiter radar is mainly used in Mars exploration. However, because of its low resolution, it is difficult to describe the near surface structure, so there is a lack of radar data which can reflect the shallow information. In this paper, a three-dimensional near surface model of Utopia Planitia on Mars is established. In order to make the simulation results more reasonable, the key factors such as topographic relief, subsurface rocks and water ice, and the variation of dielectric constant in different layers are taken into account. Then the full polarization forward modeling is carried out by using the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. The acquired full polarimetric subsurface penetrating radar(FP-SPR) data with noise is preprocessed and further processed by Pauli decomposition. The underground reflection can be picked up more clearly from the Pauli decomposition results. This work is helpful to identify more details of subsurface structures and provides a reference for the measured data in the future. 相似文献