随机介质理论在深基坑稳定性分析中的应用

使用矿业工程中广为应用的随机介质理论和方法,计算深基坑开挖引起的地表及土体变形,并据此探讨深基坑边坡的稳定性。     

作物生长岩-土环境中不同存在形态钾素含量动态变化

以较系统的观测资料,对土壤环境中的缓效态、速效态、水溶态钾素含量的动态变化进行探索.结果表明,缓效态钾的季节性动态变化制约着速效态、水溶态钾的季节性动态变化,但是后两者变化幅度较缓效态钾的大;这种动态变化同时受土壤类型和深度的影响.     

东昆仑造山带海西—印支期构造古地理演化的古地磁证据

东昆仑造山带从北向南依次可划分出东昆北带、东昆中混杂岩带、东昆南带、阿尼玛卿混杂岩带和巴颜喀拉带５个大地构造地层带．根据对各地层带物质建造序列和构造古地理的研究基础之上所进行的古地磁分析认为,东昆北、东昆南、阿尼玛卿３个构造单元,在海西—印支期均处于北纬１４°～２０°之间．迄今为止,三者由南而北已漂移了约１５００～２０００ｋｍ．３个构造单元在不同时期的古纬度及古纬度差反映了多岛洋盆扩张和闭合的多旋回性．从东昆中到巴颜喀拉带,其洋盆的开裂、收缩、关闭和前陆盆地的演化更替,无论在时间上和地理位置上均呈现规律性的从北向南依次迁移的特点,即在时间和平面上构成定向性构造迁移和多旋回．     

矾山岩浆岩型磷(铁)矿床成矿地质背景分析

在矾山磷（铁）矿床生成的海西─印支期,各方向深大断裂同时活动,为岩体和矿床源源不断地提供物源;张宣幔枝构造外围拆离滑脱带为其提供容岩空间;岩体在复盖层下的巨厚沉积盖层中分异、演化,同时伴随着印支期开阔宽缓的褶皱。它充分反映了矿床生成于准地台活化初期的大地构造背景环境。     

超压真空密实技术在尾矿库治理中的应用研究

超压真空密实技术是近几年发展起来的软土处理技术,采用独特防淤堵排水板、结合增压技术,用于矿山尾矿库的加固治理,提高尾矿库安全,避免事故的发生。     

Origin of Natural Gas in Kekeya Field, Tarim Basin, China

This paper is mainly concentrated on the geochemical characteristics and origin of gas of Kekeya field in the Tarim basin, NW China. This study shows that Permian mudstone is the main source rock of oil and gas. Based on the carbon isotopes of C1--C4, the carbon isotope of gas in Kekeya field is a little heavier than that in the typical marine-derived gas. The relationship between carbon isotopes of methane and ethane is coincident with Faber equation of gas derived from organic matter Ⅰ/Ⅱ. The majority of gas maturity is estimated, based on the formula, at 1.8%-2.2% besides K2 and K18 wells. In addition, the gas derived from 0.9%-1.2% Ro source rocks may also bemixture. ^40Ar/^36Ar and ^3He/^4He ratios from the gas samples also support the mixing process. Moreover, the gas in this region is mainly generated from more mature source rocks although the low mature gas exists.     

区域化探资料在提高农作物产量上的应用成果

1991年,利用冀东地区已有1:20万区域化探资料,进行了在农业中的开发应用研究,在此基础上,选择区内微量营养元素和有益元素缺乏区,开展了增施微量元素Zn、Mn、Mo、B和Co肥料提高水稻、玉米、花生和苹果产量的应用研究。试验结果表明,增施微肥后,水稻、玉米、花生产量提高,平均增产10%以上,亩增收入平均40元以上,苹果增产30%以上,亩增收入大于1000元,增产效果和经济效益是明显的。这项成果如在整个冀东地区推广,其经济效益将是巨大的。     

长江河口沙坝全新统沉积特征和环境变迁

长江口崇明、长兴、横沙等岛屿是由全新世长江的河口沙坝孕育而成。晚更新世末长江门曾遭受了强烈的侵蚀,古河谷切割甚深。嗣后,在此地质背景上发育了河口沙坝,其全新世沉积相当完整。它们是研究长江河口三角洲形成史和沉积过程的有力证据。笔者着重探讨全新统的沉积环境变迁,旨在为研究长江三角洲发育及其经济区的开发提供地质依据。     

库鲁克塔格地区古元古界磁铁石英岩型铁矿的发现及找矿意义

通过塔里木地台北缘找矿研究,在库鲁克塔格地区首次发现磁铁石英岩型铁矿床,铁矿赋存于前寒武系兴地塔格群沙依提组地层中。对该矿床含矿岩系特征、岩矿石化学组成、微量元素、稀土元素组成与矿床地质特征的调查与研究表明,鲁克塔格地区古元古界兴地塔格群沙依提组含铁石英岩主要分布于兴地河—辛格尔一带,含铁建造呈东西向展布。在兴地河-辛格尔地区发现含铁石英岩建造出露长约160km,找矿前景可观。     

Compositional fractionation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the karst soils, South China

This study aims to explore the condensation and fractionation trends of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the karst soils. The tiankeng is a karst surface expression that can act as a focal point for introduction of contaminants to a karst aquifer, which may serve both as condenser for vapor phase POPs and as barrier/sink for particulate associated less volatile POPs. The fractionation of POPs in soils from the upper rim and floor of tiankeng is of interest in understanding the role of tiankeng in the long-distance transport of POPs. In the present study, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the surface soils from the upper rim and floor of Dashiwei tiankeng in Southern China were analyzed. The total PAH concentrations in soils were 23.40–190 ng g⁻¹, with phenanthrene being the most abundant. The distribution patterns of PAH compounds in the soil samples matched well with their properties. It indicated the heavy PAHs were susceptible to retention by the floor soils of tiankeng than light PAHs. A plot of Cfloor/Crim against PAH molecular weight gave a good positive relationship in the molecular weight range of 152–276. It is suggested that the floor soils can be focal points of more concentrated PAH and deserve attention. The concentrations of total PAHs in the floor soils (43.40–190 ng g⁻¹, mean 87.76 ng g⁻¹) were higher than those in the upper rim (23.40–88.94 ng g⁻¹, mean 57.74 ng g⁻¹). In addition, there was a shift in compound pattern with an increase in the proportion of light PAHs (2–3 rings), a decrease in heavy PAHs (5–6 rings) and a relatively stable content of 4-ring PAHs. A combination of particulate scavenging and cold condensation is proposed as the major mechanism for the compositional fractionation of PAHs in the soils from the upper rim and floor of tiankeng.