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利用1961—2008年NCEP/NCAR全球月平均海表温度(SST)与风场再分析资料和宁夏气象信息中心提供的宁夏19个观测站的5月降水资料,采用EOF分解、相关普查和距平合成方法,分析了宁夏5月降水的时空变化规律和前期1-4月全球SST与宁夏5月降水的相关关系,寻找出SST影响降雨的显著相关区。结果表明,宁夏5月降水的EOF第一主分量的方差贡献率接近75%,时间系数分布总体略呈凸型。前期SST和5月降水之间存在显著相关关系,正相关区主要在赤道东太平洋海区、赤道印度洋海区和中大西洋海区以及阿拉斯加南部附近的海面,而显著负相关区的面积较小。2月达到90%以上置信度的相关格点数最多,4月最少。降水偏多、少年对应的SST距平合成场具有相反的特征,正、负距平中心的位置基本一致,与对应各月的相关显著区大部分重合,降水偏多年的正相关对应正距平中心,负相关对应负距平中心;降水偏少年则相反,具有很好的一致性。 相似文献
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From the simulation of storm surges resulting from Typhoons 7203 and 8509 in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea, water level data at tide stations are assimilated into a two-dimensional storm surge model, to study the spatially varying drag coefficient (DC) by employing the adjoint method. In this study, the DC at some grid points is uniformly selected as the independent DC, while the DC at other grid points is obtained through linear interpolation of the independent DC. The DC at independent points is optimized by employing the adjoint assimilation method, and global optimization is achieved by optimizing the independent DC. To demonstrate the method’s performance, three comparative experiments are carried out. In the first experiment, the DC is treated as a constant. In the second and third experiments, the DC is derived using an empirical formula. Comparing the experimental results, it is found that the simulation accuracy for both Typhoons 7203 and 8509 increases greatly when optimizing the independent DC. However, the number of independent points makes no great difference to the precision of simulation. Moreover, the DC inverted from Typhoons 7203 and 8509 differs in some sea areas because of the different typhoon tracks. However, the spatial distribution of the inverted DC, for both Typhoons 7203 and 8509, demonstrates a clear effect of the DC on the storm surge modeling near the coastal areas where the DC is highest or lowest. 相似文献
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针对目前旅游信息系统中旅游信息未与地理信息相结合的问题,以大明湖景区为例,提出了基于天地图API的旅游地理信息系统设计方案。该系统运用天地图丰富的开发接口,将景点信息标注在景区的电子地图上,以Web形式显示;并充分利用了GIS的查询和分析功能,可进行空间和属性查询以及旅游路线规划。该系统既满足了旅游信息系统的基本要求,又结合WebGIS的优势解决了游客旅行规划、信息查询一体化问题,提高了旅游信息获取的便捷性和自主性,有利于游客节约时间、节省资金。 相似文献