CE-318型太阳光度计常见问题及其解决方法

介绍了CE-318型太阳光度计在运行过程中容易出现的问题,分析和说明了出现问题的原因,并给出了解决办法,提出了对仪器进行日、周、月、年检查、维护注意事项。旨在为台站观测技术人员提高CE-318型观测仪器的使用、维护和检修能力,进行仪器的常规检查和维护提供参考,也为提高仪器运行的稳定性和数据质量的可靠性提供基础保障。     

Aerosol optical properties and its radiative forcing over Yulin,China in 2001 and 2002

The aerosol optical properties and direct radiative forcing over the Mu Us desert of northern China, acquired through a CE318 sunphotometer of the ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), are analyzed. The seasonal variations in the aerosol optical properties are examined. The effect of meteorological elements (pressure, temperature, water vapor pressure, relative humidity and wind speed) on the aerosol optical properties is also studied. Then, the sources and optical properties under two different cases, a dust event and a pollution event, are compared. The results show that the high aerosol optical depth (AOD) found in Yulin was mostly attributed to the occurrence of dust events in spring from the Mu Us desert and deserts of West China and Mongolia, as well as the impacts of anthropogenic pollutant particles from the middle part of China in the other seasons. The seasonal variation and the probability distribution of the radiative forcing and the radiative forcing efficiency at the surface and the top of the atmosphere are analyzed and regressed using the linear and Gaussian regression methods.     

2003年秋季西安大气中黑碳气溶胶的演化特征及其来源解析

2003年9～11月在西安站点通过黑碳测量仪(Aethlometer)获得了大气细粒子中每5 min的黑碳气溶胶(BC)浓度,这些实时的BC浓度经过元素碳校对后,日平均浓度为10.2±5.8μg·m-3,其变化范围为1.8～27.5μg·m-3.BC浓度与污染指数(API)的变化具有良好的一致性(相关系数为0.64),表明BC是大气颗粒物污染的一个重要贡献.正常天气下,BC小时平均浓度呈三峰分布,这与机动车污染、居民活动和农村秸秆燃烧等来源相关联.通过降水天气下BC的浓度分布和BC浓度频次分布法,获得了西安大气中BC的本底浓度为4.5μg·m-3,以此估算了西安大气BC中不同来源的相对贡献,其中周边源对BC的贡献超过了1/3.这表明了该季节内城市周边农村秸秆燃烧对城市空气质量的显著贡献,需要进一步严格控制.     

北京地区地基辐射计与卫星云特性参数对比研究

利用2019年MODIS卫星数据、葵花-8卫星数据和天空辐射计观测数据分析北京城区云光学特性的时空分布特征。结果表明,北京地区的云光学厚度(Cloud optical depth,COD)和云滴有效半径(Cloud drop effective radius,CER)呈现明显的季节变化特征。北京地区COD主要分布特征为南部地区较高而北部地区较低,且夏季COD值明显高于其他季节,最高值为20左右。CER在春季和夏季呈现相反的区域分布特征,春季北京地区南低北高,夏季北京地区南高北低,而秋冬季CER明显低于春夏两季。通过将天空辐射计观测数据与卫星观测结果对比分析发现二者在COD方面一致性较高, r分别为0.69和0.66,MODIS对于CER数据的一致性较差,r值为0.053而葵花-8一致性较好r值为0.53。