Estimation of potential distribution of gas hydrate in the northern South China Sea

Gas hydrate research has significant importance for securing world energy resources, and has the potential to produce considerable economic benefits. Previous studies have shown that the South China Sea is an area that harbors gas hydrates. However, there is a lack of systematic investigations and understanding on the distribution of gas hydrate throughout the region. In this paper, we applied mineral resource quantitative assessment techniques to forecast and estimate the potential distribution of gas hydrate resources in the northern South China Sea. However, current hydrate samples from the South China Sea are too few to produce models of occurrences. Thus, according to similarity and contrast principles of mineral outputs, we can use a similar hydrate-mining environment with sufficient gas hydrate data as a testing ground for modeling northern South China Sea gas hydrate conditions. We selected the Gulf of Mexico, which has extensively studied gas hydrates, to develop predictive models of gas hydrate distributions, and to test errors in the model. Then, we compared the existing northern South China Sea hydrate-mining data with the Gulf of Mexico characteristics, and collated the relevant data into the model. Subsequently, we applied the model to the northern South China Sea to obtain the potential gas hydrate distribution of the area, and to identify significant exploration targets. Finally, we evaluated the reliability of the predicted results. The south seabed area of Taiwan Bank is recommended as a priority exploration target. The Zhujiang Mouth, Southeast Hainan, and Southwest Taiwan Basins, including the South Bijia Basin, also are recommended as exploration target areas. In addition, the method in this paper can provide a useful predictive approach for gas hydrate resource assessment, which gives a scientific basis for construction and implementation of long-term planning for gas hydrate exploration and general exploitation of the seabed of China.     

气相色谱法测定地下水多环芳烃准确度的保证措施

针对环境中常见且对人体危害极大的USEPA优先控制污染物16种多环芳烃(PAHs)在地下水中的监测方法进行了研究,主要从影响方法准确度的空白溶剂的选择、标准样品测定、基质加标回收率方面进行了实验研究,利用数理统计的t 检验进行显著性检验,并对研究区水中的多环芳烃进行了测定。结果表明,该方法宜选用市售纯净水做空白溶剂,基质加标回收率在71 5%~99 7%范围内,标准样品测定的相对误差在1 0%~17 2%;经系统误差检验确定本方法不存在系统误差,可以达到测定地下水中多环芳烃的目的。实际样品的测定结果说明煤矸石中的多环芳烃随降水淋滤以及酸性矿坑排水进入地下水和地表水的可能性是存在的,其迁移转化机理需进一步深入研究。     

数字信号分配器在红山地震台数字化地震观测系统中的应用

为了保证红山地震台数字化观测系统的正常运行和向国家台网中心的实时波形传输,数字信号分配器在数字化地震观测系统中的应用实现了数采输出的信号分道,分别输出到卫星、台站的实时监控前台机和备份前台机及数采监控仪。避免了实时监控机因硬件和软件故障所造成的台站资料断记和卫星传输中断,在全国数字化台站中具有普遍的应用价值。     

雅鲁藏布江米林宽谷段爬升沙丘粒度分异特征研究

雅鲁藏布江米林宽谷段爬升沙丘分布广泛。选择卧龙镇西侧雅鲁藏布江右岸典型爬升沙丘,根据沙丘爬升高度和叠置沙丘地貌部位对其表面沉积物进行了系统采样。作为河谷风沙地貌的重要组成部分,相应采集了河漫滩、阶地沙丘沙样品。粒度分析表明,爬升沙丘对河漫滩沙丘、阶地沙丘在物源和形成过程方面具有继承性,其表面沉积物以细沙和极细沙为主(2.07～3.71Φ),分选中等或较好(0.20～1.41Φ),细偏,多峰。由坡脚向丘顶的沉积物粒径变细,分选变好,偏度和峰度降低。爬升沙丘表面叠置沙丘的粒度向丘顶变粗、分选变好。细沙、极细沙等粒级组分与高度相关,反映颗粒爬升能力不同。叠置条带状沙丘脊部和槽部的粒度存在分异。     

博兴县多措并举大力推进集约节约用地

一是大力推进企业闲置土地处置。加强建设用地供应监管,采用收回、收购、整合等手段,积极盘活原县油棉一厂、三厂、兴粮玉米等因企业破产或结构调整形成的闲置和低效用地。截至目前,全县共盘活存量建设用地51．80hm2,挖潜改造成效明显。     

采用现代化设计方法进行钻塔设计

在ＴＧＳ－１Ａ型工程钻机的设计中，在ＡＳＴ３８６计算机上应用ＳＡＰ－５Ｐ线性结构静力、动力分析程序进行钻塔设计，获得了重要的理论数据，并以此为依据确立了更好的结构设计方案。     

播种期对栽培甘草越冬性及根系生长特征的影响

甘草不同播种期的试验研究表明：甘草的适宜播种期较长,4月下旬至8月初播种都能较安全地越冬,但4月下旬至5月中旬播种完全安全,越冬率达100%,6月上旬至8月初播种的甘草抗寒能力有所下降,有一部分植株在越冬时死亡,但越冬率仍在90%以上。不同播种期播种的甘草越冬后植株的地上茎和根系都能正常生长发育,而且播种期晚的甘草在根长和根粗生长特征上表现出“追长”和“追粗”效应,光合产物也有明显向根系转移的特征。     

陨石中前太阳颗粒及其所携带惰性气体的原始同位素异常研究进展

从球粒陨石的酸不溶残渣中分离出了携带有惰性气体同位素异常的金刚石、碳化硅和石墨颗粒。这些同位素异常用太阳系内部过程是无法解释的，它们被归因于太阳系外多种核合成组分的不完全混合，称为原始惰性气体同位素异常，这三种矿物颗粒被称为前太阳颗粒。介绍了这三种前太阳颗粒的分离过程、存在部位、粒度大小、所携带惰性气体组分的同位素组成，以及这些惰性气体和携带物的成因，并对它们的科学意义进行了简要的讨论。     

Comparative experimental study on several methods for measuring elastic wave velocities in rocks at high pressure

To measure elastic wave velocities in rocks at high temperature and high pressure is an important way to acquire the mechanics and thermodynamics data of rocks in the earth's interior and also a substantial approach to studying the structure and composition of materials there. In recent years, a rapid progress has been made in methodology pertaining to the measurements of elastic wave velocities in rocks at high temperature and high pressure with solids as the pressure-transfer media. However, no strict comparisons have been made of the elastic wave velocity data of rocks measured at high temperature and high pressure by various laboratories. In order to compare the experimental results from various laboratories, we have conducted a comparative experimental study on three measuring methods and made a strict comparison with the results obtained by using the transmission method with fluid as the pressure-transfer medium. Our experimental results have shown that the measurements obtained by the three methods are comparable in the pressure ranges of their application. The cubic sample pulse transmission method used by Kern is applicable to measuring elastic wave velocities in crustal rocks at lower temperature and lower pressure. The prism sample pulse reflection-transmission method has some advantages in pressure range, heating temperature and measuring precision. Although the measurements obtained under relatively low pressure conditions by the prism sample pulse transmission method are relatively low in precision, the samples are large in length and their assemblage is simple. So this method is suitable to the experiments that require large quantities of samples and higher pressures. Therefore, in practical application the latter two methods are usually recommended because their measurements can be mutually corrected and supplemented.     

高压下岩石弹性波速度几种测量方法的比较实验研究

在高压高温条件下测量岩石弹性波速是获得岩石在地球内部的各种力学和热力学数据的主要途径, 也是研究地球内部物质结构和组成的重要手段. 近年来, 用固体作为传压介质的高压高温岩石弹性波速测量方法发展较快, 然而目前各个实验室在高温高压条件下所测量出的岩石弹性波数据, 还没有进行过严格的对比. 为了对比各实验室的实验测量结果, 对3种测量方法进行了比较实验研究, 并与流体传压介质透射法的测量结果进行了对比. 实验表明, 3种测量方法在其适用压力范围内的测量结果都能相互对比. 其中Kern所使用的六面体样品脉冲透射法适用于压力温度较低的地壳类岩石样品的测量. 柱状样品脉冲反射-透射法在适用压力范围、加热温度和测量精度方面均有一定优势. 柱状样品脉冲透射法虽然在压力较低时测量精度较低, 但样品长度大, 组装简便, 适用于样品量大, 要求压力较高的实验. 因此在实际应用中, 后两种方法可进行相互校正和相互补充.