全文获取类型
收费全文 | 29372篇 |
免费 | 1204篇 |
国内免费 | 2290篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1740篇 |
大气科学 | 3186篇 |
地球物理 | 5697篇 |
地质学 | 14421篇 |
海洋学 | 1568篇 |
天文学 | 1820篇 |
综合类 | 2562篇 |
自然地理 | 1872篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 29篇 |
2023年 | 112篇 |
2022年 | 278篇 |
2021年 | 331篇 |
2020年 | 240篇 |
2019年 | 291篇 |
2018年 | 5024篇 |
2017年 | 4288篇 |
2016年 | 2837篇 |
2015年 | 507篇 |
2014年 | 401篇 |
2013年 | 305篇 |
2012年 | 1289篇 |
2011年 | 3053篇 |
2010年 | 2324篇 |
2009年 | 2566篇 |
2008年 | 2082篇 |
2007年 | 2590篇 |
2006年 | 288篇 |
2005年 | 387篇 |
2004年 | 532篇 |
2003年 | 529篇 |
2002年 | 404篇 |
2001年 | 180篇 |
2000年 | 220篇 |
1999年 | 252篇 |
1998年 | 189篇 |
1997年 | 192篇 |
1996年 | 172篇 |
1995年 | 167篇 |
1994年 | 133篇 |
1993年 | 165篇 |
1992年 | 100篇 |
1991年 | 78篇 |
1990年 | 56篇 |
1989年 | 50篇 |
1988年 | 42篇 |
1987年 | 35篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 24篇 |
1980年 | 25篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1958年 | 14篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
1947年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
This paper proposes a multi‐level parallelized substructuring–frontal combined algorithm for the analysis of the problem of thermo/hydraulic/mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soil. Temperature, displacement, pore water pressure and pore air pressure are treated as the primary variables in a non‐linear analysis. Details are given firstly of the substructuring–frontal combined approach. The incorporation of the algorithm in a multi‐level parallel strategy is then discussed. The parallel processing can thus be carried out at different substructural levels. The method thus developed impacts, in a positive way, on both computer storage requirement and execution time. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
Himalayan magmatism and porphyry copper–molybdenum mineralization in the Yulong ore belt, East Tibet
Summary ?The NW–SE-trending Yulong porphyry Cu–Mo ore belt, situated in the Sanjiang0 area of eastern Tibet, is approximately 400 km
long and 35 to 70 km wide. Complex tectonic and magmatic processes during the Himalayan epoch have given rise to favorable
conditions for porphyry-type Cu–Mo mineralization.
Porphyry masses of the Himalayan epoch in the Yulong ore belt are distributed in groups along regional NW–SE striking tectonic
lineaments. They were emplaced mainly into Triassic and Lower Permian sedimentary-volcanic rocks. K–Ar und U–Pb isotopic datings
give an intrusion age range of 57–26 Ma. The porphyries are mainly of biotite monzogranitic and biotite syenogranitic compositions.
Geological and geochemical data indicate that the various porphyritic intrusions in the belt had a common or similar magma
source, are metaluminous to peraluminous, Nb–Y–Ba-depleted, I-type granitoids, and belong to the high-K calc-alkaline series.
Within the Yulong subvolcanic belt a number of porphyry stocks bear typical porphyry type Cu–Mo alteration and mineralization.
The most prominent porphyry Co–Mo deposits include Yulong, Malasongduo, Duoxiasongduo, Mangzong and Zhanaga, of which Yulong
is one of the largest porphyry Cu (Mo) deposits in China with approximately 8 × 106 tons of contained Cu metal. Hydrothermal alteration at Yulong developed around a biotite–monzogranitic porphyry stock that
was emplaced within Upper Triassic limestone, siltstone and mudstone. The earliest alteration was due to the effects of contact
metamorphism of the country rocks and alkali metasomatism (potassic alteration) within and around the porphyry body. The alteration
of this stage was accompanied by a small amount of disseminated and veinlet Cu–Mo sulfide mineralization. Later alteration–mineralization
zones form more or less concentric shells around the potassic zone, around which are distributed a phyllic or quartz–sericite–pyrite
zone, a silicification and argillic zone, and a propylitic zone.
Fluid inclusion data indicate that three types of fluids were involved in the alteration–mineralization processes: (1) early
high temperature (660–420 °C) and high salinity (30–51 wt% NaCl equiv) fluids responsible for the potassic alteration and
the earliest disseminated and/or veinlet Cu–Mo sulfide mineralization; (2) intermediate unmixed fluids corresponding to phyllic
alteration and most Cu–Mo sulfide mineralization, with salinities of 30–50 wt% NaCl equiv and homogenization temperatures
of 460–280 °C; and (3) late low to moderate temperature (300–160 °C) and low salinity (6–13 wt% NaCl equiv) fluids responsible
for argillic and propylitic alteration. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic studies show that the early hydrothermal fluids are of
magmatic origin and were succeeded by increasing amounts of meteoric-derived convective waters. Sulfur isotopes also indicate
a magmatic source for the sulfur in the early sulfide mineralization, with the increasing addition of sedimentary sulfur outward
from the porphyry stock.
Received August 29, 2001; revised version accepted May 1, 2002
Published online: November 29, 2002 相似文献
3.
QSO objective prism survey was done for the field centered at 10h40m + 00°00. For the 348 objects selected, we present in this paper their positions,B
J
magnitudes, spectra, and finding charts. Based on the sample containing 163 QSO candidates with higher reliabilities (F 3), the surface density of QSO candidates withB
J
20 is estimated to be about 4.5 per square degree.Work based on UKST plates. 相似文献
4.
本文探讨了城市居住小区生态系统,提出了城市生态居住小区的关键因素,最后对岭南城市生态居住小区规划进行了探索。 相似文献
5.
TRMM卫星微波成像仪分级产品及其反演降水算法 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
文章叙述了获取定量降水信息的意义,简要介绍了对热带测雨卫星TRMM(Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission)的仪器、美国国家宇航局提供的微波成像仪TMI(TRMM Microwave Imager)分级产品。对比了物理方法和经验方法反演降水的特点,并对一些经验方法以及倾斜对流系统对反演降水的影响、动态聚类分析、神经网络反演方法的研究成果进行了介绍。 相似文献
6.
Pollution history and recovery of a boreal lake exposed to a heavy bleached pulping effluent load 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Juhani Hynynen Arja Palomäki Jarmo J. Meriläinen Allan Witick Keijo Mäntykoski 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2004,32(4):351-374
We examined the effects of heavy pulp mill discharges on the Lake Lievestuoreenjärvi ecosystem and the later recovery of diatom and chironomid communities from age-dated short core samples. Beginning in 1927 the lake received a heavy effluent load from a sulphite pulp mill. Except for the recession during the Second World War and the temporary closure of the mill from 1967 to 1971, the industrial load, containing large quantities of nutrients, organic matter and toxic compounds, increased continuously. In the early 1980s, laboratory documents were falsified by the directors of the mill and the systematic illegal effluent overload led to a collapse of the whole lake ecosystem. In 1985, the outdated plant was finally closed down. Based on the assessment of chemical properties and biological remains of the sediment, we distinguished five developmental phases in the ecological state of the lake. In the pre-industrial phase, the pelagic and profundal benthic communities were dominated by species preferring ultraoligotrophic or oligotrophic lakes. Concomitant with the increasing discharge and deposition of chlorine compounds, resin acids, and mercury, as well as strong acidity and hypolimnetic and epilimnetic anoxia, the ecological status changed in a short period from excellent to bad. Finally, in the early 1960s, the majority of the lake was virtually dead and the aquatic life survived only in the uppermost littoral zone. Since 1985, a fast recovery in the water quality has led to a strong, but temporary eutrophy in pelagic communities. The main peak of eutrophication was caused by the invasion of a species new to the lake,Aulacoseira granulata var.angustissima. Later, the pelagic communities shifted towards oligotrophy, but the original, pre-industrial status has not been re-established. The profundal benthic communities have not achieved the pre-industrial structure, but at present indicate mesotrophy. 相似文献
7.
The ice algal and phytoplankton assemblages were studied from Nella Fjord near Zhongshan Station, East Antarctica from April 12 to December 30, 1992. Algal blooms occurred about 3 cm thick on the bottom of sea ice in late April and mid November to early December respectively, and a phytoplankton bloom appeared in the underlying surface water in mid December following the spring ice algal bloom. The biomass in ice bottom was 1 to 3 orders of magnitude higher than that of surface water. Amphiprora kjellmanii, Berkeleya sp., Navicula glaciei, Nitzschia barkelyi, N. cylindrus /N. curta, N. lecointei and Nitzschia sp. were common in the sea ice temporarily or throughout the study period. The biomass in a certain ice segment was decreased gradually and the dominant species were usually succeeded as the season went on. Nitzschia sublineata and Dactyliosolen antarctica were two seasonal dominant species only observed in underlying water column. The assemblages between bottom of ice and underlying surface water were different except when spring ice algae bloomed. The evidence shows that the ice algal blooms occurred mainly by in situ growth of ice algae, and the phytoplankton bloom was mostly caused by the release of ice algae. 相似文献
8.
水热法从钾长石中提取钾、硅、铝的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过水热化学反应将钾长石中的钾、硅和铝转变为可溶性组份,具有十分重要的应用价值.本文用单因素实验考察了不同水热反应实验条件对钾长石中钾、硅、铝溶出率的影响,并根据溶出率结果优化了反应条件.单因素实验结果表明:(1)在190℃条件下,随生石灰加入量的逐渐增加,产物中各元素的溶出率有一个先增加后减少的趋势.(2)在相同的生石灰、钾长石比例下,当反应16 h后,产物中各元素的溶出率随反应时间的延长趋于平缓.(3)随反应温度的逐渐增加,产物中各元素的溶出率逐渐增加. 相似文献
9.
贡嘎山东坡亚高山不同林地土壤水分特性与生态环境效应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
森林土壤水分特性,包括水分的渗透与蒸发、保持与贮存等对森林生态环境都有重要意义。本文研究了长江上游贡嘎山亚高山不同森林类型土壤的水分特征及其生态环境作用,结果表明:成熟林、过熟林土壤在储水、渗透、容水、蒸发和持水特性等多数方面利于保持和改善生态环境,次生或林分单一森林类型次之,林木皆伐后最差。研究区以成熟林和过熟林为主,生态环境保护较好。尽管该区与长江上游其它地区一样同具自然地理条件差、生态环境脆弱的特征,但由于该区森林植被和环境得到了有效保护,土壤水分特性好,促进了森林生态系统的良性循环,生态环境问题得到进一步改善。 相似文献
10.