An scientific evaluation of annual earthquake prediction ability

Introduction There have been nearly 40 years for earthquake prediction since the research on earthquake prediction was carried out in plan by some advanced countries since 1960s. For the hard long process of earthquake prediction, Alen, American famous scientist and former president of the evaluation commission of earthquake prediction in California, USA, said that the difficulty of earthquake prediction is more than the expected and the practical progress of earthquake prediction is more sl…     

钢筋砼摩擦耗能支撑框架结构的单元刚度和力学模型分析

为研究钢筋砼摩擦耗能支撑框架结构的动力反应性能 ,对其中的摩擦耗能器单元和框架杆单元的单元刚度和力学模型做了分析。钢筋砼摩擦耗能支撑单元由支撑杆单元和钢板—橡胶摩擦耗能器单元组成 ,支撑单元可取空间杆单元 ,摩擦耗能器单元为平面应力矩形单元。摩擦耗能器单元的剪切恢复力曲线为理想的弹塑性曲线 ,根据耗能器单元的力学模型 ,可确定其在每一时刻的刚度 ;框架结构空间杆单元的恢复力模型采用双线型模型 ,根据杆单元的力学模型 ,可确定其在每一时刻的刚度。并利用所编制的程序对十层单榀两跨空间普通框架和摩擦耗能支撑框架在地震作用下进行了弹塑性反应时程分析 ,结果表明耗能支撑框架的顶层最大位移明显小于普通框架     

Early Yanshanian post-orogenic granitoids in the Nanling region Petrological constraints and geodynamic settings

Early Yanshanian magmatic suites predominate absolutely in the Nanling granite belt. They consist mainly of monzogranite and K-feldspar granite. There occur associations of early Yanshanian A-type granitoids (176 Ma-178 Ma) and bimodal volcanic rocks (158 Ma-179 Ma) in southern Jiangxi and southwestern Fujian in the eastern sector of the granite belt and early Yanshanian basalts (177 Ma-178 Ma) in southern Hunan in the central sector of the belt. Both the acid end-member rhyolite in the bimodal volcanic rock association and A-type granitoids in southern Jiangxi have the geochemical characteristics of intraplate granitic rocks and the basic end-member basalt of the association is intraplate tholeiite, while the basaltic rocks in southern Hunan include not only intraplate tholeiite but also intraplate alkali basalt. Therefore the early Yanshanian magmatic suites in the Nanling region are undoubtedly typical post-orogenic rock associations. Post-orogenic suites mark the end of a post-collision or late orogenic event and the initiation of Pangaea break-up, indicating that a new orogenic Wilson cycle is about to start. Therefore it may be considered that the early Yanshanian geodynamic settings in the Nanling region should be related to post-orogenic continental break-up after the Indosinian orogeny and the break-up did not begin in the Cretaceous.     

用于地震调查的航空红外遥感实时传输系统研究

该系统提供了航空红外遥感资料的袢时采集和传输，为及时开展地震野外调查工作提供了一个有力的手段。该系统由红外传感器系统、机载站图像和数据实时处理系统、机载站通信系统、转发站通信系统、地面站接收系统、地面站图像和数据实时处理系统组成。     

Model-independent Travel-time Attributes for 2-D, Finite-offset Multicoverage Reflections

— In this paper, we provide a 5-parameter stacking formula to transform 2-D prestack data into a particular common-offset section. This requires the knowledge of the near-surface velocity only and it is expected that ray theory holds to describe primary reflections. The earth model can be arbitrarily inhomogeneous. The new stacking approach can be viewed as a generalization of the 3-parameter common-reflection-surface (CRS) stack, by which 2-D multicoverage data are stacked into a simulated zero-offset section. The new 5-parameter formula can handle P-P, P-S and S-S reflections.     

On crustal movement in Mt. Qomolangma area

Mt. Qomolangma lies in the collision zone between the fringe of Eurasia plate and Indian plate. The crustal movement there is still very active so far. In the past three decades China carried out five geodetic campaigns in Mt. Qomolangma and its north vicinal area, independently or cooperatively with other countries, including triangulation, leveling, GPS positioning, atmospheric, astronomical and gravity measurements. On the basis of the observation results achieved in the campaigns the crustal movements in the area were studied and explored. A non-stationary phenomenon both in time and space of the crustal vertical movement in the area is found. There seems to be some relevance between the phenomenon of non-stationary in time and seismic episode in China. The phenomenon of non-stationary in space is possibly relevant to the no-homo- geneity of crustal medium and non-uniform absorption of terrestrial stress. The horizontal crustal movement in the area is in the direction of NEE at a speed of 6–7 cm per year, and the trend of strike slip movement is manifested evidently in the collision fringe of Indian plate and Qinghai-Xizang block.     

近几十年来西北江三角洲网河区顶点的河相关系

据西北江三角洲网河区顶点马口、三水两水文站1959－1988年的实测大断面、流量、流速和水位资料，采用Leopold的水力几何形态关系建立断面河相关系，探讨两水文观测断面的河相关系特征、年际变化及河相关系的差异。河相关系表明，西北江三角洲的断面水力几何形态指数β1值相对较小，而β3值相对较大，代表了珠江特有的丰水少沙河流的河相关系。     

中全新世以来黑龙江同江地区的孢粉组合与植被、气候演化

对黑龙江省同江县96－QP剖面从下至上划分4个孢粉组合带：1是以蒙古栎－桦属－蒿属－苔草属－木本科－水龙骨科为主组合带；2是以蒿属－莎草科－禾本科－桦属－栎属为主组合带；3是以桦属－蒙古栎松属－蒿属－莎草科－禾本科为主组合带；4是以松属－桦属－蒙古栎－蒿属－苔草属为主组合带。这4个孢粉组合带清楚地反映了古植被，古气候演替4个阶段；依次为温性落叶阔叶林－针，阔叶混交林→以落叶阔叶树稍多的针、阔叶混交林－草原→以松占优势的针、阔叶混交林。其气候变化是温暖湿润－温和略干－温和略湿－温凉湿润。     

极地冰雪氢氧同位素指标及其指示意义

本文综述了水汽来源状况、降水季节变化、火山喷发、太阳活动等气候环境因素对极地冰雪中同位素含量的可能影响及其程度 ,以及降水区域不均衡性、降水年际不均衡性、逆温层和同位素在冰雪中的扩散迁移作用等几种不稳定因素可能对冰雪同位素分析造成的干扰 ;在此基础上 ,综述了极地冰雪中δ1 8O、δD和其差值d(d =δD - 8δ1 8O)与局部或全球气温之间的一些线性关系 (包括全球尺度 ,格陵兰地区 ,南极地区等 )及它们在空间分布上的变化规律     

南极GRV 99027陨石:火星陨石中的一个新成员

来自南极格罗夫山蓝冰地区的GRV 99027陨石为一无球粒陨石,主要由橄榄石及辉石组成。棕色橄榄石具堆晶结构及镶嵌结构等火成岩浆分异结晶的特征。陨石的矿物模式组成及化学成分显示与SNC族陨石特征相似,特别是与ALHA77005陨石十分接近。后者被确定为二辉橄榄岩质辉玻无球粒陨石类(Lherozolitic-Shergotty,L-S)火星陨石。GRV 99027陨石的矿物化学特征以及FeO/MnO比值也与L-S类相似。可以初步认为GRV 99027陨石为SNC族火星陨石一个新的成员。二辉橄榄岩相当于地球的上地幔成分。陨石来自火星探部,为世界上极为稀有的火星样品,极具研究价值。