四套NDVI数据集在青海三江源地区的一致性评估

NDVI是监测地表植被变化的重要工具,但不同来源的NDVI数据集在不同尺度下的应用存在较大差异,需要对其进行一致性评估。本研究选取了SPOT、MODIS、GIMMS以及CDR AVHRR等四套NDVI数据集,采用相关分析和趋势分析的方法,评估了2000—2015年间四套数据集在三江源地区年际变化的一致性和差异性,结果表明：(1)从NDVI平均值的年际变化趋势来看,SOPT NDVI和MODIS NDVI均呈现出增加的趋势,且两者之间具有最强的相关性（R=0.72,p<0.001）,而GIMMS NDVI和CDR AVHRR NDVI则呈现出减少的趋势。(2)从栅格尺度的NDVI年际变化趋势来看,SPOT NDVI、MODIS NDVI以及GIMMS NDVI均呈现出整体变绿的趋势,变绿像元占比分别为86.94%、69.52%以及66.95%,而CDR AVHRR NDVI数据则呈现出整体变褐的趋势,变绿像元占比仅为33.38%。(3)从不同海拔梯度下四套NDVI数据集的差异来看,四套数据集中平均NDVI随海拔增加的变化趋势相同,但GIMMS的平均NDVI值要显著大于其他三套数据集...     

Glacial change in the vicinity of Mt. Qomolangma （Everest）, central high Himalayas since 1976

Glaciers are one of the most important land covers in alpine regions and especially sensitive to global climate change. Remote sensing has proved to be the best method of investigating the extent of glacial variations in remote mountainous areas. Using Landsat thematic mapping (TM) and multi-spectral-scanner (MSS) images from Mt. Qomolangma (Everest) National Nature Preserve (QNNP), central high Himalayas for 1976, 1988 and 2006, we derived glacial extent for these three periods. A combination of object-oriented image interpretation methods, expert knowledge rules and field surveys were employed. Results showed that (1) the glacial area in 2006 was 2710.17 ± 0.011 km² (about 7.41% of the whole study area), and located mainly to the south and between 4700 m to 6800 m above sea level; (2) from 1976 to 2006, glaciers reduced by 501.91 ± 0.035 km² and glacial lakes expanded by 36.88 ± 0.035 km²; the rate of glacier retreat was higher in sub-basins on the southern slopes (16.79%) of the Himalayas than on the northern slopes (14.40%); most glaciers retreated, and mainly occurred at an elevation of 4700–6400 m, and the estimated upper limit of the retreat zone is between 6600 m and 6700 m; (3) increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation over the study period are the key factors driving retreat.