雨生红球藻的信号物质

以单细胞雨生红球藻为材料，在室内通气培养条件下，研究了经该藻处理过的培养液内是否存在对细胞生长或转化产生影响的信号物质。对比研究结果表明，处理过的旧液明显不利于红球藻游动细胞生长，但有利于不动细胞增加。预显着旧液中可能存在着降低游动细胞生长、同时还促使游动细胞向不动细胞转化的信号物质。旧液中该信号物质的多少与原来处理旧液的藻细胞密度有密切关系，密度越大信号物质越多，对细胞生长和转化的作用也越强。     

重量法测定岩石矿物中二氧化硅的几种凝聚剂

文章对十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、聚环氧乙烷、聚乙二醇（４００和６０００）、甲基纤维素和聚乙烯醇等６种凝聚剂在重量法测ＳｉＯ２过程中凝聚硅酸的效果进行了试验，这些操作较动物胶法方便、省时，测定标准样品结果与推荐值相符。     

浅谈节约集约用地面临的挑战与对策

节约和集约利用土地是党中央、国务院在深化改革、严格土地管理工作中提出的一项战略举措.其意义就是说,如何更有准备地利用土地,以最小的土地成本,满足社会经济发展与环境建设的需要.详而解之,主要包含如下三层意思:一是节约用地,即各项建设都要尽量节省用地,千方百计地不占或少占耕地;二是集约用地,即每宗建设都必须提高土地投入产出的强度,提高土地利用的集约化程度;三是通过整合、置换和储备,合理安排土地投放的数量和节奏,改善建设用地结构布局,挖掘用地潜力,提高土地配置和利用效率.为了落实党和政府这一重大决策,笔者根据自己多年从事国土资源工作的体会,结合我省实际谈谈个人浅见.     

PHYSIOLOGICAL INHIBITORY EFFECT OF OCS IN ARACHIDONIC ACID-RICH PARIETOCHLORIS INCISA （TREBOUXIOPHYCEAE, CHLOROPHYTA）

Parietochloris incisa is an arachidonic acid-rich snow green alga. The main physiological profiles, such as ash free dry weight (AFDW), chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein and total fatty acids (TFA), in this alga exposed to old culture supernatant (OCS) at the decline phase or its crude ethyl acetate extracts (CEAE) were investigated by using tubular photobioreactors of different diameters. Results showed that both OCS and CEAE had strong inhibitory effect on the above physiological parameters. The longer the culture was exposed to OCS and the more CEAE were added into the algal culture, the more the above physiological properties were inhibited. Arachidonic acid (AA), the dominant component of fatty acids in this alga, was also seriously inhibited with respect to total TFA, AFDW of cell mass, or culture volume, due to a prebable reduction of enzymes activities catalyzing chain elongation from C18:1ω9 to AA. These results incontestably evidenced that some CEAE dissolving substances existing in OCS, like auto-inhibitors, inhibited P. incisa growth through feedback. Hence, any efficient removal of auto-inhibitors from algal culture to decrease their bioactivity could be good for maximal production of desired products like AA.     

南海南部水体和沉积物中的浮游有孔虫氧碳

通过对2002年南海南部春季水体和表层沉积物中浮游有孔虫的δ18O和δ13C分析,初步探讨该区有孔虫氧碳同位素的海洋环境指示意义及其与沉降过程的关系. 结果表明,南海南部春季表层水体中Globigerinoides ruber (G. ruber)与Globigerinoides sacculifer(G. sacculifer)的δ18O均值基本相似,相对它们在表层沉积物中的δ18O明显要小;但在表层沉积物中G. ruber 的δ18O则比G. sacculifer相对要小0.34‰.这种差异可能与G. sacculifer的配子生殖二次钙化以及2个种属的季节性差异有关.Pulleniatina obliquiloculata(P. obliquiloculata)的δ18O在沉积物和水体中均较G. ruber和G. sacculifer明显偏大,表现出较大的种间差异.P. obliquiloculata的δ18O在春季水体中比其在沉积物中平均约小0.7‰,差值较大,可能是因为P. obliquiloculata为冬季种,主要出现在冬季低温水体中.3种浮游有孔虫的δ13C以G. sacculifer最大,G. ruber次之,P. obliquiloculata最低,这种差异可能主要由属种间的生命效应所引起.表层沉积物中G. ruber和G. sacculifer的δ18O从区域的西北往东南有逐渐变小的趋势,可能受区域年均表层水温西北低东南高的影响.在上升流发育区,P. obliquiloculata的δ18O和δ13C均明显偏高,其δ13C与水体营养的关系与南海北部的明显相反,有待进一步深入研究.     

Cold event at 5 500 a BP recorded in mud sediments on the inner shelf of the East China Sea

A 700-year record (1.0–1.5 a resolution) of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM), based on grain-size analysis and AMS¹⁴C dating of Core EC2005 from the inner-shelf mud wedge of the East China Sea (ECS), was compared with the Dongge stalagmite δ¹⁸O record during the mid-Holocene. The upper muddy section of Core EC2005 has been formed mainly by suspended sediments derived from the Changjiang (Yangtze) River mouth since 7.3 ka BP. High precipitation and a strengthened EAWM might have played key roles in the high sedimentation rate (1 324–1 986 cm/ka) between 5.9–5.2 ka BP. The EAWM strengthened when the Asian summer monsoon weakened, especially around 5 500 a BP, which corresponded to a worldwide cold event. The EAWM during the mid-Holocene shows statistically significant solar periodicities at 62 and 11 a. The 5 500 a BP cold event might be resulted from orbital forcing and changes in solar activity.     

雨生红球藻和虾青素研究述评

虾青系作为食品和饲料色素添加剂有着广阔的应用前景,单细胞绿藻雨生红球藻在特定条件下可双大量积累虾青素,有可能成为该色素的良好天然资源,受到微藻学界的重视。但目前雨生红球藻培养还处于实验室阶段,大规模生产尚存在许多问题有待解决,我国这方面的研究处于起步阶段。为此通过微机查阅１９８１￣１９９７年的国内外发表的有关文献,结合我们的实验结果,从该藻的基础生物学特性、虾青素累积的机制、养殖现状进行了综述,并     

胁迫条件下盐藻β-胡萝卜素及其异构体累积的研究──盐度的影响

于１９８９－１９９１年，在青岛室外对盐藻为实验材料，利用Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ改良配方制作增养液，进行盐度（９０－２４０）实验，结果表明，细胞生长的适宜盐度为１２０；当盐度超过１２０－２４０，盐度越高对细胞生长越不利，但越有利于细胞内β－胡罗卜素的累积；适宜于养殖盐藻生产β－胡萝卜素中至少含６种异构体，盐度增加不利于顺式异构体的累积。为生产防癌和延缓衰老等作用更强的顺式异构体，建议生产性养殖时适当降低盐度