Study on the Algorithm to Retrieve Precipitation with X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar

In order to obtain the global precipitation distribution data,this paper investigates the precipitation distribution model,the normalized radar cross-section model,and the retrieval algorithm with X-band synthetic aperture radar (X-SAR).A new retrieval algorithm based on the surface-scattering reference attenuation is developed to retrieve the rain rate above the ground surface.This new algorithm needs no statistical work load and has more extensive applications.Calculations using the new algorithm for thre...     

高速铁路精密投影变形模型研究

通过对工程控制网投影变形方法的研究,得出了构造工程椭球与坐标换算的三种计算模型,最后通过对实际数据的计算与分析,总结出构造高速铁路工程椭球的最优方法,从而保证了既有投影面与工程椭球面的最佳吻合。     

北京平原区新构造运动研究

本文选取北京平原区3条重要的控盆活动断裂,北西向的南口—孙河断裂,北东向黄庄—高丽营断裂和顺义断裂,对其第四纪以来的活动性进行深入研究。研究表明,目标断裂活动性第四纪以来均表现为较强—弱—强—较强的特点。在此基础上,对各条断裂活动性的共性特征进行总结,并以此表征本区新构造运动的特点。本区新生界以来构造运动显著,古近纪时期,北京平原形成"两隆一凹"的构造格局;新近纪时期,该构造格局解体,北京冲积平原初步形成;第四纪以来,新构造运动继承性发展,形成多个第四纪断陷盆地,诠释了构造与建造之间的密切关系。同时,对北京地区构造-气候耦合关系进行深入探讨,明确了构造-气候旋回具有0.4Ma的周期性,中更新世以后,0.1Ma的准周期开始成为主导周期的特点。该特点与青藏高原地区及中国大陆东部的新构造运动,具有较好的对应关系。     

Analysis of the influencing factors on CO2 emissions at different urbanization levels: regional difference in China based on panel estimation

Natural Hazards - A large amount of carbon dioxide emissions have drawn more and more attention recently. Existing regional research is mainly based on the classification of geographical location,...     

随机岩溶介质的电阻率正演模拟

受岩溶发育的影响,岩溶地区电阻率分布具有很大的不确定性。采用传统的正演方法在一定程度上不能满足岩溶探测的需要。为了更真实地反映岩溶介质的电性特点,本文提出了一种根据随机过程的谱分解理论来构造随机介质模型的方法,并以此建立了岩溶地区随机地电模型。对理论和实测地电模型的正演计算表明,随机介质能更有效模拟实际地电结构,正演结果更接近实测的异常形态。因此,岩溶地区的电阻率正演模拟计算采用随机介质模型是十分有必要的,一方面有助于对异常的认识,另一方面,随机介质模型可以更好地模拟岩溶地区的地电模型。      

苏北杨树主要虫害与气象条件的相关分析

通过对1986~2001年苏北杨树主要虫害调查资料和1996~2001年在宿迁5县(区)试验资料的研究,分析了温度、湿度、降水、日照等气象要素对杨扇舟蛾、杨小舟蛾、杨二尾蛾、桑天牛、草履蚧、溃疡病等杨树主要病虫害的不同发育阶段的影响和两者之间的相关关系;探讨了温湿度综合指数K对杨舟蛾类害虫羽化开始期的指示意义;建立了草履蚧危害损失的气象要素估算方法。为杨树虫害的预报和防治提供有益帮助。     

三维激光扫描点密度不均匀性对地形建模精度的影响研究

三维激光扫描技术获取的扫描点由于密度的不均匀性可能导致所建立的模型不能准确地反映实体的形态变化。本文通过建立严格的数学曲面模型,由曲面模型生成原始采样数据,在生成的原始数据上进行重采样作为实验数据,通过Delaunay三角形建立格网模型,定量分析密度对建模精度的影响。     

地质灾害监测中的SAR变形观测、解译与数据同化研究

正以时间序列InSAR技术为代表的雷达对地观测技术可实现高精度的变形提取,为成灾前岩土体的变形监测提供了更先进的技术手段。而在地质灾害易发的城郊低相干地区,通常缺少易于识别的人工地物,且受植被去相干的影响,难以开展时间序列InSAR分析。因此,如何实现时间序列InSAR技术在低相干地区的变形监测,仍是该技术的研究热点之一。同时,在地震、滑坡等地质灾害引起的剧烈变形区,受InSAR技术形变监测梯度的限制,     

Reservoir Characteristics of Fine-grained Sedimentary Rocks in Saline Lakes in the Cenozoic Upper Ganchaigou Formation, Southwestern Qaidam Basin, NW China

Cenozoic fine-grained sedimentary rocks in the southwestern Qaidam Basin, as typical salinized lacustrine sediments, are significantly different from those in other freshwater lakes under the impact of the high salinity in the lake. Many fine-grained sedimentary rock samples were selected from the lower member of Neogene (N1) in the Gaskule Oilfield, Qaidam Basin, northwest China, with the aim to analyze and test their petrology, pore structure, and organic geochemical characteristics and determine its genesis and geological significance. Based on previous results, a new genesis of mixed sedimentary rocks is proposed. The Cenozoic lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary rocks in SW Qaidam Basin belong to mixed sedimentary rocks, which can be divided into three types, including carbonate and terrigenous clastic-bearing mudstone, carbonate-bearing to terrigenous clastic mixed sedimentary rocks, and carbonate-terrigenous clastic mixed sedimentary rocks. The geneses of mixing are quite different from that of mixed marine rocks. According to the sedimentary characteristics of the salinized lakes, three new geneses of mixed deposits are proposed: syn-sedimentary mixing, varve interbedded mixing, and biogenic mixing. The reservoir spaces of the Cenozoic lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary rocks in SW Qaidam Basin include residual intergranular pores, intercrystalline pores, microfractures, and minor dissolved pores. The reservoirs have super-low porosity and ultra-low permeability, with a porosity of 1.82%–21.04%, averaging 7.71%, and permeability of (0.0028–254.86) × 10?3 μm2, averaging 2.82 × 10?3 μm2. The test results of total organic carbon (TOC) content show that the highest content of organic carbon reached 1.41%, and those of vitrinite reflectance show that Ro ranges from 0.525%–0.824%, with an average of 0.806%. The organic geochemical characteristics show that the fine-grained mixed sedimentary rocks of SW Qaidam Basin have the potential for self-generation and self-storage. As an unconventional reservoir, it has potential industrial value. This is the first study of fine-grained sedimentary rocks in the Qaidam Basin, which offers certain theoretical and practical values.     

河北太行山南段符山杂岩体岩浆作用深部过程及其大地构造意义

华北克拉通中生代岩石圈减薄过程中,其深部复杂的壳-幔岩浆过程及深部岩浆房系统研究薄弱,岩石圈减薄过程的浅部响应也存在较大争议。本文以华北克拉通中部的邯邢地区符山杂岩体为研究对象,通过详细的野外地质调查、岩相学观察、岩石地球化学分析、锆石年代学和矿物电子探针分析等研究多重岩浆房系统、岩浆深部作用过程和浅部响应。锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,符山早期岩套中细粒二长岩的年龄为129 Ma,晚期似斑状岩套的斑状角闪二长岩的年龄为122 Ma。岩相学观察及背散射电子(back scatter electron,BSE)图像显示,符山杂岩体的角闪石和斜长石均具有复杂的环带结构,并通过对它们的晶体生长过程分析和环带成因讨论,表明其具有复杂的生长环境和过程。符山杂岩体的高镁、高钾、高Sr 等地球化学特征和角闪石、斜长石的环带成因证明了深部岩浆在幔源流体的活化作用下发生了强烈的岩浆混合作用和多重岩浆房过程。符山杂岩体早期岩套侵入岩定位深度为7 km,晚期岩套侵入岩定位深度为1.5 km,表明在7 Ma内地壳隆升了5.5 km。符山杂岩体中大部分侵入岩具高Sr、低Y及δEu正异常等地球化学特征,表明它们可能形成于加厚陆壳的部分熔融。这些特征表明晚中生代中国东部高原的存在。