Characteristics and Origins of Suspended Pyrite in the Mixing Zone of the Yangtze Estuary

For a long time, most studies about pyrite have focused on sediments while only a few have focused on pyrite in water. In this study, a method that combines the scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry(EDS) was used to compare pyrite particles suspended in water to those in associated bottom sediments, both obtained from the mixing zone of the Yangtze Estuary. It was found that the pyrite particles in the two media have similar morphologies and size distributions. The particle morphology mainly includes two types, single crystal and aggregate, and the particle size mainly ranges from 0.5 to 2 μm. The pyrite particles in water exhibit an increase in relative content towards the sea, and their transport and deposit processes are mainly affected by hydrodynamic conditions. It is concluded that the pyrite particles in the suspended matter mainly derived from the resuspension of sediments, which are products of the early diagenesis. Precursor minerals may appear during the formation of pyrite, but are generally restricted by the diagenetic environment and local microenvironment.     

东海陆架北部泥质区沉积动力过程的季节性变化

利用东海陆架北部泥质区（济州岛西南）及其周围不同季节５个航次的悬浮体资料和相应的底质粒度资料,对该泥质区沉积动力过程的季节性变化规律进行了分析。结果表明：东海陆架北部悬浮体的高含量区并不与该区的沉积中心（泥质区）相吻合,泥质区的形成需有物源的充沛供应和涡旋的动力效应相结合。泥质区沉积作用时空变化具有强烈的季节性。冬季泥质区悬浮体供应充足,涡旋中心向泥质区东南扩展,是本区接受悬浮体沉积的关键季节。夏、秋二季泥质区的大部分区域缺少悬浮体物源,涡旋中心向北退缩,致使泥质区沉积作用强度降低,并且主要影响泥质区的西北区域。春季泥质区沉积作用强度和影响范围大于夏、秋两季,但小于冬季。     

Seasonal variation of suspended-sediment transport through the southern Bohai Strait

Based on field observations made in winter 2006 and summer 2007 and on multiscene MODerate resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) imagery, the seasonal variation of suspended-sediment transport in the southern Bohai Strait and its possible mechanisms are examined. The field observations in two different seasons allow an exponential empirical model to be used to retrieve suspended-sediment concentration (SSC) from MODIS imagery. Both the field-survey data and the MODIS-derived SSC show that the sediment transport in the southern Bohai Strait has a significant seasonal variation due to the seasonally varying thermohaline structure of the water column and the hydrodynamics resulting from the seasonally alternating monsoons. The SSC in winter is approximately 3–10 times higher than in summer. Considering the seasonal variation of water flux (WF) and SSC, the annual sediment flux (SSF) through the southern Bohai Strait is estimated to be approximately 40.0 Mt yr⁻¹, about 4–8 times previous estimates, which did not take into account seasonal variation. Although the Huanghe (Yellow River) discharges a large amount of sediment in the summer, the SSF through the southern Bohai Strait in the winter (∼32.0 Mt) is about 4 times greater than it is in the summer. The strong seasonal variability of SSF through the southern Bohai Strait indicates that strong resuspension along the coast of the Huanghe delta in winter and enhanced longshore transport by coastal currents due to winter monsoon activity might be the major mechanisms of cross-strait transport of sediment in winter.     

土的周期加载实验的研究

作者对室内土的周期加载实验进行了较全面的综述。包括实验设备、方法、结果及分析模型 ,并对以后的研究提出建议。随着海上石油的开发及海岸构筑物的建设 ,迫切需要对海底土动力学特性进行研究。掌握目前世界在这一领域的研究现状有助于在高超点上开展创新工作和解关键问题。     

渤海莱州湾夏季悬浮体的分布和运移(英文)

本文以1985年夏季中法SCO—PSU联合黄河口调查第二航次所取的渤海莱州湾水深大于10米区域的悬浮体资料,研究了莱州湾内悬浮体的分布和运移规律,并讨论了它们与诸如黄河径流、潮流、环流、风和浪等动力因素之间的关系。     

黄河三角洲埕北海区泥沙冲淤分析

利用多期水深数据,对黄河三角洲埕北海区的泥沙冲淤量及冲淤面积进行分时段计算,绘制相应的冲淤等值线图和冲淤立体图。分析该海域泥沙冲淤的规律。     

长江口主航道水下底床表面形态与浅地层结构

除平滑海底外，长江口主航道水下底床上还发育有沙波，沙纹、沙斑及形态规则的小型冲蚀凹坑、冲沟和疏浚沟痕等微地貌形态，基本上沿岸呈带状分布。根据声波反射原理，将航道内３０ｍ厚的地层划分为两层，并据此对长江口的现代沉积环境作了初步分析。     

黄河口毗邻渤海陆架区悬浮体成分

扫描电镜配合能谱分析、X射线衍射及光学显微镜分析表明,黄河口毗邻的渤海陆架区悬浮体主要由矿物、浮游生物和有机包膜三类成分组成。在悬浮体中鉴别出23种矿物,主要是石英、长石、云母、方解石和粘土矿物(依次为伊利石、蒙皂石、绿泥石和高岭石),特征矿物是云母、方解石、蒙皂石和角闪石。辨识出21种藻类,大多数是硅藻,少数为钙藻和鞭毛藻。生物成分主要集中在水体上层。首次在渤海悬浮体中发现了有机包膜。并讨论了悬浮体成因及其沉积作用。     

现代长江口水下底坡上的微地貌类型及分区

旁侧扫描声纳记录真实地揭示出现代长江口水下底坡上发育的微地貌形态。指出微地貌的形态特征及其分布规律与长江泥沙的传输分布、长江口区海域的水动力机制密切相关。     

黄河三角州沿岸及相邻渤海海域碳酸盐研究(英文)

对黄河三角州陆地上河道,河口、潮间带及毗邻渤海海域沉积物中的碳酸盐含量作了分析,在此基础上划分出含量不同的沉积区和亚区。沉积区的划分和其物源有十分良好的对应关系,同一沉积区内的亚区则主要和粒度有关,从而间接反映了水动力环境与生物作用的控制性影响。黄河口沉积物中碳酸盐含量与粒度成反比,其他物源的沉积物则各不相同。黄河口及邻近渤海海域中粘土粒级和碳酸盐含量等值线反映出黄河细粒级沉积物扩散的方向、强度和范围。海洋生源沉积是影响渤海东部和中部沉积物中碳酸盐含量分布的主要因素。