我国海南岛热带土壤中元素的地球化学特征

我国海南岛属热带季雨林-砖红壤地带。主要地带性土壤为砖红壤,同时还有赤红壤、燥红壤、滨海盐土和水稻土等。在900公尺以上的山地,尚有山地黄壤的分布。 高温多雨的气候条件和强烈的生物地球化学作用,使该地区的自然地理过程终年进行,而且强度很大,形成深厚的红色风化壳。土壤形成过程也相当强烈。在成土过程中,     

电站附近水域泥沙淤积的示踪研究

近年来示踪技术作为研究水动力和泥沙冲淤规律的工具得到越来越广泛的应用。示踪技术比传统的水文观测方法方便、准确。传统研究方法往往只能进行定点或走航采样监测,而示踪技术则能准确判定某一区域泥沙或水流的具体运动过程和最终运动结果,甚至给出定量的结论,从而为数学模型参数的确定提供有效的依据。Pujol使用3H监测西班牙Ebro河的横向扩散速率[1],Albert在Ebo河用同样的方法研究水     

新一代地理信息系统(GIS)发展趋势浅议

从GIS技术功能、应用及GIS硬件、软件、数据及模型4要素论述了信息时代GIS的特点和发展趋势,并对地理信息系统(GIS)认识和发展趋势的争论作了总结.     

黄淮海平原耕地功能演变的时空特征及其驱动机制（英文）

Using counties as the basic analysis unit,this study established an evaluation index system for farmland function(FF) from economic,social,and ecological perspectives.The method combining entropy weighting and multiple correlation coefficient weighting was adopted to determine the weights,and the FF indices were calculated for each county.Subsequently,the spatio-temporal characteristics of farmland function evolution(FFE) were analyzed and the coupled relationships between the sub-functions were explored based on a coupling coordination model.At the same time,the dynamic mechanism of FFE was quantitatively analyzed using a spatial econometric regression analysis method.The following major conclusions were drawn:(1) The farmland economic function generally exhibited a declining trend during 1990–2010,and it is essential to point out that it was stronger in underdeveloped and agriculture-dominated counties,while it continuously weakened in developed areas.Farmland social function decreased in 60.29% of the counties,whereas some counties,which were mostly located in north of Zhengzhou and west of Dezhou and Cangzhou,Yantai,and Weihai,clearly increased.A dramatic decline in farmland ecological function occurred around Beijing,Tianjin,and Jinan.Areas located in the northern part of Henan Province and the central part of Shandong Province saw an increase in ecological function.(2) There was a significant spatial difference in the coupling degree and coordination degree of the sub-functions,and the decoupling phenomenon highlighted this.The changes in social function and ecological function lagged behind economic function in developed areas,but these were highly coupled in some underdeveloped areas.(3) FFE in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain(HHHP) is resulted from the comprehensive effects of regional basic conditions and external driving factors.Furthermore,the transitions of population and industry under urbanization and industrialization played a decisive role in the evolution intensity and direction of farmland sub-systems,including the economy,society,and the ecology.According to the results mentioned above,promoting the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agricultureshould be regarded as an important engine driving sustainable development in the HHHP.Taking different regional characteristics of FFE into account,differentiated and diversified farmland use and management plans should be implemented from more developed urban areas to underdeveloped traditional agricultural areas.     

浅析提高工业用地利用效益的对策

平湖市是一个土地资源小市,全市陆域面积仅537平方公里,2011年实现生产总值395亿元,人均生产总值超8万元,     

深井密封容器的耐压计算

运用经典和近代材料力学的理论对深井密封容器的耐压性能进行计算，根据计算结果及相关材料的特性，对科研课题所需的材料进行初步筛选，给出一定安全系数下容器的最小壁厚。     

对城镇数字地籍调查几个关键问题的探讨

在数字地籍调查中,宗地依附的现状地物发生变化的情况很普遍,对于依附现状地物发生变化的宗地处理情况,各地作业也没有统一的方法。本文结合整个城镇数字地籍调查项目的规划和实际作业中的一些例子,对城镇数字地籍调查过程中的三个关键问题,即"宗地原始库整理(各种类型注销宗地情况分析)"、"宗地与现势地形的匹配"、"构建与宗地有关三个面的用处"给出自己的分析和解决方法,供探讨。     

空间静电加速度计研究之进展

介绍了空间静电加速度计的发展过程和已经达到的精度。     

海上定向钻穿越泥浆体系研究

摘 要:定向钻泥浆在陆地作业过程中已经发展成熟,但在海上施工过程中,由于海水的侵入,泥浆会产生絮凝、分离以及性能突变等情况;在穿越施工过程中容易引起阻卡、坍塌等事故严重影响海上定向钻穿越的施工效率。针对海上定向钻穿越工程,通过室内实验研究了海水环境对泥浆性能的影响,结合海上环境保护的要求,构建了一套适合于海上定向钻施工的泥浆体系:海水＋0.3％ Na_２ CO_３ ＋10％短纤维海泡石＋0.2％植物纤维-2＋0.5％增黏剂-6;综合评价以及现场应用表明其能够满足海上建设开发的作业需求。      

大直径超长管桩打桩过程中土塞性状研究

大直径超长桩的可打入分析是海洋平台打桩施工顺利进行的重要保障,土塞是否闭合的判断对于桩基可打入性分析具有较大的影响,因此,合理准确的土塞判断结果对提高桩的可打入分析的准确性具有重要的意义。以现场静力触探(CPTU)试验数据为依据,采用孔扩张理论推导了基于CPTU测试结果的桩端土的极限承载力计算公式;在求解桩端土体承载力时考虑了管桩与土体的刚度差异,同时考虑到打桩过程中的土体扰动。采用Randolph推荐的方法得到了土塞阻力,将两者进行比较,进而判断土塞的状态。通过实际工程的实测数据,对各个土层的土塞状况进行了判别,并根据判别情况采用波动方程的方法对桩基的可打入性进行了分析,将预测结果和现场的打桩记录进行了比较。计算结果显示,提出的方法与实测结果更为接近,有效地提高了桩的可打入性的预测精度。