江西抚州2008年低温雨雪冰冻天气过程成因分析

利用常规气象资料、数值预报产品,从天气形势、物理量等方面,分析了2008年1月12日-2月2日江西抚州长时间低温、雨雪、冰冻天气过程的成因。结果表明,乌拉尔山阻塞高压的建立、青藏高原南侧到孟加拉湾南支低槽异常活跃、西北太平洋副热带高压偏强偏北,为这次过程的发生提供了有利的环流背景;700hPa西南风急流不仅为低温冻雨的发生提供了充沛的水汽条件和动力条件,而且还有利于中低层逆温层结的形成和维持;过程后期赣中、赣南的暴雨区,与垂直速度所表现的强烈上升区相对应。     

石林隧道底鼓灾害的特征与机理研究

基于石林隧道现场地质调查及底鼓灾害的特征分析,得到了围岩特性、地层压力、地下水、支护形式和围岩流变等诱发该隧道底鼓灾害的因素; 通过深入分析各种因素的致灾过程,表明石林隧道底鼓灾害是一种集遇水膨胀性和挤压流动性为一体,且极具时效变形特性的综合型底鼓。考虑底板下近断层的影响,将石林隧道底板岩层视为板壳结构,通过理论分析得到基于非关联诱导因子群作用下隧道底鼓量的估算公式,表明隧道底板岩层弯曲失稳引起的底鼓量对总底鼓量起关键控制作用。研究结果可进一步深化对隧道底鼓灾害的认识,为灾害防治措施的制定提供可靠依据。     

潇逸星空：飞扬的星愿

在这个经常被雷雨天气所笼罩的夏季,内蒙草原或许是最适合漫游星空的地方了。     

桐木沟锌矿床矿体底板的方解钠长石岩

桐木沟锌矿床产于秦岭泥盆系多金属成矿带中,在其层状矿体的底板整合地发育一种主要由钠长石和方解石组成的岩石——方解钠长石岩。本文通过对方解钠长石岩的地质特征和地球化学特征的研究,认为其属热水沉积成因,是热水沉积成矿作用的早期产物。     

乡土地理背景试题分析及教学建议--以2009～2014年高考安徽卷为例

本文以安徽省2009～2014年高考地理试题中乡土地理背景试题为例,探讨乡土地理背景试题的命题特点及其对地理教学的启示。     

河流的凹岸与凸岸问题详解

正河流是自然地理环境的重要组成要素,对河流的考查一直是高考命题的钟情点。没有水的世界缺少灵动,没有河流的考卷也同样显得枯燥。以河流的水文特征及河流对区域环境的影响作为命题的载体,能很好地考查学生对自然地理环境整体性与差异性的理解,尤其是考查河流的凹岸与凸岸问题,成为今年高考的一个新亮点。     

中国分省尺度人口分布适宜度研究(英文)

The relationship between population distribution and resources, environment and social-economic development has a significant influence on the human development. This paper set up a set of index system and model methods for the assessment of the coordination between population and resources, environment and social-economic development, and it quantitatively evaluated this coordination at the provincial scale in 2000 and 2010 respectively. Based on this set of index system, the suitability degree and the spatial-temporal pattern of population distribution at the provincial scale were carefully characterized. The restriction of population distribution at the provincial scale was graded and classified, and the coordinated development strategy of population, resources, environment and social economy was finally put forward. The results showed that:(1) The environmental suitability of population distribution at the provincial scale was generally high in China, which tended to be stable from 2000 to 2010.(2) The restriction of water and land resources at the provincial scale was generally strong in China, but it tended to be weak from 2000 to 2010.(3) The coordination degree between the social-economic development and population distribution at the provincial scale was mostly at a middle level, which was in the positive upward path from 2000 to 2010.(4) The suitability of population distribution at the provincial scale was mostly at a middle level, all of which was rising from 2000 to 2010.(5) The coordination degree between population distribution and resources, environment and social-economic development at the provincial scale was divided into four grades, including basic coordination, relative coordination, awaited coordination and urgent-needed coordination.(6) The basic ways to promote the coordinated development of population, resources and environment in different regions in China can be summarized as: implementing the strategy of population agglomeration and evacuation, guiding the orderly flow of population, optimizing the spatial distribution of population and drawing up the spatial planning of population development.     

二塘沟水库右岸滑坡体稳定性分析

本文在研究二塘沟水库枢纽工程的地质环境条件、水库右岸滑坡形成的地质环境、变形破坏特征和滑坡稳定性影响因素的基础上,对二塘沟水库右岸边坡进行稳定性分析,计算结果表明右岸滑坡体只在重力作用下处于临界稳定状态,不满足工程长期运行安全要求,但在滑坡体采取削坡改造和锚固处理措施后边坡的稳定系数明显提高.     

我国干湿气候区划研究进展

本文回顾和综述了20世纪中期以来我国在干湿气候区划指标、潜在蒸散计算方法、干湿气候区划等级划分标准及命名方式等方面的研究进展,在此基础上给出了利用干燥度指数进行干湿气候区划的计算方法和等级划分标准,并利用1981-2010年全国2207站的气象观测资料,对近30年来我国干湿气候空间特征进行了分析。结果表明,最近30年我国干旱区（包括极干旱、干旱和亚干旱区）面积为469.2万km²,占国土面积的48.8%,其中极干旱区、干旱区和亚干旱区面积分别为87.8万km²、209.2万km²和172.2万km²,分别占国土面积的9.1%、21.8%和17.9%,主要分布于新疆、内蒙古、西藏、青海、甘肃等西部地区;亚湿润区、湿润区和极湿润区面积占我国国土面积的比例分别为16.2%、27.8%和8.8%,主要位于我国长江以南及东北部分地区。