区域生态安全综合评价模型分析

区域生态安全评价需通过评价模型实现。而此类模型的构建则要克服理论、技术、方法、数据等方面的巨大障碍。文章根据生态环境系统的本质特征,对层次分析方法、灰色系统方法、模糊数学方法、变权方法等常用区域生态安全评价模型进行优化的复合,以期获得更加贴近实际情况的评价结论。在此基础上,构建层次分析-变权-模糊-灰色关联复合模型,作为区域生态安全综合评价的评价模型。     

水质遥感监测技术研究进展

该文综述水质遥感监测研究的发展状况,阐述水质遥感监测的机理,介绍常用的遥感数据、遥感监测方法及其对叶绿素a、悬浮物、黄色物质等水质指标遥感监测的应用进展,提出该领域发展存在的主要问题,展望其发展方向和研究重点。     

大型油田GIS软件工程项目的实施管理技术初探--以"大庆油田地面建设信息系统"为例

该文以基于GIS技术的“大庆油田地面建设信息系统”为例，阐述开发一个成功的大型油田GIS软件工程项目所采用的共建共管、集中实施的机制和纵横结合、并行开发、强调实用、动态调整的技术方法，以及建立的一套行之有效的项目运行的考核办法。同时介绍软硬件系统管理需要注意的若干问题。     

GIS中的模糊形态运算

空间数据的不确定性是当前GIS领域的研究难点之一。为了描述空间数据的模糊性,把模糊集理论引入GIS,以加强GIS对模糊现象建模的能力,因而产生了模糊数据。但现有GIS缺乏对模糊数据分析和处理的能力。该文把模糊集理论引入数学形态学,提出能处理模糊数据的模糊形态运算,并给出模糊形态运算的隶属函数,使传统的数学形态学能够处理模糊数据且容易在计算机上实现。     

北京城市湿地时空演变及驱动力定量分析(英文)

The decision tree and the threshold methods have been adopted to delineate boundaries and features of water bodies from LANDSAT images. After a spatial overlay analysis and using a remote sensing technique and the wetland inventory data in Beijing, the water bodies were visually classified into different types of urban wetlands, and data on the urban wetlands of Beijing in 1986, 1991, 1996, 2000, 2002, 2004 and 2007 were obtained. Thirteen driving factors that affect wetland change were selected, and gray correlation analysis was employed to calculate the correlation between each driving factor and the total area of urban wetlands. Then, six major driving factors were selected based on the correlation coefficient, and the contribution rates of these six driving factors to the area change of various urban wetlands were calculated based on canonical correlation analysis. After that, this research analyzed the relationship and mechanism between the main driving factors and various types of wetlands. Five conclusions can be drawn. (1) The total area of surface water bodies in Beijing increased from 1986 to 1996, and gradually decreased from 1996 to 2007. (2) The areas of the river wetlands, water storage areas and pool and culture areas gradually decreased, and its variation tendency is consistent with that of the total area of wetlands. The area of the mining water areas and wastewater treatment plants slightly increased. (3) The six factors of driving forces are the annual rainfall, the evaporation, the quantity of inflow water, the volume of groundwater available, the urbanization rate and the daily average discharge of wastewater are the main factors affecting changes in the wetland areas, and they correlate well with the total area of wetlands. (4) The hydrologic indicators of water resources such as the quantity of inflow water and the volume of groundwater are the most important and direct driving forces that affect the change of the wetland area. These factors have a combined contribution rate of 43.94%. (5) Climate factors such as rainfall and evaporation are external factors that affect the changes in wetland area, and they have a contribution rate of 36.54%. (6) Human activities such as the urbanization rate and the daily average quantity of waste-water are major artificial driving factors. They have an influence rate of 19.52%.     

不确定区域间拓扑关系定性推理

提出不确定区域间拓扑关系的组合描述法,它对拓扑关系的描述能力与扩展九交完全相同.但组合描述模型的优点在于用已有的5种面/面基本拓扑关系的组合来表示44种不确定区域间的复杂拓扑关系,可以把44种复杂拓扑关系的推理转化为5种基本拓扑关系推理的组合,从而实现不确定区域间拓扑关系的推理.     

基于知识的地质剖面图生成器研究和实现

三维数据的获取一直是地质体可视化的难点,三维剖面建模技术通过二维的剖面图来描述地层等信息,将三维问题二维化,为三维数据获取提供了解决方案。但在利用计算机自动绘制剖面图的过程中,不但需要钻孔数据,还需要利用专家知识来绘制剖面图,因此提出将已有的专家手工绘制的剖面图作为一个重要的数据来源,生成虚拟钻孔数据,获取剖面生成知识。在此基础上,给出基于知识的剖面器开发方法,研究剖面图的数据模型和知识应用模型,并给出剖面图生成实例。     

DPGrid_LAT在尾矿库无人机遥感影像处理中的应用

介绍DPGrid_LAT在尾矿库无人机遥感影像处理中的应用,以及软件的特点和优势。通过对软件拼接结果精度的分析发现,该软件能够满足海量无人机数据处理和应急需要。     

通化市环境地貌与城市建设研究

通过对通化市地貌过程、地表形态和地面组成物质的研究 ,划分出十种不同的环境地貌类型 ,阐述不同环境地貌条件对城市的布局、道路建设、给排水系统等的影响 ,探讨城市发展的方向与城市建设。     

基于3S一体化技术的鹿泉市土地利用动态监测

该文采用 3S一体化技术建立了鹿泉市土地利用动态监测系统。依靠GPS对空间数据快速定位 ,RS数据发现土地动态变化区域 ,再利用GIS平台进行空间数据组织、管理、分析与可视化。据此 ,分析 1986～ 1996年鹿泉市土地利用动态变化情况。