Analysis of Offshore Oil Pipeline Floating Laying

-Based on the calculation model for the floating laying of the offshore oil pipeline, this paper analyses in detail the internal force, and deformation of the pipeline under a definite structural form (pipeline and buoy) and the way of pulling. The obtained results can be used for the buoy deployment, structure design, and the determination of pulling parameters (the pulling force of the cable and its length, etc.), providing an effective analysis method for floating pipeline-laying. A calculation example is given to show the related calculation process and the main results are analyzed and discussed.     

黄河口及渤海中南部沉积物工程特性及其机理

采用Ｋａｓｔｅｎ取样器从黄河口及渤海湾中南部海底沉积物中取样，对样品通过土工性质、微结构研究以及粘土矿物分析，阐明本研究区三维空间展布的海底沉积物形成机理及其工程地质规律，论证水动力作用和斜坡不稳定性对工程特性和微结构的重要影响．     

灵山岛浅海岩礁区底栖生物的群落特点

浅海岩礁环境系高生产力区,在中、高纬度海域中,由大型海藻和大叶藻(Zosteramarina)所构成的初级生产力常为浮游植物初级生产力的数倍(Miller et al.,1971)。同时,此种环境又是以大型藻类或有机碎屑为食物的珍贵海产品鲍鱼(Haliotis)、刺参(Stichopus)、海胆(Strongylocentrotus)等的栖息场所和采捕作业区;还是一些优质鱼类星鳗( Astroconger myriaster)、鲈(Lateolobrax japonicus)等的藏匿场所和游钓渔业的渔场;重要经济藻类石花菜(Gelidium)等也在此环境中定着、生长。所以,浅海岩礁的资源开发前景很好。为了促进上述珍贵海产品的增、养殖生产和发展游钓渔业,有必要对浅海岩礁底栖生物群落的结构、功能进行系统研究,以便为岩礁区的资源开发和海岸带环境保护提供科学依据。为此,中科院海洋研究所在1987年初步调查的基础上,1992年以灵山岛为点,对水下岩礁环境和生物群落进行了系统的调查。本文主要分析浅海岩礁底栖生物的群落特点。     

卫星遥感海表温度反演结果再处理研究

针对东海渔区的海洋渔业应用,以中国东海渔区(121°～124°E,29°～32°N)NOAA level-2B SST反演数据为例,通过不同空间内插方法的对比分析,得到最优内插模型,继而获取海表温度图像和海温等值线图,为海洋渔业提供必要的基础资料.     

黄河口总碱度保守与非保守行为探讨

为了阐明黄河口TAlk（总碱度）的行为特征及主要影响因素,根据2004年4月黄河口TAlk实测数据,结合其它化学要素的同步观测资料对其进行了初步探讨.研究结果表明： 黄河口水体在S〈24的区域范围内TAlk呈现出非保守行为,其中 S〈5时TAlk非保守表现为净TAlk的“亏损”, 即水体TAlk低于理论混合TAlk,是由于水体中DIC的沉淀作用引起;在盐度为8～24之间,TAlk非保守表现为净TAlk的“增加”,即水体TAlk高于理论混合TAlk,主要是由于水体中颗粒碳酸盐溶解引起;水体中的CO2参与了颗粒碳酸盐的溶解,并且很可能是影响水体中碳酸盐溶解的主要因素.     

超过例外氧暴露时限的空气巡回潜水实验中若干生理功能的观察

17名潜水员安全地进行了55人次超过美国海军例外氧暴露时限1.5—3倍的空气巡回潜水实验。生理功能观察和肺活量测定结果表明,在水深70m以浅,潜水员均保持了相当好的智力和操作能力,在连续3d 3倍氧暴露时限的巡潜后期,只有3人肺活量下降,且在次日测定时已见恢复,表明上述暴露是安全的。美国海军例外氧暴露时限中对于70m以浅空气暴露的相应规定显得保守。     

An ecological study on the fouling organisms in Yantai Harbour

Yantai Harbour (37°33′15″N , 121°23′42″E) is situated at the north coast of Shandong Peninsula and is a large fishing and commercial port of North China. From June 1983 to May 1984, a yearly panel test on fouling organisms was carried out at the non-fixed jetties in the inner and outer harbour. The test method was according to "the Marine Survey     

强潮流作用下桥墩不对称“双肾型”冲刷地貌特征与机理

本文在海图地形资料分析桥轴线附近的海床自然冲刷的基础上,利用多波束测深技术研究大桥主墩附近局部冲刷地形。结果表明,该大桥桥位附近地形冲刷较显著,且大桥主墩位置有持续冲刷的趋势;主墩上、下游群桩最大冲刷深度呈上游最深、中部淤积、下游渐深的不对称形态,最大局部冲刷深度为4 m;桥墩整体冲刷坑形态呈南北“双肾型”;潮流流向与桥墩迎流面存在偏南的入射角,使得各桥墩南侧的最大冲深和冲刷范围均大于北侧。     

On the radiation and diffraction of linear water waves by an infinitely long rectangular structure submerged in oblique seas

The radiation and diffraction of linear water waves by an infinitely long rectangular structure submerged in oblique seas of finite depth is investigated. The analytical expressions for the radiated and diffracted potentials are derived as infinite series by use of the method of separation of variables. The unknown coefficients in the series are determined by the eigenfunction expansion matching method. The expressions for wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients and reflection and transmission coefficients are given and verified by the boundary element method. Using the present analytical solution, the hydrodynamic influences of the angle of incidence, the submergence, the width and the thickness of the structure on the wave forces, hydrodynamic coefficients, and reflection and transmission coefficients are discussed in detail.