华北板块北缘中段早石炭世构造属性:察哈尔右翼后旗高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩地球化学的制约

察哈尔右翼后旗二长花岗岩岩体位于华北板块北缘中段.岩体富SiO₂、富K、富碱、低Ca和P、贫Fe和Mg,w(P₂O₅)与w(SiO₂)呈负相关,铝指数(A/CNK)为0.96~1.15,分异指数为90.36~92.96;主要造岩矿物为条纹长石、斜长石和石英,其铁镁矿物主要为黑云母,未出现碱性铁镁矿物和富铝矿物,副矿物为锆石、磁铁矿、磷灰石、榍石和钛铁矿;可见察哈尔右翼后旗二长花岗岩属高分异钙碱性I型花岗岩类.结合较低的w(∑REE)((46.8~94.4)×10^-6)、w(Th)((1.74~2.39)×10^-6)、w(U)((0.27~0.39)×10^-6)和微量元素判别图解,二长花岗岩岩浆源区可能为下地壳,源岩可能为岩石圈地幔.岩石轻重稀土分馏较强 ((La/Yb)_N= 6.52~28.39),δEu以正异常为主(0.83~3.51),富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs,Cs、Rb、Ba和K),亏损高场强元素 (HFSEs,Nb、Ta、P和Ti).地球化学特征反映了二长花岗岩具有火山弧岩石特征,且岩体侵入新元古界埃迪卡拉系什那干群,表明岩体形成于活动大陆边缘弧环境,其侵位反映了古亚洲洋的俯冲岩浆事件.     

西天山吐拉苏盆地大哈拉军山组火山岩地球化学特征及构造意义

吐拉苏盆地大哈拉军山组由两组火山岩组成,一组为玄武安山岩、安山岩,SiO2含量介于54.8%～59.4%之间,另一组为流纹岩,SiO2含量为70.6% ～74.1%,两组岩石具有相似的稀土和微量元素分配型式,均富集U、Th、K、Pb,而亏损Nb、Ta和Ti,同时两组岩石的一些微量元素对比值基本一致,表明流纹岩是本区玄武...     

四川盆地川中地区中下侏罗统砂岩储层异常致密成因机理

四川盆地川中地区中下侏罗统砂岩储层现今埋藏深度一般在1 500～3 000 m,但砂岩致密化程度异常偏高,其平均孔隙度小于5%,平均渗透率小于1×10-3μm2,为典型的超低孔、超低渗储层。岩石显微镜下成岩作用特征及压实与胶结作用的减孔强度统计结果显示,强压实作用（包括压溶作用）是导致砂岩储层异常致密的主要原因。利用砂...     

库车坳陷索罕露头区与大北气田井下白垩系储层差异性分析

利用露头来进行地下地层和储层研究,是目前国内外较流行的一种研究思路。本文通过对塔里木盆地库车坳陷大北气田井下巴什基奇克组第三段与其典型露头索罕露头区巴三段砂岩储层差异性分析认为,二者沉积相带一致,岩石学特征略有差异,但是在储集空间类型和储层物性上差异较大。差异原因在于索罕露头区巴三段较大北气田井下经历了浅埋藏、弱压实、弱挤压和现代风化淋滤。露头与井下储层的对比研究对于深入了解库车坳陷深层裂缝性致密砂岩储层性质,进而进行储层评价具有重要的理论和实际意义。     

巴基斯坦国日本金线鱼（Nemipterus japonicus）种群动力学的研究

Japanese threadfin bream Nemipterus japonicus(Bloch, 1791) is among the most abundant and commercially important species in Pakistan. From the coast of Pakistan, four demersal trawl surveys in October–November 2009 and May–June, August, October and November in 2010 were carried out. The purpose of this study is to estimate the population dynamics and status of the stock of the N. japonicus from Pakistani waters based on the research trawl surveys from the research area. The data consist of n=784 length-weight pairs and n=7 530 length frequency with the maximum length and weight of 29 cm and 358 g respectively. The length frequency data were analyzed using ELEFAN method in FiSAT computer package. The parameters of length and weight relationship were b=2.778, a=0.032 and R2=0.973. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth function parameters were L∞=30.45 cm, K=0.270 year-1. Based on length-converted catch curve analysis the total mortality(Z) during this study was estimated at 0.960 year-1. The natural mortality coefficient(M) was 0.74 year-1 using Pauly's equation(the annual average sea surface temperature was 27°C), therefore, the fishing mortality coefficients(F) were 0.22 year-1. The yield per recruit analysis indicated that when tc was 2, Fmax was estimated at 1.2 and F0.1 at 1.1. When tc was 1, Fmax was estimated at 0.95 and F0.1 at 0.8. Because current age at first capture is about 1 year and Fcurrent was 0.22, Fcurrent is smaller than F0.1 and Fmax, which indicated that the fishery is about in a safe condition. When using Gulland(1971) biological reference point, Fopt was equals to M(0.74). The current fishing mortality rate of 0.22 was smaller than the target biological reference point.     

胶州湾气象水文要素的长期变化

利用线性回归方法对胶州湾1898—2008年气温和降水、1962—2008年的水温和盐度四个气象水文要素的长期变化规律进行了分析。结果表明,百年来胶州湾地区气温的变化呈现波动上升趋势。从1920年前后到1950年的30年间,年平均气温的年变率为0.028℃,从20世纪60年代起至今,年平均气温的年变率为0.031℃。升...     

塔河油田中下奥陶统顶面岩溶古水系对接现象及其意义

塔河油田中下奥陶统,从加里东中期到海西期,经历多期构造运动及其引起的多期岩溶作用的叠加改造,岩溶缝洞系统非常发育。岩溶作用的发生,除地层的可溶性,主要依赖于岩溶水补给-径流-排泄过程中对岩石的溶解作用和侵蚀作用。因此,判断岩溶水的运动轨迹是一种非常重要的研究方法。基于三维地震资料,利用第三代相干体技术,刻画中下奥陶统顶面的岩溶古水系,发现上奥陶统覆盖区下部依然有许多地表水系存在,并且大多与上奥陶统缺失区的古水系对接。根据现代岩溶理论,划分奥陶系岩溶层组,厘定水文地质条件,分析两种不同时期岩溶古水系的形成和消亡过程,这对恢复古岩溶发育环境,划分古岩溶发育阶段,揭示古岩溶的发育规律具有重要的意义。     

煤中低分子化合物生烃意义初探

从煤化学结构及成分分析发现，作为煤的成分之一的低分子化合物在煤中占有相当的比例，其成分特点及化学性质均显示出优越的生烃能力。通过进一步对煤中低分子化合物的来源及地质地球化学演化趋势分析，认为煤中低分子化合物对煤生烃能力存在重要影响，低分子化合物是重要的生烃母质之一。     

A continuous time delay-difference type model (CTDDM) applied to stock assessment of the southern Atlantic albacore <Emphasis Type="Italic">Thunnus alalunga</Emphasis>

A continuous time delay-diff erence model (CTDDM) has been established that considers continuous time delays of biological processes. The southern Atlantic albacore (Thunnus alalunga) stock is the one of the commercially important tuna population in the marine world. The age structured production model (ASPM) and the surplus production model (SPM) have already been used to assess the albacore stock. However, the ASPM requires detailed biological information and the SPM lacks the biological realism. In this study, we focus on applying a CTDDM to the southern Atlantic albacore (T. alalunga) species, which provides an alternative method to assess this fishery. It is the first time that CTDDM has been provided for assessing the Atlantic albacore (T. alalunga) fishery. CTDDM obtained the 80% confidence interval of MSY (maximum sustainable yield) of (21 510 t, 23 118t). The catch in 2011 (24 100 t) is higher than the MSY values and the relative fishing mortality ratio (F ₂₀₁₁/F _MSY) is higher than 1.0. The results of CTDDM were analyzed to verify the proposed methodology and provide reference information for the sustainable management of the southern Atlantic albacore stock. The CTDDM treats the recruitment, the growth, and the mortality rates as all varying continuously over time and fills gaps between ASPM and SPM in this stock assessment.     

黄海南部小黄鱼Pseudosciaena plyactis(Bleeker)渔获群体结构与繁殖特征的初步研究

本文对黄河南部小黄鱼繁殖群体进行了常规生物学测定。研究分析了体长组成和体重组成、体长和体重关系、性比的变化、怀卵量及性腺的发育情况。总样品中的性比组成为雌：雄＝1：2．7，且雄鱼比例逐月上升；测算其怀卵量在2686－34704粒之间，平均怀卵量为9518粒；性成熟系数3月中旬为116‰，5月下旬只有33‰；绝对繁殖力（F）与体重（W）的关系式为：F＝549．37W－4861．79（R＝0．917）。