An Update of Conodonts in the Induan-Olenekian Boundary Strata at West Pingdingshan Section, Chaohu, Anhui Province

The Lower Triassic in Chaohu (巢湖) area, Anhui (安微) Province, China, is well developed and its sequence is typical in South China. After a brief introduction of the Induan-Olenekian boundary of Chaohu, this article presents some new data on conodonts. More than ten times of conodont samplings and investigations have recovered thousands of conodont specimens, which are especially rich in the Induan-Olenekian boundary strata at the West Pingdingshan Section in Chaohu City, Anhui Province. The most distinctive forms are the conodonts of the Neospathodus dieneri group and N. Waageni group. The first occurrence of N. Waageni eowaageni, which is regarded as the indicator of the Induan-Olenekian boundary, is situated at 40.49 m above the base of Yinkeng (殷坑) Formation. Some key conodonts and seven new specimens are introduced.     

碎石桩复合地基设计方法的探讨

通过对碎石桩复合地基承载力和抗震液化设计的对比和分析,提出了以承载力和抗震液化相互综合考虑的设计方法。     

西藏那曲地区嘎加组闪长玢岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄与地球化学特征

西藏那曲地区的中—晚三叠世嘎加组中存在一套闪长玢岩,对这套闪长玢岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素测定,获得的年龄为115.4±0.6Ma,属早白垩世,与区域上多尼组和则弄群时代一致。闪长玢岩SiO2含量均值为57.96%,富集Rb、Th元素,亏损Nb、P、Ti元素,与上地壳具有相似的蛛网图曲线。εHf(t)值在2.0～4.1之间,平均值为3.0,岩浆来自新生地壳。结合地球化学和构造环境综合分析,闪长玢岩可能形成于拉萨地块和羌塘地块碰撞环境,115Ma时研究区洋壳俯冲作用已结束,进入陆—陆碰撞的演化阶段,随着羌塘地块与拉萨地块的碰撞,地壳不断加厚,慢慢聚集在浅部岩浆房中的大量岩浆把已经加厚的地壳不断加热,从而引起上覆地壳的部分熔融。     

大陆中洋壳俯冲增生杂岩带特征与识别的重大科学意义

大洋或弧后洋盆俯冲增生是大陆地壳增长的主导地质作用.重建大陆中消亡的洋地层岩石组合序列是当代大陆动力学和地学研究的重大前沿.洋壳消减杂岩带的厘定是洋板块地质构造重建乃至全球大地构造研究之纲,是理解区域大地构造形成演化及动力学的核心.俯冲增生杂岩带的基本特征:(1)俯冲增生杂岩带物质组成的共性是:以强烈构造变形洋底沉积的硅质岩-硅泥质岩-粉砂岩、凝灰岩;弧-沟浊积岩等为基质;以洋岛-海山灰岩-玄武岩及塌积砾岩,洋内弧残留岩块,超镁铁质蛇绿岩、绿片岩、蓝片岩等为岩块.(2)变形样式:同斜倒转冲断叠瓦构造、增生柱前缘重力滑动构造以及泥质岩的底辟构造;增生楔前缘变形和增生形式受控于大洋或弧后洋盆的规模和洋壳的俯冲速度,也取决于陆缘碎屑供给量及洋底沉积厚度和岩性.(3)宽度和厚度:厚常达几千米,宽达几十公里至数百公里,延长上千公里,是洋壳俯冲消亡过程洋盆地层系统及陆缘沉积物加积的结果.(4)形成机制:是大陆碰撞前大洋(或弧后洋盆)岩石圈俯冲消减的产物.结合带中的早期俯冲增生杂岩带往往卷入晚期的构造混杂作用.     

泰国普龙矽卡岩型铜金矿床闪长岩锆石U-Pb定年及意义

泰国普龙矽卡岩铜金矿床是琅勃拉邦-黎府铜金多金属成矿带内一个大型矽卡岩铜金矿床。为了厘定普龙矽卡岩型铜金矿床成岩成矿时代、探讨其矿床成因,本文开展了与矽卡岩化密切相关的闪长岩锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究。研究表明,普龙铜金矿成矿时代为240.6±1.2Ma,与闪长岩结晶年龄一致。结合前人研究成果,认为琅勃拉邦-黎府铜金多金属成矿带在晚二叠世-早三叠世发生了一次重要的斑岩-矽卡岩-热液铜金成矿事件。     

一次梅雨锋暴雨过程数值模拟的云微物理参数化敏感性研究

梅雨锋暴雨中的云微物理过程对降水的演变有着重要影响。本文通过WRF模式（3.4.1版本）,针对2018年6月29～30日一次梅雨锋背景下的暴雨过程进行数值模拟,分别采用了Morrison、Thompson和MY云微物理参数化方案进行对比分析,结果发现:（1）三个方案模拟的背景场在天气尺度上,都与ERA5再分析资料一致,能够模拟出有利于强降水发生的环流场。云微物理过程对梅雨期暴雨的局地环流有着显著影响,不同方案存在明显差异,本次过程中,Thompson方案模拟出更强的局地环流系统变率和上升气流。三个方案的模拟降水均有所夸大,小时降水率始终大于观测值。冰相粒子融化或雨滴搜集云滴的高估可能是造成降水模拟值偏强的重要原因之一,总体来看,Morrison方案的模拟效果相对最优。（2）冰相粒子融化、雨滴搜集云滴是雨滴增长的关键源项,蒸发则是其最重要的汇项。总的来说,雨滴对云滴的搜集量大于冰相粒子融化。但上述过程在不同方案中存在空间上的差异,从而使得模拟降水的空间分布存在差异。（3）Thompson方案中,冰相粒子融化量最大,雨滴蒸发项显著大于其它两个方案,在底层表现得最为明显。同时,该方案水汽凝结效应最强,使得雨滴搜集更多云滴。该方案模拟的雨滴最多,降水最强。该方案中凝华的主要产物为雪,且其在与过冷水碰并增长过程中占主导地位,故模拟的雪最多。（4）Morrison方案中,水汽主要凝华为雪和少量霰（冰晶忽略不计）;Thompson方案中水汽基本凝华为雪,其它冰相粒子极少;MY方案中,水汽主要凝华为雪和冰晶,冰晶总量略少于雪,但显著大于其它方案。（5）云滴在凇附过程中的总体贡献大于雨滴。Morrison和MY方案中,霰粒子搜集云滴增长的量均最大。Morrison方案中,其它凇附过程不同程度发挥作用,而MY方案中,其它凇附过程几乎可忽略不计。并且,霰粒子搜集云滴的增长量大于凝华过程产生的雪粒子总量。贝吉龙及凇附效应的差异,是不同方案中冰相粒子分布差异的关键原因之一。     

甘肃省降水神经元网络预报系统

利用Ｂ－Ｐ神经网络原理,建立了以多数据库为支撑的甘肃省降水神经元网络预报系统。经过试运行发现,该系统具有客观定量化、系统化、业务实用化以及预报效果较好等特点。     

新型天气预报业务系统框架

在兰州区域气象中心ＤＥＣ业务网络下运行的新型天气预报业务系统,对西北地区东部的重要天气,按中短期预报时效,以模块的方式建立预报系统;以引进人工智能神经元网络技术,预报甘肃省降水天气。该系统经试运行,具有业务实用性强、预报效果较好等特点     

Changes in Mean Relative Sea Level around Canada in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries

Abstract

Trends in regional mean sea levels can be substantially different from the global mean trend. Here, we first use tide-gauge data and satellite altimetry measurements to examine trends in mean relative sea level (MRSL) for the coasts of Canada over approximately the past 50–100 years. We then combine model output and satellite observations to provide sea level projections for the twenty-first century. The MRSL trend based on historical tide-gauge data shows large regional variations, from 3?mm?y^?1 (higher than the global mean MRSL rise rate of 1.7?mm?y^?1 for 1900–2009) along the southeast Atlantic coast, close to or below the global mean along the Pacific and Arctic coasts, to –9?mm?y^?1 in Hudson Bay, as indicated by the vertical land motion. The combination of altimeter-measured sea level change with Global Positioning System (GPS) data approximately accounts for tide-gauge measurements at most stations for the 1993–2011 period. The projected MRSL change between 1980 and 1999 and between 2090 and 2099 under a medium-high climate change emission scenario (A2) ranges from ?50?cm in northeastern Canada to 75?cm in southeastern Canada. Along the coast of the Beaufort Sea, the MRSL rise is as high as 70?cm. The MRSL change along the Pacific coast varies from ?15 to 50?cm. The ocean steric and dynamical effects contribute to the rise in MRSL along Canadian coasts and are dominant on the southeast coast. Land-ice (glaciers and ice sheets) melt contributes 10–20?cm to the rise in MRSL, except in northeastern Canada. The effect of the vertical land uplift is large and centred near Hudson Bay, significantly reducing the rise in MRSL. The land-ice melt also causes a decrease in MRSL in northeastern Canada. The projected MRSL change under a high emission scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5) has a spatial pattern similar to that under A2, with a slightly greater rise in MRSL of 7?cm, on average, and some notable differences at specific sites.     

云南一次城市极端强降水事件成因分析

利用云南乡镇自动站降水资料、短时强降水监测资料、FY2G卫星资料、高空地面常规观测资料和NCEP再分析资料,从天气学角度分析了2020年夏季昆明一次城市极端强降水事件的成因。结果表明：受滇缅高压脊作用,高原槽东移后在云南东北部形成高原低涡,高原低涡沿着两高辐合区南移影响昆明,高原低涡和切变线是本次昆明极端强降水的主要影响系统,昆明极端强降水发生在高原低涡和切变线附近水汽辐合程度大的区域;此次强降水过程的不稳定机制为对流不稳定和对称不稳定并存,其中对称不稳定使倾斜对流得以维持;边界层辐合线触发近地层垂直上升运动和中尺度对流系统的生成,700 hPa切变线和500 hPa低涡使中尺度对流系统发展,垂直上升运动增强,触发不稳定能量的释放,引发强降水;涡生参数正值区对高原低涡的产生和移动方向的预测有指示意义。