广东梅县地区矿产远景遥感调查研究

利用遥感技术获取构造信息和异常信息,探讨了线环形构造和蚀变异常的遥感示矿模型,通过成矿关系分析提高找矿效果,为梅县地区矿产远景勘查提供了有利的科学依据。研究建立起植被高覆盖区遥感信息提取的一套有效的技术体系,在遥感地质找矿中具有一定的参考和应用价值。     

地震数据数字化及实时传输

简要地介绍了地震数据国际交换试验系统和台站地震数据实时采集传输系统的组成、各部分的特性与功能、地震数据数字化及实时传输过程。     

ENSO stability in coupled climate models and its association with mean state

In this study, using the Bjerknes stability (BJ) index analysis, we estimate the overall linear El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) stability and the relative contribution of positive feedbacks and damping processes to the stability in historical simulations of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) models. When compared with CMIP3 models, the ENSO amplitudes and the ENSO stability as estimated by the BJ index in the CMIP5 models are more converged around the observed, estimated from the atmosphere and ocean reanalysis data sets. The reduced diversity among models in the simulated ENSO stability can be partly attributed to the reduced spread of the thermocline feedback and Ekman feedback terms among the models. However, a systematic bias persists from CMIP3 to CMIP5. In other words, the majority of the CMIP5 models analyzed in this study still underestimate the zonal advective feedback, thermocline feedback and thermodynamic damping terms, when compared with those estimated from reanalysis. This discrepancy turns out to be related with a cold tongue bias in coupled models that causes a weaker atmospheric thermodynamical response to sea surface temperature changes and a weaker oceanic response (zonal currents and zonal thermocline slope) to wind changes.     

Hydrogen incorporation into forsterite in Mg2SiO4–K2Mg(CO3)2–H2O and Mg2SiO4–H2O–C at 7.5–14.0 GPa

Experiments on water solubility in forsterite in the systems Mg₂SiO₄–K₂Mg(CO₃)₂–H₂O and Mg₂SiO₄–H₂O–C were conducted at 7.5–14.0 GPa and 1200–1600 °C. The resulting crystals contain 448 to 1480 ppm water, which is 40–70% less than in the forsterite–water system under the same conditions. This can be attributed to lower water activity in the carbonate-bearing melt. The water content of forsterite was found to vary systematically with temperature and pressure. For instance, at 14 GPa in the system forsterite–carbonate–H₂O the H₂O content of forsterite drops from 1140 ppm at 1200 °C to 450 ppm at 1600 °C, and at 8 GPa it remains constant or increases from 550 to 870 ppm at 1300–1600 °C. Preliminary data for D-H-bearing forsterite are reported. Considerable differences were found between IR spectra of D-H- and H-bearing forsterite. The results suggest that CO₂ can significantly affect the width of the olivine-wadsleyite transition, i.e., the 410-km seismic discontinuity, which is a function of the water content of olivine and wadsleyite.     

海洋信息技术新进展

海洋信息技术是认识和开发利用海洋最直接、最便捷的手段.本文主要概述自2015年以来,围绕海洋观测监测、海洋物联网、海上通信组网、海洋信息基础设施、海洋数据处理以及信息应用服务等方面的新发展和新技术,并对后续发展提出简要建议.     

一种自然邻近关系查询的空间索引结构

自然邻近关系在空间数据库管理系统中具有十分重要的地位。为了克服Voronoi图受空间目标位置的影响,本文采用约束Delaunay三角网,针对在二维欧式空间中离散面目标的自然邻近关系查询问题。首先对离散面进行三角剖分,然后将代表相同邻近关系的三角形合并成一个union,进而建立面目标自然邻近关系表达结构-Unions Delaunay。通过与Unions Delaunay相结合建立空间索引结构-R-tree Gridfile来实现对空间目标自然邻居完备的候选集提取以及索引结构的更新。对比实验结果表明R-tree Gridfile索引结构能够有效支持空间目标的自然邻近关系查询。     

Synthetic information prediction system for crisis mine based on GIS

Reserves of some kinds of the crisis mines will be lack now or from now on, because of lacking seriously reserves of mineral resources and the crisis of exploring bases in support. So that it is urgent to predict, appraise, development and utilize the replaceable resources of the crisis mines. The mineral resources prediction software system of synthetic information is intelligent GIS which is used to quantitative prediction of large-scale synthetic information mineral target. It takes the geological body and the mineral resource body as a unit. And it analyzes the ore deposit genesis and metallotect, knows the spatial distribution laws of the ore deposit and ore body, and establish the prospecting model based on the concept of establishing the three-dimensional space of a mine. This paper will primarily discuss some important problems as follows: the secondary development of various kinds of data(including geology, geophysical prospecting, geochemical prospecting and remote sensing, etc); process synthetically and establish the synthetic information interpretative map base; correspond prospecting model with synthetic information of ore deposit; divided into statistical units of metallogenic information synthetic anomalies based on the synthetic information anomalies of ore control, then research the metallogenic information variable of unit synthetically and make quantitative prediction according to choose the quantitative prediction math model which is suitable to the demands of large-scale precision; at last, finish the target area optimization of ore deposit (body).     

音频大地电磁法与核磁共振法结合划分含水层的试验

为提高应用地球物理方法划分含水层的准确性,提出将音频大地电磁法与核磁共振法结合运用的综合方法。运用该方法在内蒙古巴彦宝力格盆地某区开展野外试验,并将试验结果与该区域供水水文地质详查报告中的水文地质剖面图进行了比对。结果表明：①试验区100 m深度范围内,该方法所揭示的含水层深度、厚度分布与水文地质剖面图基本一致;②据该方法,介质岩性为泥岩、粉质黏土、粉土、气孔状玄武岩和砂砾时,其衰减时间分别为≤30、30～60、60～120、120～260和260～600 ms,据此得到的介质岩性分布与水文地质剖面图高度吻合;③该方法得到的含水层含水量变化与水文地质剖面图的涌水量变化规律一致。因此,运用该方法划分含水层具有很强的可行性,在生产实践中具有推广价值。     

(斜长石 + 黑云母 + 石英 ) NaCl(NaHCO3) H2O 矿物蚀变与金矿化反应研究 : 450～ 250 ℃和 50 MPa

采用（斜长石＋黑云母＋石英）这三种单矿物组合与1mol/L NaCl或0．5mol/L NaCl 0.5mol/L NaHCO3溶液在450－250℃和50MPa条件下反应7d。实验表明,反应后流体pH值发生了变化,NaCl介质向酸性变化,N aCl NaHCO3介质向中性转化。溶液中K,Ca,Mg,Fe和Au量也随之发生变化。矿物表面发生溶解和离子置换等反应。斜长石表面形成钠长石反应边,黑云母变色,石英重结晶,反应器皿金管中的金被溶解后在金管壁和黑云母表面重结晶,黑云母周边出现红色Fe2O3,在450℃的NaCl介质中,金含量可达1070μg/g,但随温度下降迅速减低,在NaCl NaHCO3介质中,金含量较低,显著,金的活化迁移和富集与Cl,pH,Fe^3 /Fe^2 密切相关,这中金起到示踪作用,显示出金在水／岩反应中的原电池效应。