初析赤潮成因研究的围隔实验结果──几个理化因子与硅藻赤 潮的关系

从１９９０年以来，在国家海洋局第三海洋研究所地临陆基水池中，应用围隔生态系实验技术对赤潮成因作了几次探索性的研究。针对４次人为引发赤潮的中尺度围隔实验的部分结果，结合已报道的厦门西海域赤潮过程，分析几个主要理化因子（水体稳定性，无机氮，无机磷，可溶性锰锰，可溶性铁和维生Ｂ１２）与硅藻赤潮发生及其规模的关系。     

日照市矿产资源优化配置探析

近年来,日照市高度重视矿产资源优化配置工作,紧紧以整顿和规范矿产资源开发秩序工作为契机,全面推广开采新技术,积极推动小矿整合,促进矿山企业规模化经营,有效提高了矿产资源利用率,取得了良好的社会效益和经济效益。1日照市矿产资源优化配置现状（1）推动资源整合,优化矿山企业空间布局。为解决矿山布局不合理和矿产开发中的“小、散、乱”问题,提高矿产资源节约集约利用水平,该市积极推动小矿整合,切实提高规模化经营水平。按照矿产资源总体规划和整合方案的规定,对限采区、宜采区内的勘查开采实行统一规划、统一管理,确定了矿山整合范围和具体名单,灵活采取兼并、     

中国省级以上开发区产业集聚的多尺度分析

从"区域-省域-地(市)"3个空间尺度入手,分析中国开发区产业集聚特征,结果表明:①中国开发区总体上以技术密集型为主导,装备制造、电子信息、生物医药产业优势明显.但东中西部差异巨大,技术密集型、劳动密集型、资本密集型产业分别占据地区主导地位.②开发区产业集聚度随尺度缩小而扩大,城市群、中心城市是其最重要的空间载体.同时...     

Measurement of ambient air particulate pollutant concentrations and dry depositions for PS-1 combined with dry deposition plate at a wetland site

In this study, the concentrations of ambient total suspended particulates (TSP) and their dry deposition were measured using a PS-1 sampler with dry deposition plates at a wetland sampling site in central Taiwan during a sampling period from October 2016 to December 2016. The PS-1 sampler was fixed at set distances (1.5 and 2 m) from a dry deposition plate, and sampled particulate pollutants were sampled to determine their concentrations and dry deposition rates simultaneously. A dry deposition plate 3 m from the PS-1 sampler was also used to collect dry deposition particulate. This plate was also used to compare dry depositions from ambient air, collected from new device. The results thus obtained indicated that the average dry deposition rates on the dry deposition plates that were 1.5 and 2 m from the sampler were 103.15 and 103.94 µg/m² min, respectively, in October, 83.36 and 100.18 µg/m² min in November, and 171.2 and 157.5 µg/m² min in December. These dry deposition rates were compared with that 3 m away from the PS-1 sampler. The statistical t test revealed no significant differences between the dry depositions on dry deposition plates at 1.5 and 2 m from the sampler. The dry deposition rates at 1.5 and 2 m from the sampler did not differ significantly from that at 3 m from the PS-1 sampler. This study proves that a PS-1 sampler can be combined with a dry deposition plate to measure TSP concentrations and dry depositions simultaneously using a single device.     

镍铝基柱撑蒙脱石的制备及孔道结构研究

以钠基蒙脱石为原料,采用共聚法合成镍铝柱化剂,利用离子交换法制备镍铝基柱撑蒙脱石。通过研究不同镍铝物质的量比例和不同NaOH的量对柱撑蒙脱石制备的影响,并对其孔道结构进行探讨。XRD结果表明,当镍铝物质的量比为1∶6、加入75mlNaOH时,可得到(001)面网层间距达1.8940nm的镍铝基柱撑蒙脱石。FT-IR显示,镍铝基聚合羟基阳离子进入蒙脱石层间,柱撑蒙脱石的基本结构并未发生改变。对柱撑前后蒙脱石的比表面积和孔径结构进行分析,发现镍铝基柱撑蒙脱石比表面积为169.68m2/g,平均孔径为4.120nm,说明镍铝基柱撑蒙脱石具有较大的比表面积,较小且均匀的孔径分布,是一种合适的催化和吸附材料。     

Tectonic-lithofacies palaeogeographic reconstruction of the Yangtze Craton of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation and its oil and gas significance

Recently,great breakthroughs have been obtained in shale gas exploration in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Craton. Thus,the tectonic-lithofacies palaeogeography of the Yangtze Craton during the Doushantuo depositional period was in urgent need to be further studied. Based on a large number of outcrop sections,latest drilling data,numerous previous studies,we reconstructed the tectonic-lithofacies palaeogeography of the Yangtze Craton. The results indicated that,during the Ediacaran Doushantuo Period,the tectonic background of the Yangtze Craton was not only controlled by its palaeogeographic location(at the northwest of the supercontinent Rodinia),but also by the thermal sedimentation after the continental rifting. The tectonic-lithofacies palaeogeography of the Yangtze Craton generally showed higher terrain in the west and the north,and lower in the east and the south,with four oldlands developed namely the Hannan,Kangdian,Niushoushan and Jiangnan oldlands. The sedimentary pattern was featured by three platforms(in the Upper Yangtze,Middle-Lower Yangtze,and northern Zhejiang regions)alternated with four basins(in the Wanyuan-Dazhou,west Hubei-Hunan,southeastern and northern Yangtze margins). The three platforms were dominated by restricted-open platform facies; the four basins were dominated by platform margin slope,shelf and bathyal facies. The four oldlands(provided the main detrital provenance),together with the syn-depositional faults and the palaeostructure of the underlying rift basins,controlled the tectonic-sedimentary characteristics of the Yangtze Craton during the Ediacaran Doushantuo Period. The paper has proposed that the southern Shaanxi,northeastern Sichuan,western Hubei,and the adjacent area of the Hunan,Guizhou and Chongqing are the most favorable distribution areas of the Doushantuo source rocks;the northern Zhejiang and southern Anhui areas are the secondary favorable distribution areas. These favorable distribution areas and their adjacent areas are considered to be favorable regions for deepening the deep natural gas exploration in the Yangtze Craton.     

杂色鲍人工育苗的初步研究

鲍是一类经济价值很高的海产软软体动物,也是我国海产药用生物的重要种类之一。鲍的足部相当发达,占体重40%左右;堪称海味之冠。鲍売又名石决明,是我国医药史上应用很早的药品,具有平肝明目的显著功效。 杂色鲍(Haliotis diversicolor Reeve)在我国广东、福建、台湾都有分布,但数量不大；福建沿海主要分布于东山和平潭两地,漳浦、龙海、晋江近海也有,数量亦很少。杂色鲍对栖息环境有一定的选择能力,一般栖息于低潮区至水深20米左右,潮流畅通、水色清晰、海藻繁茂的岩礁地带;有淡水注入、透明度低的河口或泥沙质底则不适于鲍的生长,因而鲍的分布比较集中于某些特殊海区。 由于鲍的经济价值高,产鲍国家十分重视研究鲍的增殖。在这方面,日本的有关工作者做了较多的工作,他们已由自然采捕发展到蓄养、移殖以至近10年来的人工控制采苗和重要种的养殖。日本的村山(1935)研究了Haliotis gigantean的早期幼体发育过程,猪野(1953)研究了H. discus和H. sieboldii的增殖生物学,大场(1964)报告了H.diversicolor supertexta 的增殖基础,同年菊地对皱纹盘鮑H. discus hannai 的生活史及幼鲍的饲养也进行了研究。 我国过去对鲍的研究做的较少,1958年,沿海产鮑区渔民和有关研究机构曾经开展过鲍的人工育苗、移殖以及人工养殖试验,为进一步开展鲍的养殖工作积累了宝贵的经验。无产阶级文化大革命以来,在毛主席的革命路线指引下,鲍的研究工作有了新的进展。1970年6月,在福建省商业局、水产局和东山县革命委员会的领导下,在东山县开展了杂色鲍人工育苗和养殖试验,于1971年首次在国内培育出杂色鲍苗;1972-1973年进一步探索了杂色鲍的繁殖规律、生态习性,同时对辽宁产的皱纹盘鲍进行了南移和人工育苗的研究。本文即是这些研究工作中的一部分,其它部分今后将陆续发表。     

机场主导能见度仪器自动观测方法研究

主导能见度是航空活动能否正常进行的重要标准之一。伴随我国通用机场建设,主导能见度的自动观测具有重要的实际意义。本文使用中值法、图形比例法和均值法3种方法,利用机场现有多套能见度传感器进行主导能见度自动观测,并使用3种方法研究分析了天津、大连、海拉尔、成都和重庆5个机场2014年12月10日起连续100天的07:00和19:00 2个时间点的多能见度传感器测量值。结果表明:相比于中值法和图形比例法,均值法具有更小的观测偏差;观测原理和方法、能见度传感器数量、地区气候差异和观测位置差异是影响主导能见度自动观测数据质量的主要影响因素。     

近3000cal.aB.P.以来东海东北部环境异常及其与全新世ElNio活动的可能联系

利用取自东海东北部、冲绳海槽西侧陆坡的重力柱状岩芯DOC082(29°13.93′N,128°08.53′E;水深1128m),通过对碳酸钙、有机碳和蛋白石等生源组分含量的分析,结合浮游有孔虫、底栖有孔虫、放射虫和硅鞭藻等微体古生物化石丰度的变化以及底栖有孔虫属种组成特征,揭示了全新世东海东北部生物生产力的演变。研究结果显示,近10500cal.aB.P.以来生源组分含量和微体古生物化石丰度的演变趋势十分相似,明显分为3个阶段:约4000cal.aB.P.之前的早、中全新世明显偏低,大约在4000cal.aB.P.左右开始突然大幅度上升,而约3000cal.aB.P.以来的晚全新世以持续的高值为显著特征。生源组分含量、微体古生物化石丰度以及底栖有孔虫内生属种Uvigerina和Bulimina百分含量等指标的变化一致指示,东海东北部近10500cal.aB.P.以来古生产力演变的显著特征是早、中全新世明显偏低,约4000cal.aB.P.左右突然且大幅度上升,大约3000cal.aB.P.之后的晚全新世为生物生产力异常的高值期;同时有研究表明该区域的表层海水年平均温度(SST)也呈现了明显的三段式演变:早全新世10500~8400cal.aB.P.期间为持续的高值期、中全新世SST相对稳定、3100~500cal.aB.P.期间的晚全新世为显著的低SST时期[1]。近3000cal.aB.P.以来古生产力的异常高值和表层海水古温度的大幅度下降说明晚全新世区域海洋环境发生了明显的改变。据东海东北部现代生物生产力和表层海水温度的分布特征和控制机制、结合现代ElNio发生期间中国大陆气候和降水异常以及黑潮暖流变异的分析表明,近3000cal.aB.P.来东海东北部的环境异常可能是对晚全新世ElNio活动显著增强的反应。