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Influencing factors for formation of urban and rural spatial structure in metropolis fringe area—Taking Shuangliu County of Chengdu in China as a case

With rapid urbanization process, the pace of urban sprawl has been quickened and most metropolises have experienced expansions in leaps and bounds in suburbanization, which has greatly changed the urban and rural spatial structure of the metropolis fringe area. In this paper, Shuangliu County is taken as a case, since it is a typical fringe area of Chengdu Metropolis. Based on Landsat TM images of Chengdu City and Shuangliu County obtained in 1985, 2000 and 2004, characteristics of urban and rural spatial structure in Shuangliu County were analyzed, such as core-periphery spatial structure and some obvious integration trends. Then the influencing factors for the formation of urban and rural spatial structure were identified, including some natural, social, economic and political factors. According to the discussion of this paper, Shuangliu County is undergoing a key transition and reform period. Its formation of urban and rural spatial structure was affected not only by such common factors as the location, natural background, industrial transition, migration, etc., but also by some unique factors such as city planning and policy guidance, which played an important role in accelerating its uneven spatial structure. The understanding of the role of the influencing factors would be useful for carrying out spatial management and development planning of metropolis fringe area.     

菏泽市土地利用存在的问题及潜力分析

1土地利用特点 泽市土地总面积121.94万hm2,已利用土地115.28万hm2,土地利用率为94.54%,农用土地97.99万hm2,占土地总面积的80.36%,其中耕地83.30万hm2,占土地总面积的.68.26%,园地1.22万hm2,占土地总面积的1.00%,林地6.38万hm2,占土地总面积的5.22%;其他农用地7.24万hm2,占土地总面积的5.88%;建设用地18.93万hm2,占土地总面积的15.52%;未利用土地5.35万hm2,占土地总面积的4.12%.     

以地壳运动整体观进行地震综合预测

“中国科学界应以地壳运动整体观和地震预测整体观进行地震综合监测与综合预测,走出中国地震预测预防自己的路子”。5月30日,在中国地质大学（北京）交流中心,地学哲学委员会发起的“汶川大地震给我们的启示”座谈会上,专家们的讨论异常热烈。     

淹没不整合型层序——一种特殊的加深淹没

淹没不整合型层序以其凝缩层直接覆盖于层序界面上,即凝缩层+高水位体系域层序类型为特征,以不含有任何暴露证据而区别于层序地层学定义的Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型层序界面,成为碳酸盐地层层序中的一种特殊类型的三级旋回层序界面。以淹没不整合型层序的特征描述、鉴别方法和实例分析阐述了淹没不整合是一种旋回层序的特殊类型即加深淹没型层序界面。这种淹没不整合型层序在油气运移方面起着重要作用。     

国际标准电子海图显示平台的研制

随着我国数字海图产品不断的生产完善,研制自主知识产权的“电子海图显示与信息系统（ECDIS）”逐渐成为工作的重心,而这项任务的核心是符合S-57数据传输标准及S-52电子海图模式的显示平台的研制,以此为基础才能研制出我国自主知识产权的ECDIS。在研究电子海图国际标准化的基础上,通过大量的技术实践,实现了自主知识产权的国际标准电子海图显示平台,为我国建立自主知识产权的ECDIS打下了坚实的基础。     

渤海海域油气勘探进展与前景展望

通过回顾我国渤海海域近50年的勘探历程,分析了油气发现的特点,指出从下第三系到上第三系勘探思路的转变是导致发现系列亿吨级大油气田的关键。迄今为止的重大发现主要分布于环渤中凹陷油气富集圈和沿岸两大地区。认为在有据可查的历史上,渤海海域发生过7级以上大地震的周围地区均发现有大油气田,因此将是发现油气田的有利地区。根据全国3轮油气资源评价数据,我国在渤海海域的油气勘探尚大有可为,重要的是要求较高的科技研究水平和更大的投入力度,渤海深浅层次资源潜力将获得更进一步的发掘。认为在50余年的勘探历程中,我3大国有石油公司及全国相关科技工作者均做出过重大贡献。     

波浪作用下孔隙海床-管线动力相互作用分析

波浪作用下海床中的孔隙水压力与有效应力是影响海底管线稳定性的主要因素。然而,在目前的海床响应分析中一般将管线假定为刚性,并不能合理地考虑海床与管线之间的相互作用效应,同时也没有考虑土体和管线加速度对海床动力响应的惯性影响,从而无法确定由此所引起的管线内应力。为此考虑管线的柔性,分别采用饱和孔隙介质的Biot动力固结理论和弹性动力学理论列出了海床与管线的控制方程,进而采用摩擦接触理论考虑海床与管线之间的相互作用效应,基于有限元方法建立了海床-管线相互作用的计算模型及其数值算法。通过变动参数对比计算讨论了管线几何尺寸、海床土性参数对波浪所引起的管线周围海床孔隙水压力和管线内应力的影响。     

Understanding the dynamical-microphysical-electrical processes associated with severe thunderstorms over the Beijing metropolitan region

The Dynamical-microphysical-electrical Processes in Severe Thunderstorms and Lightning Hazards(STORM973)project conducted coordinated comprehensive field observations of thunderstorms in the Beijing metropolitan region(BMR)during the warm season from 2014 to 2018.The aim of the project was to understand how dynamical,microphysical and electrical processes interact in severe thunderstorms in the BMR,and how to assimilate lightning data in numerical weather prediction models to improve severe thunderstorm forecasts.The platforms used in the field campaign included the Beijing Lightning Network(BLNET,consisting of 16 stations),2 X-band dual linear polarimetric Doppler radars,and 4 laser raindrop spectrometers.The collaboration also made use of the China Meteorological Administration’s mesoscale meteorological observation network in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Although diverse thunderstorm types were documented,it was found that squall lines and multicell storms were the two major categories of severe thunderstorms with frequent lightning activity and extreme rainfall or unexpected local short-duration heavy rainfall resulting in inundations in the central urban area,influenced by the terrain and environmental conditions.The flash density maximums were found in eastern Changping District,central and eastern Shunyi District,and the central urban area of Beijing,suggesting that the urban heat island effect has a crucial role in the intensification of thunderstorms over Beijing.In addition,the flash rate associated with super thunderstorms can reach hundreds of flashes per minute in the central city regions.The super(5%of the total),strong(35%),and weak(60%)thunderstorms contributed about 37%,56%,and 7%to the total flashes in the BMR,respectively.Owing to the close connection between lightning activity and the thermodynamic and microphysical characteristics of the thunderstorms,the lightning flash rate can be used as an indicator of severe weather events,such as hail and short-duration heavy rainfall.Lightning data can also be assimilated into numerical weather prediction models to help improve the forecasting of severe convection and precipitation at the cloud-resolved scale,through adjusting or correcting the thermodynamic and microphysical parameters of the model.     

城市居民中暑流行病学特征及其与气象因子的关系

利用武汉市1994～2000、2002～2005年共11年1 231个中暑病例资料和逐日相关气象资料,采取有关统计学方法,对该市居民中暑流行病学特征及其与气象因子的关系进行了分析。结果表明,一年之中,中暑主要发生在6～9月,以7月中、下旬和8月上旬中暑患者最多;一天之中,中暑主要发生在09～20时,10～11时、14～15时为中暑发生高峰期;当气温在34.5～36.5℃、相对湿度在55%～60%之间时,中暑患者相对集中。