IMPROVEMENT ON COMPUTING THE HORIZONTAL PRESSURE GRADIENT FORCE IN THE REGCM2*

The technique on computing the horizontal pressure gradient force(PGF)in RegCM2 is improved with the error subtraction method.Moreover,the regional climate in June of 1991 in China is simulated by employing the RegCM2.Comparison with other schemes for computing the PGF shows that the error subtraction method can effectively reduce the error of the PGF,improve the simulation of winds and alleviate the spurious precipitation in steep topographic areas.Furthermore,the simulation of precipitation in other areas is in better accordance with the observation.     

二维海洋温盐环流碳循环模式

提供了由二维温盐环流动力学模式得到的定常流场驱动的海洋碳循环模式。在认为海洋生物碳循环达到动态平衡的情况下，着重研究了无机碳的循环。在给定的工业革命前的大气CO2浓度强迫下，对海洋碳循环模式积分5000年后，使其达到稳态。对于人为扰动，采用给定大气CO2浓度作为上边界条件，结果是，1980年至1989年海洋能吸收人为排放CO2的36%。通过使用CO2的工业排放源和大气及海洋的联合模式，得到1980至1989年的边际气留比为0.66。比较两种方法所得的结果，可推出在工业革命前存在着非工业源，即生物源；1940年以后，则还存在着一个未知的汇。     

上海利用含水层贮冷水和热水试验与应用效果

早在60年代末,上海利用地下含水层冬季贮存冷水,夏季抽用;夏季贮存热水,冬季抽用。不仅增加地下水的补给量,提高地下水位,控制地面沉降,而且为工业、民用提供了巨大的廉价的冷源和热源。本文介绍了上海地下含水层储能试验,在全市建立十四个储能试验场,布设储冷井25口,储热井9口,观测井58口。试验与工厂生产结合。经过多周期的灌采试验,建立了一整套的灌采条件下地下水动力模型、温度场模型、水质浓度弥散模型。     

灌采条件下含水层能量计算

本文介绍在向含水层中回灌(或回采)冷水与热水时,其冷量与热量简易计算方法,并用实例论证其可靠性与实用性。     

上海虹桥飞机场含水层储冷做空调冷源试验研究

上海虹桥飞机场“抽淡灌咸”的含水层储冷试验实例,为建筑物夏季空调降温提供冷源,为咸地下水淡化,开拓了新的途径。     

Recurrence method for calculation of atmospheric cooling rate due to infrared radiation

A computational method for the mean slab transmissivities of water vapour and CO2 and a recurrence me-thod for the atmospheric cooling rate due to infrared radiation are developed and discussed in some detail in this paper.At first the spectra of water vapour and CO2 are divided into 10 and 2 basic bands according to the experi-mental data; then an analytic and universal expression of the mean slab transmissivity in those bands is obtained and checked with the experimental data at 220o, 260o and 300oK. Results show that the computational method developed in this paper has quite good accuracy, and therefore it can be used in the GCMs for calculations of the atmospheric cooling rates.The recurrence method for calculations of the upward and the downward fluxes of infrared radiation is de-rived and checked. It is proved that the method has a similar accuracy as others, but saves a lot of computation time. At last a simplified method of the transmissivity calculation, i.e. the tabulation method, is developed and its accuracy is checked as well.     

边界单元法及其在位势问题近似解法中的应用

本文研究了边界单元法的理论及其在解位势问题中的应用。边界单元法从控制微分方程和边界条件出发,利用加权剩余法,建立积分方程,对边界进行剖分,得到在结点处位势所满足的线性代数方程组。 文中提出了二维位势问题的常数元和线性元解法。边界单元法降低了求解空间的维数,减少了离散线性方程组的阶数,输入数据比较少,而工作效率高。     

NUMERICAL EXPERIMENTS OF THE EFFECTS OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES OVER THE PACIFIC ON PRECIPITATION IN 1991

A zonal domain,primitive equation model is used in this paper to study the influences of the main sea surface tem-perature anomaly(SSTA)areas over the Pacific on precipitation in 1991.Some numerical experiments are made and themechanisms of the influences are discussed.The results show that the influences of the SSTA are mainly confined withinthe tropical and the subtropical regions.The direct effect of the SSTA is to change the exchanges of the sensible heat andthe water vapour between the air and the sea,through the consequent changes of temperature and the flow fields and thefeedback process of condensation,the SSTA finally affects precipitation.     

海洋表层流模式和月尺度海气耦合试验

本文第一部分设计了一个海洋表层流模式，较成功地模拟出冬夏季海表层中的大尺度洋流和海面高度第二部分是月时间尺度的海气耦合试验，将海表层洋流模式和球带范围的大气模式相耦合，用数值试验讨论了洋流和海气耦合方式对模拟结果的影响。