青藏高原龙木错地区志留纪大型古三角洲沉积体系的识别及其意义

青藏高原龙木错地区发现了完整的志留纪地层,新建了早中志留世龙木错组、中晚志留世单面山组和晚顶志留世心形湖组。志留纪经历了开阔海台地—闭塞海湾—三角洲—潮坪的环境演变过程。其中单面山组下段发育大型古三角洲沉积,由前三角洲、三角洲前缘和三角洲平原构成。其中三角洲平原的分流河道、天然堤、决口扇、分流河道间湾、湖泊、沼泽等微相发育,沉积厚度巨大。晚志留世大型三角洲沉积的发现,海陆变化频繁的沉积环境,龙木错以东的五指山等地中上泥盆统不整合于奥陶系—志留系之上,证明龙木错-双湖缝合带北侧受到晚加里东运动的影响,与羌塘南部地区的沉积建造存在截然的差异。因此,这一现象的发现有助于了解羌南、羌北的构造演化,为探讨南、北古大陆的板块边界提供基础资料。     

我国水资源研究与发展的若干思考

我国水资源具有人均占有量少、时空分布不均、水土资源不匹配、人类活动影响显著等特点,加上经济社会快速发展造成水资源供需矛盾突出,水资源态势十分严峻。切实实行最严格水资源综合管理、提高水资源利用效率、建设水资源安全保障的科技支撑体系,关系到我国全面建设小康社会的大局。分析了当前水资源研究的发展趋势,总结了国内研究现状与不足...     

论铜陵半岛

以沉积学理论为依据，对发育于铜陵地区周缘地带的早石炭世地层进行了研究，证明具有边缘相沉积，说明铜陵地区缺失的早石炭世地层并非后期剥蚀，而应是古陆──铜陵半岛。     

安徽南部石炭纪的构造与古地理

区域地质概况 (一) 古地理、构造轮廓下扬子区的安徽部分,由于受华力西运动的影响,以及成生时代尚不清楚的沿江断裂与形成于加里东早期的江南深断裂的控制,在早石炭世岩关晚期形成“三隆两坳”的古地理格局(图1)。张八岭隆起:位于嘉山一滁县一带,该隆起存在时间较长,早石炭世为陆地,形成剥蚀区,是巢庐坳陷碎屑物的主要来     

一种新的火山岩类型——边缘陆块型火山岩

兴安岭群形成于中生代,主要分布于大兴安岭地区,是一套火山熔岩、火山碎屑岩、沉火山碎屑岩和少量正常沉积岩的岩石组合。构成大兴安岭中生代火山岩带的主体。该火山岩带纵向延伸超过一千多公里,和华北、华南中国东部中生代火山岩带相连。横向遍及整个东北地区.向西进入蒙古和俄罗     

长江中下游流域旱涝急转事件特征分析及其与ENSO的关系（英文）

During recent decades,more frequent flood-drought alternations have been seen in China as a result of global climate change and intensive human activities,which have significant implications on water and food security.To better identify the characteristics of flood-drought alternations,we proposed a modified dry-wet abrupt alternation index(DWAAI)and applied the new method in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin(YRB-ML)to analyze the long-term spatio-temporal characteristics of dry-wet abrupt alternation(DWAA)events based on the daily precipitation observations at 75 rainfall stations in summer from 1960 to 2015.We found that the DWAA events have been spreading in the study area with higher frequency and intensity since 1960.In particular,the DWAA events mainly occurred in May and June in the northwest of the YRB-ML,including Hanjiang River Basin,the middle reaches of the YRB,north of Dongting Lake and northwest of Poyang Lake.In addition,we also analyzed the impact of El Ni?o Southern Oscillation(ENSO)on DWAA events in the YRB-ML.The results showed that around 41.04%of DWAA events occurred during the declining stages of La Ni?a or within the subsequent 8 months after La Ni?a,which implies that La Ni?a events could be predictive signals of DWAA events.Besides,significant negative correlations have been found between the modified DWAAI values of all the rainfall stations and the sea surface temperature anomalies in the Nino3.4 region within the 6 months prior to the DWAA events,particularly for the Poyang Lake watershed and the middle reaches of the YRB.This study has significant implications on the flood and drought control and water resources management in the YRB-ML under the challenge of future climate change.     

高强度人类活动影响下永定河北京段水质水量模拟

自然条件下的河流水质模型在高强度人类活动影响的城市河流应用中存在局限性,构建耦合人类活动影响的水质模型是识别城市河流水质变化的关键。针对永定河北京段自然水循环与再生水、循环管线回水及外调水等人类活动相互作用的特点,构建了基于分布式时变增益水文模型与一维稳态的水质过程耦合的模型,分析了不同调水情景下永定河北京段水质变化过程。应用表明该模型在永定河北京段具有良好的适用性,不仅能描述过去天然条件、现状条件下水质过程,同时能应用于未来规划情景下的水质预测,同时表明外调水工程对永定河北京段的水量水质有显著的改善作用。     

水文循环模拟中蒸散发估算方法综述(英文)

Actual evapotranspiration is a key process of hydrological cycle and a sole term that links land surface water balance and land surface energy balance.Evapotranspiration plays a key role in simulating hydrological effect of climate change,and a review of evapotranspiration estimation methods in hydrological models is of vital importance.This paper firstly summarizes the evapotranspiration estimation methods applied in hydrological models and then classifies them into the integrated converting methods and the classification gathering methods by their mechanism.Integrated converting methods are usually used in hydrological models and two differences exist among them:one is in the potential evaporation estimation methods,while the other in the function for defining relationship between potential evaporation and actual evapotranspiration.Due to the higher information requirements of the Penman-Monteith method and the existing data uncertainty,simplified empirical methods for calculating potential and actual evapotranspiration are widely used in hydrological models.Different evapotranspiration calculation methods are used depending on the complexity of the hydrological model,and importance and difficulty in the selection of the most suitable evapotranspiration methods is discussed.Finally,this paper points out the prospective development trends of the evapotranspiration estimating methods in hydrological modeling.     

基于VBM的AD患者整体认知水平与脑灰质容积关系的横断面研究

目的:探讨阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者脑灰质容积与整体认知功能水平的关系。方法:收集AD患者20例,MCI患者17例,健康老年对照组（NC）12例,在1.5T MR扫描仪上行T1-3DBRAVO （brain volume）序列检查,利用VBM测出脑灰质容积,行MMSE检查并得出评分,将脑灰质容积与MMSE评分进行多元回归分析,以及运用ROC曲线对所有患者脑灰质容积的诊断效能进行评价分析。结果:所有受试者随着脑灰质容积减少,MMSE评分也减少,脑灰质容积每减少10 mL,MMSE评分下降0.57分（P<0.01）,男性患者与低龄组下降的幅度更显著。所有患者脑灰质容积ROC曲线AUC为0.927,最佳阈值为538.49 mL,特异度为90.0%,敏感度为84.6%。结论:所有受试者脑灰质容积下降,整体认知功能水平也下降;所有患者与对照组脑灰质容积可以反映整体认知功能水平,脑灰质容积测量对AD的诊断可提供有价值的信息。