ALKALINE INTRUSIVES OF LUTINGSHAN AND CH''IAOSHAN IN S.SHANSI

In recent years several localities of highly alkaline rocks have been dis-covered in Shansi by the National Geological Survey of China and the Sino-Swedish Research Institute.The results of investigation in this line up to 1927are embodied in the paper:"S     

陕西榆林地区的脱贫对策与制度创新

榆林地区是中国西部的贫困地区之一,目前仍有400000贫困人口,脱贫任务还很艰巨。造成本区贫困的主要原因是生态系统脆弱,经济系统低效,社会文化系统落后和政策体制不合理。提出的脱贫对策是通过小流域综合治理控制水土流失,调整扶贫的优先秩序,降低人口增长速度,立足综合资源优势提高经济效益,建立公平合理的政策体系。制度创新的关键在于给予地方政府矿产资源的部分所有权,荒地的长期使用和经营管理权,以及重视地方和农民的利益     

震后快速钻探:历史、现状与未来

大地震发生后立即在断层带上进行钻探可以帮助我们获取更多的地震信息,尤其是可获得决定断层动态破裂的摩擦水平和强度,观测断层的愈合过程及可能触发余震的应力变化,并可获取控制破裂过程的重要的物理和化学属性。在2008年11月由国际大陆科学钻探项目（ICDP）和南加州地震中心（SCEC）联合在日本东京举办的为期3天的“震后快速钻探：历史、现状与未来”研讨会上,     

大别造山带140～85 Ma热窿伸展作用

区域热年代和差异冷却特性表明, 140～85 Ma大别造山带进入热窿伸展作用时期, 由此引发基底广泛熔融、北淮阳剧烈火山喷溢以及合肥盆地断陷等过程. 这次热窿事件包括强热伸展阶段(140~105 Ma)和晚期衰退阶段(105~85 Ma). 在强热伸展阶段, 热窿区集中在大别/红安地块, 并以大别地块热窿作用最为强烈, 某种意义上可将红安地块视为大别热窿翼部. 大别热窿构造包括麻城-岳西热轴、穹核组合及其外围翼部, 热轴平行造山带延向展布, 北淮阳与高压/超高压(HP/UHP)岩石构成下滑翼部, 岳西、罗田热窿核分别占据麻城-岳西热轴东、西两端, 它们最终成型时代不一致. 热窿伸展进程伴随着大别强热中心沿着麻城-岳西热轴迁移摆动, 如果将热窿事件与造山带根部拆沉相联系, 这种拆沉作用应以间歇性、迁移性、规模性与区域差异性为特征. 在伸展衰退阶段(105~85 Ma), 大别造山带仍显现穹状热窿布局, 但其伸展强度、岩浆活动显著减弱. 解析热窿伸展作用, 对于认识大别HP/UHP岩折返模型、"南北大别界限"以及造山过程机理具有重要启示意义.     

九十年代低成本的观测系统

展望未来十年或更远一些的观测系统时,有两种可能的发展趋势。一是使用新技术进行各种测定,并且能做到目前尚不能完成的定量测定。新的数据可能会改变气象部门的情况,受影响最大的是分析人员和预报员,他们将使用新数据进行业务工作,同时,目前的建立在原来概念上的观测体系必将发生相应的变化。这对另一种发展趋势提出了要求,这种发展趋势是对现存观测体系进行合理改革,使得它们在新条件下有效工作。本文认为,常规观测系统的作用不会有大的变化,仍然是必要的,但需要控制它们的费用。     

全球增暖对甲烷生物圈源的影响及其气候后果

1.引言人们认为工业活动对全球气候的影响主要是二氧化碳的温室效应。近来,已经提出在北半球观测到的可能是由于人类活动产生的较高的臭氧浓度会造成气候增温0.2 K(Fishman等,1979)。而且,在气候-化学耦合     

美国现用大气质量模拟模式

一、前言根据《清洁空气法修正案》中“防止空气质量严重恶化”条款的规定,在一些重大的排放设施建成以前,要履行排放量批准手续,即对这些设施的大气质量影响作出预评价,因此,对大气质量模拟模式提出了更高要求。为了在模式的使用方面做到较为统一,1978     

THE PERMIAN SYSTEM OF THE NUJIANG—LANCANGJIANG—JINSHAJIANG AREA, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA

THE PERMIAN SYSTEM OF THE NUJIANG—LANCANGJIANG—JINSHAJIANG AREA, SOUTHWESTERN CHINA     

A Metallogenic Model of Gold Deposits of the Jiaodong Granite-Greenstone Belt

An analysis of trace elements and isotopic geochemistry suggest that the ore-forming materials of gold deposits in the Jiaodong granite-greenstone belt have multiple sources, especially the mantle source. Seismic wave, magnetic and gravity fields show that the crust-mantle structure and its coupling mechanism are the fundamental dynamic causes for the exchange and accumulation of materials and energy in the metallogenic system. Considering the evolution history of the structural setting, the tectono-metallogenic dynamics model of the area can be summarized as follows: (1) occurrence of the greenstone belt during the Archean-Proterozoic-the embryonic form of Au-source system; (2) stable tectonic setting in the Paleozoic-an intermittence in gold mineralization; (3) intensive activation and reformation of the greenstone belt in the Mesozoic-tectono-mineralization and tectono-diagensis; (4) posthumous structural activity in the Cenozoic-destruction of orebodies in the later stage. In the middle and late Ind     

Parameterization of the Absorption of the H_2O Continuum,CO_2,O_2,and Other Trace Gases in the Fu-Liou Solar Radiation Program

The absorption properties of the water vapor continuum and a number of weak bands for H2O, O2, CO2, CO, N2O, CH4, and O3 in the solar spectrum are incorporated into the Fu-Liou radiation parameterization program by using the correlated k-distribution method (CKD) for the sorting of absorption lines. The overlap absorption of the H2O lines and the H2O continuum (2500-14500 cm-1) are treated by taking the two gases as a single-mixture gas in transmittance calculations. Furthermore, in order to optimize the computation efforts, CO2 and CH4 in the spectral region 2850-5250 cm-1 are taken as a new single-mixture gas as well. For overlap involving other absorption lines in the Fu-Liou spectral bands, the authors adopt the multiplication rule for transmittance computations under which the absorption spectra for two gases are assumed to be uncorrelated. Compared to the line-by-line (LBL) computation, it is shown that the errors in fluxes introduced by these two approaches within the context of the CKD method are small and less than 0.48% for the H2O line and continuum in the 2500-14500 cm-1 solar spectral region, -1% for H2O (line) H2O (continuum) CO2 CH4 in the spectral region 2850-5250 cm-1, and -1.5% for H2O (line) H2O (continuum) O2 in the 7700-14500 cm-1 spectral region. Analysis also demonstrates that the multiplication rule over a spectral interval as wide as 6800 cm-1 can produce acceptable errors with a maximum percentage value of about 2% in reference to the LBL calculation. Addition of the preceding gases increases the absorption of solar radiation under all sky conditions. For clear sky, the increase in instantaneous solar absorption is about 9%-13% (~12 W m~2) among which the H2O continuum produces the largest increase, while the contributions from O2 and CO2 rank second and third, respectively. In cloudy sky, the addition of absorption amounts to about 6-9 W m-2. The new, improved program with the incorporation of the preceding gases produces a smaller solar absorption in clouds due to the reduced solar flux reaching the cloud top.