基于植被状态指数的云南省农业干旱状况时空分析

本文首先计算了云南省2004-2013年农业干旱指数VCI,然后使用Pearson相关系数评价降水与VCI的相关性,基于VCI识别云南省2004-2013年农业干旱事件,最后,与SPEI气象干旱识别结果进行对比分析,在VCI农业干旱识别的基础上,使用干旱频率和干旱面积占比指标分析了云南省2004-2013年农业干旱时空特征。结果表明：降水只是影响VCI指数的关键因素之一;VCI和SPEI指数均能够较好对干旱进行监测并识别典型干旱,但两者的识别结果存在差异;云南省农业干旱频率在春冬两季较高,夏季较低,秋季介于夏季和春冬季之间;春夏冬三季农业干旱频率空间分布较为均匀,秋季农业干旱频率呈南低北高的分布态势,整体上北部干旱频率高于南部;2004-2013年云南省整体干旱面积占比呈现先减小后增加再波动的趋势,春冬两季整体干旱面积占比最高,分别为46.63%和47.18%,呈现下降趋势,夏季整体干旱面积占比最低,为43.81%,呈现上升趋势,秋季整体干旱面积占比介于冬春季和夏季之间,为45.74%,呈现下降趋势。总之,云南省农业干旱春冬易发性最高,影响范围最大,夏季易发性最低,影响范围最小。     

北吕宋岛菲律宾活动带蛇绿岩及其上覆浊积岩的放射虫研究新进展

The basement of the Philippine Mobile Belt (PMB) is mainly composed of ophiolites that are mostly overlain by Paleogene to Miocene turbidites in central Luzon. To clarify the geological development of the PMB with respect to the initial stage of the arc volcanism (eg. Yumul et al., 2003, 2008; Dimalanta and Yumul, 2003; Suzuki et al., 2011), radiolarian dating was examined in siliceous sediments associated with the ophiolites and turbidites. The samples were collected from sites identified with the Zambales and Montalban ophiolites, basic tuff phyllites in NW Din-galan, and their overlying formations.     

基于同位素与水化学分析法的地下水补径排研究——以苏锡常地区浅层地下水为例

在分析研究区浅层地下水空间分布特征的基础上,采用同位素与化学分析相结合的方法研究苏锡常浅层地下水的补径排条件。利用氢氧同位素的分析结果,建立潜水与微承压水的δD-δ18O关系曲线,分析潜水含水层与河流、湖泊等地表水体关系以及微承水的蒸发程度;利用放射性同位素氚与14C研究微承水与现代水的补给关系;利用常规的水化学分析方法研究浅层地下水补给源的变化问题。结合研究区地下水水位、地层岩性、地形、地貌等多方面因素综合分析了浅层地下水的补径排条件,从而指导苏锡常地区浅层地下水合理开发利用。     

Petrology and Geochemistry of Post-Collisional Early Miocene Volcanism in the Karacada? Area (Central Anatolia, Turkey)

Early Miocene (ca.?21–18 Ma) volcanism in the Karacada? area comprises three groups of volcanic rocks: (1) calcalkaline suite (andesitic to rhyolitic lavas and their pyroclastics), (2) mildly-alkaline suite (alkali basalt, hawaiite, mugearite, benmoreite and trachydacite), and (3) a single trachyandesitic flow unit. Field observations, 40Ar/39Ar ages and geochemical data show that there was a progressive temporal transition from group 1 to 3 in a post-collisional tectonic setting. The calcalkaline suite rocks with medium-K in composition resemble those of subduction-related lavas, whereas the mildly-alkaline suite rocks having a sodic tendency (Na2O/K2O=1.5–3.2) resemble those of within-plate lavas. Incompatible element and Sr-Nd isotopic characteristics of the suites suggest that the lithospheric mantle beneath the Karacada? area was heterogeneously enriched by two processes before collision: (1) enrichment by subduction-related processes, which is important in the genesis of the calcalkaline volcanism, (2) enrichment by small degree melts from the astenosphere, which dominates the mildly alkaline volcanism. Perturbation of the enriched lithosphere by either delamination following collision and uplift or removal of the subducted slab following subduction and collision (i.e., slab breakoff) is the likely mechanism for the initiation of the post-collision volcanism.     

A New Genus and Species of Damsel-Dragonfly (Odonata: Isophlebioidea: Campterophlebiidae) in the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China

The campterophlebiid new genus and species Ctenogampsophlebia reni is described from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, China. It shows close similarities with the Lower to Middle Jurassic genera Gampsophlebia, and Petrophlebia, with closed and short subdiscoidal cells, confirming the attribution of these two other genera to the Campterophlebiidae.     

突发性大气污染事故应急监测系统的设计与开发

本文对突发性大气污染事故应急临测系统的总体需求、体系结构、功能模块和关键技术进行了分析.通过分析突发性大气污染事故应急监测工作业务流程,提出系统的建立需在存储和管理多种应急监测相关数据的基础上,并与应急监测业务保持一致.为保证系统的高安伞性、实时性与可靠性,采用部署在局域网内的客户机/服务器体系结构.本文详细阐述了系统...     

2013—2015年廊坊市连续重污染条件下的气象要素和污染物特征

通过综合运用micaps、自动站等气象资料,以及环境监测污染物浓度和AQI指数等资料,对2013—2015年廊坊市的连续重污染天气进行了分析,并细致分析探讨了在空气达到重污染背景下,气温、风向、风速、相对湿度等气象要素和多种空气污染物指数的分布特征。结果表明:(1)连续重污染具有明显的季节性特点,秋季开始出现,冬季达到顶峰,随着次年春季的到来逐渐减少至消失;(2)连续重污染的出现将导致气温升高,此时风向多为西南风—西风和偏东风,平均风速以0.3~1.5m·s^(-1)为主,最大风速多在1.6~3.3m·s^(-1)之间,相对湿度以60%~70%为最高发区间;(3)连续重污染天气的首要污染物为PM_(2.5)或PM_(10),其中以PM_(2.5)为主,比例高达94.3%,且呈逐年小幅下降趋势;(4)CO和SO_2浓度变化与采暖期污染物排放关系密切;(5)5月出现的连续重污染较少,且由大风沙尘天气造成。     

Petrogenesis of the ü?kap?l? Granitoid and its Mafic Enclaves in Elmal? Area (Ni?de, Central Anatolia, Turkey)

The Late Cretaceous ükapili Granitoid including mafic microgranular enclaves intruded into metapelitic and metabasic rocks, and overlain unconformably by Neogene ignimbrites in the Ni de area of Turkey. It is mostly granite and minor granodiorite in composition, whereas its enclaves are dominantly gabbro with a few diorites in composition. The ükapili Granitoid is composed mainly of quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, muscovite and minor amphibole while its enclaves contain mostly plagioclase, amphibole, minor pyroxene and biotite. The ükapili Granitoid has calcalkaline and peraluminous (A/CNK= 1.0-1.3) geochemical characteristics. It is characterized by high LILE/HFSE and LREE/HREE ratios ((La/Lu) N = 3-33), and has negative Ba, Ta, Nb and Eu anomalies, resembling those of collision granitoids. The ükapili Granitoid has relatively high 87Sr/86Sr (i) ratios (0.711189-0.716061) and low εNd (t) values (-5.13 to -7.13), confirming crustal melting. In contrast, the enclaves are tholeiitic and metaluminous, and slightly enriched in LILEs (K, Rb) and Th, and have negative Ta, Nb and Ti anomalies; propose that they were derived from a subduction-modified mantle source. Based on mineral and whole rock chemistry data, the ükapili granitoid is H-(hybrid) type, post-collision granitoid developed by mixing/mingling processes between crustal melts and mantle-derived mafic magmas.     

汶川M_S8.0地震的强余震流动观测

2008年5月12日汶川大地震发生后,中国地震局迅速组织开展了强余震流动观测,沿龙门山断裂附近布设了59台强震动仪器.在观测期间发生了万余次余震,流动观测台网获得了2000多组3分量的强余震记录.本文介绍了流动观测台布设的技术方法与关键步骤,初步处理了2008年5月25日青川6.4级最大余震的地震动记录,并分析了此次地震动衰减特征.此次流动观测充分表明,在大地震发生后,及时有效地开展强震动流动观测是十分必要的,其获得的余震地震动记录可为进一步的科研工作提供宝贵的基础资料.