偏心海链藻形态变异的观察及原因的初步研究

观察研究了偏心海链藻壳面形态的变异及变异的原因。结果表明，壳面形态变异是偏心海链藻的典型特征，依变异程度不同可分为４种类型；硅含量对其壳面形态影响显著，但硅质不足是形态变异的唯一原因。     

我国不同产地卤虫生物学的初步研究

选用了孤雌生殖的4个卤虫品系,它们是山东埕口盐场(C),福建惠安盐场(H),青海柯柯盐湖(K),以及海南岛莺歌海盐场(Y)。对卤虫品系进行了染色体倍数的观察和温、盐度对生长、生殖的影响试验。并从养殖观点讨论了各品系的优劣。     

溶藻弧菌引起中国对虾红腿病的回接实验观察

红腿病是中国对虾养殖中的主要病害之一其发病时间长、蔓延速度快、死亡率高、危害大,前些年,由于红腿病的严重困扰,使对虾产量丰歉不定,经济效益忽高忽低,有时则严重亏损.因此,加强对对虾红腿病的研究进而寻求防治措施,对于确保养虾业持续稳定发展具有重要意义.     

河口有孔虫的搬运作用及其古环境意义(Ⅰ)

研究微体化石的搬运作用,不仅为区别埋葬群与生物群、正确再造原地的古生物组合所必需,而且可以为古环境研究提供重要信息.早在五十年代初就认识到有孔虫死亡后,其壳体象一般沉积颗粒一样,被水流搬运(Illings,1950),因而需要辨别原地与异地埋葬的微体化石群(Canter,1951;Jones,1958).有孔虫搬运作用的室内试验,始于法国的Berthois et Le Calvez(1960),他们首先探索了浮游有孔虫壳体与石英颗粒在水层中沉降速度的比较.后来,西德Diester(1972)进一步作了沉降试验;美国Berger＆Piper(1972)研究了浮游有孔虫不同种的差异性沉降作用,提出用沉降速度的分级求水流搬运作用的方法;而Yamashiro(1975)则发现用壳体的粒度分析更能指示搬运作用的强度.西德Seibold(1978)也讨论了各种浮游有孔虫沉降速度的差异可能引起的埋葬群动力分选.墨西哥Fok-Pun等(1983)则进一步研究了水介质密度与壳形对沉降速度     

辽河油田地区地下水水质的熵权属性识别评价

针对辽河油田存在的水环境问题,为保证饮水安全,以地下水环境调查的基本数据为依据,建立了该区地下水水质评价指标体系,制定了评价基准,采用熵权属性识别模型进行了上第三系地下水水质综合评价。该模型通过评价样本信息确定熵权,避免了权重确定的主观偏差,简单易懂,评价结果可靠。     

Experiment of near surface layer parameters in ice camp over Arctic Ocean

Estimates of near surface layer parameters over 78°N drifting ice in ice camp over the Arctic ocean are made using bulk transfer methods with the data from the experiments operated by the Chinese Arctic Scientific Expedition in August 22-September 3,2003.The results show that the net radiation received by the snow surface is only 3.6 W/m2,among which the main part transported into atmosphere in term of sensible heat and latent heat,which account for 52% and 31% respectively,and less part being transported to deep ice in the conductive process.The bulk transfer coefficient of momentum is about 1.16×10-3 in the near neutral layer,which is a little smaller than that obtained over 75°N drifting ice.However,to compare with the results observed over 75°N drifting ice over the Arctic Ocean in 1999,it can be found that the thermodynamic and momentum of interactions between sea and air are significant different with latitudes,concentration and the scale of sea ice.It is very important on considering the effect of sea-air-ice interaction over the Arctic Ocean when studying climate modeling.     

国际冰冻圈研究动态和我国冰冻圈研究的现状与展望

介绍了世界气候研究计划 (WCRP) /气候与冰冻圈 (CliC) 计划所代表的国际冰冻圈研究基本特点与未来趋势;分析了我国冰冻圈独特的区域特点, 阐明我国冰冻圈是维系干旱区绿洲经济发展和确保寒区生态系统稳定的重要水源保障, 其气候效应、环境效应、资源效应和生态效应正日趋显著并广泛地影响到西部生态与环境安全和水资源持续利用, 因而不仅具有科学上的重要性, 而且具有国家战略需求上的紧迫性。 提出未来我国冰冻圈研究应重点加强冰冻圈过程研究、记录研究、冰冻圈与气候模拟、冰冻圈与水资源以及冰冻圈变化的影响、适应与对策综合评估等5个方面的工作, 逐步完善并形成我国冰冻圈科学体系。     

Interdecadal oscillations of temperatures in 1903-2002 over the Antarctic Peninula

<正> In the paper,by use of the monthly mean temperature data of 12 sta-tions in the vicinity of Antarctic Peninsula,the temperature series during 1903-2000 is founded and the interdecadal oscillation of the temperature are discussed.The results indicate that 1) There are three jumps during 1919-1923,1947-1953 and 1976-1982 in recent hundred years and the stable climate step betweentwo jump points lasted about 30 years.2)Annual mean temperature is increasedby 0.730℃ in an echelon during 1903-2000,the warming extent is dissimilarityin each season,the maximum of warming is in the winter and the minimum ofwarming is in summer.3)The ice decline trend is presented in the index of Iceconcentration in the vicinity sea of Antarctic Peninsula,which shows a-0.2053/10a drop,and the decrease trend of the ice concentration index in summerhalf year(Dec-May)is found much more obviously than that in winter half year(Jun-Nov).4)There is better negative relationship between the temperature andthe Ice concentration index in Antarctic Peninsula and its vicinity sea,which cor-relation coefficient of is exceed the significance level of 5% in summer,autumnand annual. Antarctic Peninsula,temperature,sea ice,oscillation.     

地球环境和全球变化研究中心简介

地球环境和全球变化研究中心的研究目标是针对全球变化研究领域中新的分支学科”地球环境和气候变化的系统”和气象业务现代化进程中遇到的相关高新技术问题开展研究。研究中产心旨在提高我国环境和气候系统变化及其相互影响和相互作用的检测和预测水平,并开展基础理论研究和应用基础研究,建设成为我国一流水平的研究中心。中心有部门级大气化学开放实验室、计算机室、青海瓦里关山大气本底观象台、3个区域大气本底站、3个臭氧观测站、包括86个站点的酸雨网、中南极长城气象站和中山气象站。具有装备先进的大气化学和大气边界层野外科学试…     

中国气象科学研究院与NOAA合作开展碳循环观测试验的访美报告

2003年出席中美气候变化工作组第三次会议的3位美方科学家R.Schell(NOAA气候监测诊断实验室负责人)、J.Buizer(NOAA全球计划办公室资深科学家)、J.Schrager(美国环保局全球变化计划办公室处长)