江西地区地震动非弹性衰减和场地响应特征研究

以2009年以来江西省地震台网记录到的86个M_L2.5以上地震事件的波形资料为研究对象,通过遗传算法获得介质的品质因子和台站场地响应,并在此基础上计算地震的震源谱参数。结果显示,江西地区Q值与频率f的关系式为Q（f）=323.1f^{0.505 9};大部分台站的场地响应在频率域表现为平坦型,整体上与台站基岩性质相符;近震级M_L与地震矩M₀在单对数坐标下呈线性关系,地震矩与拐角频率呈负相关特征,应力降与地震矩之间没有显著相关性;震源半径与应力降存在显著的双对数关系。     

科洛新生代火山群富钾火山岩中的幔源包体特征及上地幔热状态

黑龙江省科洛火山群富钾火山岩主要岩石组合为碱玄岩、响岩等岩石,岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学、同位素等特征研究表明,其岩浆来自上地幔并为板内裂谷环境,是上地幔岩部分熔融形成的岩浆喷至地袁冷凝形成的.岩石中幔源金云母、尖晶石二辉橄榄岩包体研究表明,科洛地区的上地幔是"过热"的,这种"过热"的状态,正是诱发大陆裂谷构造形成的根本原因.     

公路采动区裂缝快速获取及精度分析

采动区公路路面裂缝引发公路产生松散剥落、唧浆、缓慢沉降等病害,危及公路的正常运营,需要对裂缝长度和宽度信息进行监测。针对传统的公路路面裂缝测量获取方法劳动强度大、成本高、效率低等缺点,该文设计使用手机相机采集裂缝图像,使用图像处理技术对图像进行增强和除噪、阈值分割,结合尺度基准提取裂缝的长度和宽度信息。运用该方法对采动区公路路面裂缝进行快速获取,实验结果表明:路面裂缝长度计算的相对中误差不超过7.6%;宽度的计算值与实测的宽度相比,其相对误差在8.1%以内,证明该方法检测出的裂缝的长度和宽度具有较高的准确度,能够高效地获得路面裂缝的信息。     

Molecular weight controllable degradation of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Laminaria japonica</Emphasis> polysaccharides and its antioxidant properties

In this study, molecular weight controllable degradation of algal Laminaria japonica polysaccharides（LPS） was investigated by ultrasound combined with hydrogen peroxide. Three main factors, i.e., ultrasonic power（A）, ultrasonic time（B）, and H₂O₂ concentration（C） were chosen for optimizing parameters by employing three-factors, three-levels BBD. The influence of degradation on structure change and antioxidant activities was also investigated. A second-order polynomial equation including molecular weight（Y） of Laminaria japonica polysaccharides and each variable parameter, i.e., ultrasonic power（A）, ultrasonic time（B）, and H₂O₂ concentration（C）, was established: Y=20718.67-4273.13A-4000.38B-1438.75C+2333.25AB+1511.00AC+873.00BC+2838.29A² + 2490.79B²+873.04C². The equation regression coefficient value（R² = 0.969） indicated that this equation was valid. The value of the adjusted determination coefficient（adjusted R² = 0.914） also confirmed that the model was highly significant. The results of selected experimental degradation conditions matched with the predicted value. FT-IR spectra revealed that the structures of LPS before and after degradation were not significantly changed. Antioxidant activities of LPS revealed that low Mws possessed stronger inhibitory than the original polysaccharides. The scavenging effects on superoxide radicals was the highest when IC50 of crude LPS was 4.92 mg mL^-1 and IC50 of Mw 18.576 KDa was 1.02 mg mL^-1, which was fourfold higher than initial polysaccharide.     

褒禅山华阳洞的形成机理及保护意义

褒禅山华阳洞主体发育于二叠系栖霞组灰岩中,是含山地区重要的地质遗迹之一。笔者从区域地质演化过程入手,针对岩溶洞穴发育的物质基础、局部构造条件、水流的定向溶蚀及新构造运动等方面进行综合研究,简要分析了华阳洞的形成机理,并从地学研究、旅游价值等方面阐述了对其保护的重要意义。     

A rock fall of the north Zhongtiao Shan fault and the Yongji earthquake in 793, Shanxi Province,North China

Earthquake is the main driving factor of landslides, and a large number of empirical formulas for seismic parameters have been proposed. This article studies a rock avalanche triggered by a paleoearthquake and two trial trenches in Yongji, Shanxi Province. Six quartz samples were collected from different parts on the top of the boulder, and the youngest ¹⁰Be exposure age is 1173 ± 123 years, which is considered as the occurrence time of the rock fall. The trenches excavated near the boulder infer that there was an earthquake between 2000 ± 110 and 465 ± 45 cal a bp in the north Zhongtiao Shan (NZS) fault with a maximum vertical displacement of 1.5 m and the surface rupture length (SRL) of ~35 km corresponding to a magnitude (M _S) of 6.70 ± 0.12 based on the displacement. Taking into account the occurrence time and minimum magnitude triggering the rock fall, the latest paleoearthquake revealed by trenches may be the forcing factor. Furthermore, according to historical records of Yongji, the earthquake of magnitude 6 in ad 793 is in consistency with the occurrence time and magnitude of the earthquake triggering the landslide. Therefore, the rock fall is related to the paleoearthquake revealed by the trenches, which may be the 793 Yongji earthquake.     

江苏淤泥质海岸海岸线分形机理研究

结合国内外分形研究进展,系统探讨了江苏淤泥质海岸海岸线的分形机理问题,指出;江苏海岸的形成受到了构造和河流泥沙淤积的双重作用,而海岸线的走向则受到了构造,河流淤积,滩面物质组成与沿海黄海沿岸流的共同作用;另外,江苏海岸线分维的变化与海岸的淤积和侵蚀有着必然的联系;再者,江苏海岸物质组成具有分形性质,这是江苏海岸线具有分形性质的物质基础。     

Sanxicun landslide: an investigation of progressive failure of a gentle bedding slope

Natural Hazards - A gentle bedding slope (16° dip angle) failure at Sanxicun (SXC) village in Dujiangyan city was triggered by heavy rainfall in 2013. The landslide has a sliding distance of...     

基于事件触发和欺骗攻击的多智能体一致性控制

本文研究了基于事件触发和欺骗攻击的多智能体一致性问题.为了降低智能体间无线通信网络负载,本文引入事件触发机制来减少智能体之间通信的冗余数据传输量.由于智能体间无线通信网络易遭受网络攻击,因此考虑无线通信网络环境下欺骗攻击的影响,建立了一类基于事件触发和欺骗攻击的多智能体系统数学模型.基于此模型,通过利用Lyapunov稳定性理论、多智能体一致性理论和线性矩阵不等式技术分别给出多智能体一致性控制的稳定性条件和控制器设计算法.最后,通过仿真算例验证了所提出设计方法的有效性.     

革新钻井液技术以促进干热岩产业化开发

我国干热岩资源丰富,利用系数高,可为电力提供稳定基础荷载,被认为是能够担负起能源革命重任的可再生清洁能源,其规模开发对我国实现“碳达峰和碳中和”具有重要意义。然而,经历近半个世纪,目前世界范围内仅有少量利用EGS技术开发的干热岩示范项目有微量发电,实现产业化目标尚有许多技术瓶颈。通过研究EGS开发过程和钻井液技术,笔者提出：EGS钻井过程中存在钻井液漏失。因此,钻井液组分自身、钻井液与岩屑或井壁岩石、钻井液与热储裂缝表面岩石,在高温高压下会发生各种理化反应,生成新的物质。这些新的物质可能会沉淀在井壁和裂缝表面,甚至可能与井壁或裂缝表面岩石固结成一体,降低裂缝的有效空间,甚至封堵裂缝,且难以清除,使热储导流能力极大降低,难以达到发电要求的流量。因此,革新钻井液技术理念,研究EGS高温高压环境下钻井液组分和岩屑与温压之间的相互关系及其对钻井液性能的影响,利用先进的计算机数据统计、分析和计算技术,对钻井液性能、钻井液在井筒的流动特性以及钻井液与热储岩石的配伍性进行精准预测和控制,避免或减少钻井液漏失以及钻井液在热储环境下与岩石的反应,消除钻井液对热储伤害,提高渗透率,可能是干热岩产业化的技术突破。