Spectral Variability of FSRQs

The optical variability of 29 flat spectrum radio quasars in SDSS Stripe 82 region are investigated by using DR7 released multi-epoch data. All FSRQs show variations with overall amplitude ranging from 0.24 mag to 3.46 mag in different sources. About half of FSRQs show a bluer-when-brighter trend, which is commonly observed for blazars. However, only one source shows a redder-when-brighter trend, which implies it is rare in FSRQs. In this source, the thermal emission may be responsible for the spectral behaviour.     

响应面法优化热泵-热风联合干燥小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)的节能参数

为了减少小黄鱼(Pseudosciaena polyactis)干燥过程的能耗, 在前期实验的基础上, 采用响应面分析法, 以单位能耗除湿值(SMER)和挥发性盐基总氮值(T-VBN)两者的综合指标Y为最终评价指标, 对热泵干燥阶段的温度A、分阶段干燥的转换点含水率B、后期热风干燥阶段的温度C三个条件进行优化, 模拟得到回归方程的预估模型。结果表明, 小黄鱼联合干燥的最优条件为热泵干燥温度A=50℃、转换点含水率B=32.62%和热风干燥温度C=44.01℃, 在此条件下比较热泵干燥(HPD)、热泵-热风联合干燥(HPD+AD)、热风干燥(AD)三种干燥方式下的样品品质和耗能, 联合干燥得到的小黄鱼干品质高于热风干燥, 而且干燥能耗降低了34.8%。     

格罗夫山冰原岛峰高程测定

南极内陆格罗夫山地区冰原上坐落着64座冰原岛峰,它们绝大多数的高程都未被直接测定.2010年中国第26次南极科学考察格罗夫山分队,通过精密测绘方法测定了梅森峰、威尔逊岭的高程,并发现梅森峰是格罗夫山地区的最高峰.由于梅森峰、威尔逊岭四壁陡峭,难以攀登,为确保测量的精确性,首先在梅森峰附近的冰面上选取了3个基准点,采用G...     

红黏土承载比的土团尺寸效应研究

高液限红黏土用于路基填筑时,因其不良的水理特性,需要掺石灰或水泥改良。但红黏土成团现象十分突出,进行灰土拌和时不易达到均匀状态,影响预期改良效果。通过对不同直径的红黏土土团及石灰改良土土团进行承载比试验,结果表明：干密度随着土团直径尺寸的增大呈现先增大后减小的特征,红黏土和石灰土的最大干密度对应的土团直径处在0.2～ 5 mm范围内;而最大承载比CBR值对应的土团直径分别处在5～10 mm和2～5 mm的范围内。石灰土和红黏土的吸水率、膨胀率均随着土团尺寸的增大,呈现先减小后增大的整体变化趋势。在2～10 mm的范围内,两种土的膨胀量最小。石灰改良只对直径小于5 mm的土团的膨胀特性起到明显的抑制作用。可见,现场施工中严格控制土团的大小对保证土体的强度和水稳定性具有十分重要的意义。     

基于决策树的戈壁信息提取研究

 戈壁是我国西北干旱地区的一种主要地表景观类型。由于戈壁所处地带自然条件恶劣,人烟稀少不便于实地调查研究的开展,所以目前关于戈壁的研究资料非常少。本文以戈壁典型分布区内蒙古自治区额济纳旗为例,以Landsat TM遥感影像以及30 m DEM作为基本数据源,首先借助DEM数据,在GIS中,提取出非戈壁分布区,然后,在分析不同典型地物光谱特征基础上,建立基于知识的决策树信息提取模型,利用该模型实现了侵蚀型戈壁与堆积型戈壁信息的自动提取,戈壁信息提取总体精度达到91.57%,研究为使用遥感影像快速获取戈壁信息提供了技术支持。     

Automated building generalization based on urban morphology and Gestalt theory

Building generalization is a difficult operation due to the complexity of the spatial distribution of buildings and for reasons of spatial recognition. In this study, building generalization is decomposed into two steps, i.e. building grouping and generalization execution. The neighbourhood model in urban morphology provides global constraints for guiding the global partitioning of building sets on the whole map by means of roads and rivers, by which enclaves, blocks, superblocks or neighbourhoods are formed; whereas the local constraints from Gestalt principles provide criteria for the further grouping of enclaves, blocks, superblocks and/or neighbourhoods. In the grouping process, graph theory, Delaunay triangulation and the Voronoi diagram are employed as supporting techniques. After grouping, some useful information, such as the sum of the building's area, the mean separation and the standard deviation of the separation of buildings, is attached to each group. By means of the attached information, an appropriate operation is selected to generalize the corresponding groups. Indeed, the methodology described brings together a number of well-developed theories/techniques, including graph theory, Delaunay triangulation, the Voronoi diagram, urban morphology and Gestalt theory, in such a way that multiscale products can be derived.     

Detection and correction of inconsistencies between river networks and contour data by spatial constraint knowledge

In the representation of topographic data, the distribution of hydrographic networks should be constrained by the contour model’s landform features. During the integration of topographic databases, however, spatial conflicts may destroy these constraints, generating inconsistencies. This study presents a method to detect and correct inconsistencies between river networks and contour data by spatial knowledge. First, structured terrain features are extracted from the contour-based geometric representation and matching relationships between rivers and contours are constructed based on spatial knowledge of the distribution of rivers and talwegs. We then propose a distance metric for measuring differences and identifying inconsistencies between the matched river and contour features. Three correction approaches are provided for different inconsistency situations, including river adjustment referenced to the contour, contour adjustment referenced to the river and adjustment of both river and contour to middle positions. We apply the proposed method to the integration and maintenance of national topographic infrastructure in order to demonstrate its effectiveness.     

The twentieth century contiguous US temperature changes indicated by daily data and higher statistical moments

The daily surface air temperature data are used to assess the climate changes of the contiguous United States during the period of 1901 to 2000. The assessment is made through the first four statistical moments of the daily maximum, minimum, and mean temperature anomalies, the linear trends of the moments, and the changes of the anomalies?? probability density functions. The results on the first moment, i.e., the mean, are compared with the existing ones in terms of intra-annual means and their linear trends. Our first moment results agree with known ones and demonstrate a decrease from the 1930s to the 1960s and an increase from the 1970s to 2000. The temperature fluctuation is the smallest in the 1960s among the decades from 1931 to 2000. The trends of the higher (second-, third- and fourth-order) moments of the mean, maximum, and minimum surface air temperatures are calculated for the periods 1901?C2000, 1910?C1945, 1946?C1975, and 1976?C2000. The results show a decreasing trend of the second- and third-order moments of all the temperatures. The fourth-order moments of the mean and maximum surface air temperatures have increasing trends, but that of the minimum surface air temperature has a decreasing trend. The seasonal histograms of the mean, maximum, and minimum surface air temperatures are calculated for the three periods 1910?C1945, 1946?C1975, and 1976?C2000 for the stations which have the largest trend of maximum daily surface air temperature. An obvious change has been identified in the probability density functions. Among the changes of statistical parameters, the ones for the minimum temperature are larger than those for the maximum and mean temperatures.