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141.
K. Vinod kumar R. C. Lakhera Tapas R. Martha R. S. Chatterjee A. Bhattacharya 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(4):789-799
Mass movements such as landslides in mountainous terrains are natural degradation processes and one of the most important
landscape-building factors. Varunawat Parbat overlooking Uttarkashi town witnessed a series of landslides on 23 September
2003 and the debris slides and rock falls continued for 2 weeks. This landslide complex was triggered due to the incessant
rainfall prior to the event, and its occurrence led to the blockage of the pilgrim route to Gangotri (source of the Ganges
river) and evacuation of thousands of people to safer places. Though there was no loss of lives due to timely evacuation,
heavy losses to the property were reported. High-resolution stereoscopic earth observation data were acquired after the incidence
to study the landslide in detail with emphasis on the cause of the landslide and mode of failure. Areas along the road and
below the Varunawat foothill region are mapped for landslide risk. It was found that the foothill region of the Varunawat
Parbat was highly disturbed by man-made activities and houses are dangerously located below steep slopes. The potential zones
for landslides along with the existing active and old landslides are mapped. These areas are critical and their treatment
with priority is required in order to minimise further landslide occurrences. 相似文献
142.
There could be some discontinuities in a soil media such as layers, earth structures, cracks, and fissures so that estimation
of stresses and deformations in these types of soil masses are somewhat different from continuous masses. The discontinuities
in a soil mass could be considered as a special link between two blocks. Transmitted swelling pressures affected by the soil
properties of the backfill especially at the interface between the backfill and retaining wall. In order to estimate the transmitted
swelling pressure distribution behind a retaining wall, using with interface element, a new finite element model and a code
(SWELPRES) have been developed. To evaluate the effect of backfill characteristics and interface element from the transmitted
lateral swelling pressures, four cases of thickness of backfills with or without interface elements are investigated. 相似文献
143.
Eduardo E. Alonso Sarah M. Springman Charles W. W. Ng 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2008,26(6):817-826
Two large-scale “in situ” demonstration experiments and their instrumentation are described. The first test (FEBEX Experiment)
involves the hydration of a compacted bentonite barrier under the combined effect of an inner source of heat and an outer
water flow from the confining saturated granite rock. In the second case, the progressive de-saturation of Opalinus clay induced
by maintained ventilation of an unlined tunnel is analyzed. The paper shows the performance of different sensors (capacitive
cells, psychrometers, TDR’s) and a comparison of fill behaviour with modelling results. The long term performance of some
instruments could also be evaluated specially in the case of FEBEX test. Capacitive sensors provide relative humidity data
during long transient periods characterised by very large variations of suction within the bentonite. 相似文献
144.
中国大别山东南缘首次发现大坝陨坑构造 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
简介首次在大别山东南缘安徽省境内发现的大坝陨坑构造。经初步评价,知陨坑呈椭圆形,长轴呈北北东向,长约19km,短轴长约12km,最大坑深约2km,是一个有中央隆起区的复杂型陨坑。在卫片上陨坑显示环形影像,地貌形态为一洼地。陨坑基座保存尚好,可对它直观和追索陨坑构造边界。形成于230Ma左右的各类撞击变质岩石系列齐全,其中含有柯石英等典型的撞击变质矿物及撞击碎理等超微构造,特别是在陨坑基座内壁普遍发现有鉴别陨坑构造最可靠的标志——干裂自角砾岩,都证明大坝环形影像是一个典型的陨星撞击坑构造。它的发现,具有很大的科学及经济意义,对今后褶皱山区寻找和研究陨坑构造具有示范和指导作用,同时大大丰富了建设大别山世界地质公园的地质依据。无庸置疑此发现将促进大别山旅游业的发展及陨星撞击科普知识的传播。 相似文献
145.
146.
长牡蛎碱性磷酸酶的分离纯化及部分性质研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
本文以长牡蛎为酶源提取材料,用正丁醇抽提,硫酸铵分级分离,DEAE-52和Sephadex G-100柱层析,得到一定纯度的碱性磷酸酶,提纯倍数为61.96,比活力达1.326U/mg.该酶的最适pH值9.6,最适温度38℃,初速度6.8μmol/(dm~3·min),米氏常数Km值为1.30mmol/dm~3.实验结果表明,Mg~(2+)对该酶有明显的激活作用;Zn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Hg~(2+)对该酶有明显的抑制作用. 相似文献
147.
Tiago M. Alves Vasilios Lykousis Dimitris Sakellariou Stamatina Alexandri Paraskevi Nomikou 《Geo-Marine Letters》2007,27(1):41-61
Bathymetric, 9.5-kHz long-range sidescan sonar (OKEAN), seismic reflection and sediment-core data are used in the analysis
of two tectonic troughs south of Crete, Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Here, up to 1.2 s two-way travel time (TWTT) of strata
have accumulated since the Middle Miocene in association with extension in the South Aegean region. The study area comprises
>100-km- long by >25-km-wide basins filled by sediments subdivided into two seismic units: (1) an upper Unit 1 deposited in
sub-basins which follow the present-day configuration of the southern Cretan margin; (2) a basal Unit 2, more than 500 ms
(TWTT) thick, accumulated in deeper half-graben/grabens distinct from the present-day depocentres. Both units overlap a locally
stratified Unit 3 comprising the pre-Neogene core complex of Crete and Gavdos. In this work, the interpreted seismic units
are correlated with the onshore stratigraphy, demonstrating that denudation processes occurring on Crete and Gavdos in response
to major tectonic events have been responsible for high sedimentation rates along the proximal southern Cretan margin. Consequently,
topographically confined sedimentary units have been deposited south of Crete in the last 12 Ma, including turbidites and
other mass-flow deposits fed by evolving transverse and axial channel systems. Surface processes controlling facies distribution
include the direct inflow of sediment from alluvial-fan systems and incising mountain rivers onto the Cretan slope, where
significant sediment instability processes occur at present. In this setting, seismic profiles reveal eight different types
of stratigraphic contacts on basin-margin highs, and basinal areas show evidence of halokinesis and/or fluid escape. The acquired
data also show that significant changes to the margin’s configuration occurred in association with the post-Alpine tectonic
and eustatic episodes affecting the Eastern Mediterranean. 相似文献
148.
149.
The present paper deals with the ultrastructural changes of oocyte in the process of maturing in pen shell Atrinapectinata Linne. When it develops from the antecedent growth period to the accelerating growth period the annulate lamellae emerge, the RER better develop, the yolk granules with single and double layer membrane and are visible. In the well-developed mitochondria there is yolk stored. The Golgi vacuoles are brewing yolk granules. At the mature period the annulate lamellae and the Golgi bodies disappear, and there are only a few RER and mitochondria with poor cristae in the cytoplasm. All these might be well used for judging the maturity of the ootids in the process of the artificial propagation. 相似文献
150.