太阳强磁区的精细结构形态

作者希望通过对国内外太阳物理学家多年来在太阳磁场精细结构方面的研究成果的回顾，探讨立足现有和将有的仪器设备，可能和应该从事的高分辨太阳磁场的研究工作。为突出重点，侧重评述１０００Ｇ以上的强磁场精细结构特征及与之相关的亮度特征的精细结构。     

河南林县下奥陶统顶部的河流沉积

根据沉积特征、剖面结构和原生沉积构造确定林县坟头下奥陶统亮甲山组之上的一套厚度不大的陆源碎屑沉积为陆相河流相沉积。将原命名为分水岭组改名为漳河组，时代置于早奥陶世晚期。     

某隧道区地应力测量与岩爆分析

介绍了某高速公路隧道区2个钻孔(深度为280和567 m)的水压致裂法地应力测试结果,并就施工期岩爆发生的可能性和隧道围岩稳定性进行了初步分析。     

LDM软件在气象数据交换中的应用

目前运行的国内气象通信系统存在着交换平台（操作系统平台）不统一、数据接口不统一、数据交换软件不统一等问题,导致每新增一类投入业务使用的观测资料,从资料采集、资料传输、资料传输监视到资料应用等都自成一体,给通信传输管理带来很大不便。LDM（Local Data Manager）软件作为底层通信传输和管理系统,可实现上述三者的统一。通过对目前国内气象通信系统存在的传输软件不统一、文件数目多时造成拥塞和文件优先级无法保证问题的分析,对LDM软件灵活和有效的数据分发功能及用户可配置的、支持分布式的处理和事件驱动的特点进行了介绍,并以建立的基于LDM的实时气象资料分发服务系统为研究和试验原型,对LDM软件及目前国内气象通信系统软件进行对比分析,结果表明:采用LDM软件可以提高传输业务的整体工作质量,解决目前国内气象通信系统存在的问题,即LDM软件较适用于我国气象数据交换业务。     

Integrating domain knowledge and graph convolutional neural networks to support river network selection

Deep learning is increasingly being used to improve the intelligence of map generalization. Vector-based map generalization, utilizing deep learning, is an important avenue for research. However, there are three questions: (1) transforming vector data into a deep learning data paradigm; (2) overcoming the limitation of the number of samples; and (3) determining whether existing knowledge can accelerate deep learning. To address these questions, taking river network selection as an example, this study presents a framework integrating hydrological knowledge into graph convolutional neural networks (GCNNs). This framework consists of the following steps: constructing a dual graph of river networks (DG_RN), extracting domain knowledge as node attributes of DG_RN, developing an architecture of GCNNs for the selection, and designing a fine-tuning rule to refine the GCNN results. Experiments show that our framework outperforms existing machine learning and traditional feature sorting methods using different datasets and achieves good morphological consistency after the selection. Furthermore, these results indicate that DG_RN meets the data paradigm of graph deep learning, and the framework integrating existing characteristics (i.e., Strahler coding, the number of tributaries, the distance between proximity rivers, and upstream drainage area) mitigates the dependence of GCNNs on plenty of samples and enhance its performance.     

Real-time fusion of multiple videos and 3D real scenes based on optimal viewpoint selection

3D real scenes are a digital virtual space that represents and portrays the real world in a photorealistic, three-dimensional, and sequential manner. Existing methods for constructing and updating 3D models, such as oblique photography and laser scanning, are difficult to meet the demand of perceiving the real world intuitively, dynamically, and in real time. In recent years, the method of integrating rapidly rising video data and 3D models has become increasingly popular. Compared with existing methods, it enhances the real-time perception of 3D scenes by taking advantage of the real-time character of videos and the intuitive character of 3D models. In this article, we propose a real-time fusion method of multiple videos and 3D real scenes based on optimal viewpoint selection. To begin, 3D reconstruction and video camera calibration were used to prepare the basic data for the fusion of videos and 3D model. Second, a visible-surface detection-based video space restoration method was provided, and the overlapping region between multiple videos was determined. Third, to split the overlapping region into the corresponding camera spaces, a segmentation method based on optimal viewpoint selection was given. Finally, the 2D videos were dynamically fitted to the 3D model using the dynamic texture mapping method, while accomplishing the fusing and rendering of the 3D real scene. After experimental verification, the overall effect of the multiple videos and 3D real scene fusion system implemented using the method proposed in this article is better, while the algorithm is less time-consuming and efficient in rendering.     

日侧极光卵的可见光多波段观测特征——中国北极黄河站首次极光观测初步分析

中国在斯瓦尔巴特(Svalbard)群岛新奥尔松(Ny-Alesund)地区建立了一个永久性科学考察站--北极黄河站。北极黄河站(78．92°N,11．93 °E)的修正磁纬为76．24°。2003年11月黄河站建立了一套多波段(427．8nm,557．7nm,630．0nm)单色极光全天空CCD成像观测系统,并于2003年12月11日-2004年2月25日极夜期开展了首次极光越冬观测,获得了1200多小时的连续观测数据。利用这1200多小时观测数据制作了以时间为横轴的南北向极光活动图,对日侧极光卵的极光活动特征进行了研究。初步分析发现,沿日侧极光卵不论磁静日还是磁扰日,在三个波段上都同时观测到了四个重复出现的极光活动区,即0900MLT(磁地方时)附近的 A区、1330MLT的B区和1630MLT的C区以及1200MLT附近的G区。A区内的极光活动由低纬向高纬运动,强度逐渐变弱,形态由较宽的弧状极光向冕状极光演变;B区内的极光活动由高纬向低纬方向运动,形态呈现为冕状极光向较窄的极光弧的演变,极光强度逐渐增强;C区极光活动向高纬方向展宽,强度逐渐变弱,极光由单弧向多重弧演化;而在A与B之间存在一个纬度范围相对较窄的极光活动区G区,该区的极光呈现暗弱的冕状极光。日侧极光活动随时间从午前、正午到午后呈现出一个系统的光谱变化:绿色-红色-绿色。A区的位置出现在卫星探测的午前极光峰之中;而正午附近极光强度暗弱的G区,可部分地解释卫星观测的所谓“正午极光空白区”;卫星观测到的1500MLT附近的“极光热点”区在地面观测中可以区分为以红色极光为主的B区和以绿色极光为主的C区。     

2001年北半球大气环流特征及其对中国气候异常的影响

2001年受前期赤道东太平洋海温长期冷水位相的影响，北半球大气环流的主要特征表现为：500hPa西太平洋副热带高压冬春季偏强，夏季秋偏弱；欧亚地区夏季500hPa位势高度距平场上中高纬从西到东呈现为“－＋－”分布形式，贝加尔湖地区为正距平中心；东亚冬、夏季风偏弱；7月赤道辐合带异常偏强、偏北等。在上述大气环流的影响下，我国的天气气候发生了异常。     

雷暴天气的多普勒雷达VWP资料特征分析

通过对西峰冰雹和强降水的2次强雷暴典型个例的分析,揭示了冰雹和强降水的多普勒雷达VWP资料的前兆特征.结果表明:强对流天气一般在干区(无云区,VWP图中表现为"ND")基本消失后发生,2次强对流天气过程的环境低层风切变明显,但冰雹的产生一般出现在风向随高度逆转有冷平流的环境中,而强降水出现在风向随高度顺转暖平流的环境中,并且这种风场的垂直变化特征维持时间长.强对流冰雹暴云西北气流从高层向下扩展到2.7 km,强降水西南水汽输送达到5.5 km高度以上,并且伴有低空急流存在.对2006年西峰发生的强对流雷暴天气进行分析,基本都存在风场的这种垂直分布特征,这一特征对短时临近预报有较好的指示意义.     

2002年河南6次高温天气过程对比分析

从形势场、要素场和数值预报产品等方面,对2002年河南省6次区域性高温天气过程进行对比分析,找出了影响系统的若干特征及河南高温天气过程预报信息。