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151.
pCO2 and carbon fluxes across sea-air interface in the Changjiang Estuary and Hangzhou Bay 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Partial pressure of CO2(pCO2) was investigated in the Changjiang(Yangtze River) Estuary,Hangzhou Bay and their adjacent areas during a cruise in August 2004,China.The data show that pCO2 in surface waters of the studied area was higher than that in the atmosphere with only exception of a patch east of Zhoushan Archipelago.The pCO2 varied from 168 to 2 264 μatm,which fell in the low range compared with those of other estuaries in the world.The calculated sea-air CO2 fluxes decreased offshore and varied from -10.0 to 88.1 mmol m-2 d-1 in average of 24.4 ± 16.5 mmol m-2 d-1.Although the area studied was estimated only 2 × 104 km2,it emitted(5.9 ± 4.0) × 103 tons of carbon to the atmosphere every day.The estuaries and their plumes must be further studied for better understanding the role of coastal seas playing in the global oceanic carbon cycle. 相似文献
152.
Effects of water temperature (17, 21, 25, 30 and 35℃) and body size (14.75-281.41 g initial body weight) on food consumption, growth, feed conversion, and dry matter content in orange-spotted grouper fed to satiation were investigated. The combined effect of temperature (T, ℃) and body weight (W, g) on maximum food consumption (Cmax, g/day) was described as: InCmax=-7.411+0.828 InW+0.317T4).004 7T2, and the optimum feeding temperature was 33.9℃. The combined effect of temperature and body weight on growth (G) was described as: lnG=-4.461-0.2081nW+0.394T-0.006 3T^2. The optimum growth temperature was 31.4℃, whereas overall growth rates were high at 25, 30 and 35 ℃. Feed conversion efficiencies (FCE, %), increasing first and then decreasing with increasing temperature, averaged from 1.8 to 2.1 in terms of dry weight of food fish. The optimum temperature for FCE tended to be lower than that for growth or feeding. Dry matter content increased with both increasing water temperature (17, 25, 30 and 35℃) and body weight, and the combined effect of temperature and body weight on dry matter content (DM, %) was described as: lnDM =3.232+0.01 4 lnW-0.004 4T+0.001 2TInW. 相似文献
153.
基于IMAGIS的3维数字校园的设计与实现 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
作为数字城市建设的一个层面,数字校园的建设必将推动数字城市的建设,为整个数字城市的信息数字化打下良好的根基.本文基于3维可视地理信息系统软件IMAGIS,实现了数字校园的3维建模及虚拟漫游,并就有关技术问题进行了详细讨论. 相似文献
154.
基于POI数据的长沙市生活性服务业空间格局研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
生活性服务业是服务经济的重要组成部分,其合理布局对发展城市经济、满足居民消费需求具有重要作用。基于长沙市六区POI数据,运用核密度分析、熵指数、频数密度分析及空间聚类等方法研究长沙市生活性服务业的空间格局特征,发现长沙市生活性服务业的分布具有以下特点:1)主要受交通及城市规划指向性影响,沿交通主干道集聚分布,整体布局呈“一核四轴多极”且空间分布与人口集中度联系紧密,东西差异明显,东部多而密集、西部少而分散;2)不同类型的生活性服务业分布特征各异,在空间形态上主要表现为“单核心”、“双核心”和“多核心”等;3)其功能多样性布局呈现以五一广场为核心的“中心-外围”结构特征,功能多样且混合程度高的区域位于城市中心,城市边缘区生活性服务业集聚性较弱且多为单一功能或者双功能混合区。 相似文献
155.
水库库岸失稳对水库安全运行有重大影响。采用土工试验和干湿循环试验,结合数值计算及理论分析,研究红土型库岸边坡倾角和库水位升降与库岸稳定性的关系。结果表明:(1)在一定初始干密度条件下,红土抗剪强度随水位升降循环次数增加而非线性减小,且在水位升降循环约10次时趋于稳定。(2)在一定水位升降速率、升降幅度和升降循环次数条件下,红土型库岸稳定安全系数随库岸边坡倾角的增加总体上呈减小的趋势,且在边坡倾角为50°左右存在稳定安全系数极小值。(3)在一定水位升降循环次数条件下,水位上升到坡高的60%左右为上升阶段的相对危险区域,且水位上升速率对库岸稳定安全系数影响很小;水位下降至坡高的70%左右为库水位下降阶段的相对危险区域,且水位下降速率越大,库岸稳定安全系数越小。(4)针对一定初始干密度,库岸稳定安全系数先随水位升降循环次数的增加而减小,但在水位升降循环次数约10次后逐渐趋于稳定。库岸岩土体性质及库岸边坡倾角、水位变化都会对库岸稳定产生影响。 相似文献
156.
The sea area east of Chenshan Cape has peak tidal current flows that exceed 2.3 m s-1, which make it a promising site for the development of tidal current energy. Before these resources can be exploited, a comprehensive assessment is needed of the potential environmental impacts of the extraction of this energy. In this paper, we describe our construction of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the waters near Chengshan Cape, and verify the performance of the model using continuous data measured in situ. We modeled the potential impacts of the exploitation of these resources on the flow field by adding a momentum loss term in the governing equation of the model. Simulation results show that an assumed tidal farm with an estimated power output of 20.34 MW would have a significant impact on the surrounding water level, especially next to the farm, where fluctuation could reach 6 cm. The maximum drop in the flow velocity in the wake of the farm was predicted to be more than 0.8 m s-1, and this influence would extend 10 km downstream. 相似文献
157.
MA Lu ZHAO Lin TIAN Li-ming YUAN Li-ming XIAO Yao ZHANG Le-le ZOU De-fu QIAO Yong-ping 《山地科学学报》2019,(7)
The availability of high-resolution satellite precipitation measurement products provides an opportunity to monitor precipitation over large and complex terrain and thus accurately evaluate the climatic, hydrological and ecological conditions in those regions. The Global Precipitation Measurement(GPM) mission is an important new program designed for global satellite precipitation estimation, but little information has been reported on the applicability of the GPM’s products for the Tibetan Plateau(TP). The object of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of the Integrated Multi-Satellite Retrievals for GPM(IMERG) Final Run product under different terrain and climate conditions over the TP by using 78 ground gauges from April 2014 to December 2017. The results showed the following:(1) the 3-year average daily precipitation estimation in the IMERG agrees well with the rain gauge observations(R~2=0.58, P0.01), and IMERG also has a considerable ability to detect precipitation, as indicated by a high probability of detection(78%-98%) and critical success index(65%-85%);(2) IMERG performed better at altitudes from 3000 m to 4000 m with a small relative bias(RB) of 6.4%. Precipitation change was not significantly affected by local relief;(3) the climate system of the TP was divided into four climate groups with a total of 12 climate types based on the K?ppen climate classification system, and IMERG performed well in all climate types with the exception of the arid-desert-cold climate(Bwk) type. Furthermore, although IMERG showed the potential to detect snowfall, it still exhibits deficiencies in identifying light and moderate snow. These results indicate that IMERG could provide more accurate precipitation data if its retrieval algorithm was improved for complex terrain and arid regions. 相似文献
158.
159.
2016年6月,江苏某异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)养殖场暴发一种传染性急性出血病,造成养殖银鲫大量死亡。为分析此次疾病病因及流行规律,本研究从发病养殖场采集患出血病的异育银鲫,从细菌、病毒及寄生虫三个方面对病原进行了分析。采用病原菌分离、组织病理学观察、超薄切片电镜观察、病毒核酸分析、回感实验等对病原进行鉴定。结果显示从发病鲫鱼体内分离到病毒一株,未发现寄生虫及细菌感染。经测序及序列分析,该病毒为鲤疱疹病毒Ⅱ型(Cyprinid herpesvirus2,CyHV-2)病毒,组织病理学观察结果显示患病鱼的鳃和肾脏有明显病变,电镜下可观察到病鱼脾脏组织有带囊膜的球形病毒,囊膜直径约为170—200nm,病毒衣壳直径约为110—120nm,核心直径约为60nm,用组织匀浆感染鲫鱼囊胚细胞系(CGB)可稳定地观察到典型的细胞病变,用患病鱼组织匀浆液人工感染异育银鲫的死亡率高达100%,荧光定量PCR检测到该病毒可感染多器官,其中以脾脏中病毒含量最高,其次是脑,肝脏中最少。本研究可为CyHV-2的诊断防控及疫苗研制提供资料。 相似文献
160.
为评估DTU10、TPXO8、GOT00.2和NAO.99b 4个全球大洋潮汐模式对北印度洋潮汐的预报能力,采用英国海洋资料中心提供的海区中部和沿岸站潮汐调和常数资料,检验了这些模式4个主要分潮(M_2、S_2、K_1、O_1)的准确度。它们的各分潮调和常数资料准确度都比较高,振幅绝均差的最大值仅5.61 cm,迟角绝均差的最大值仅9.13°。这些模式的调和常数给出潮波传播特征差别不大。基于这些模式提供的调和常数,分别建立了北印度洋4、8和16分潮潮汐预报模型,将预报结果与中国海事服务网提供的沿岸24个站潮汐表资料进行对比。各模式的8分潮(M_2、S_2、N_2、K_2、K_1、O_1、P_1、Q_1)潮汐预报模型均优于4分潮(M_2、S_2、K_1、O_1)潮汐预报模型,NAO.99b模式可以提供16分潮(M_2、S_2、N_2、K_2、K_1、O_1、P_1、Q_1、MU_2、NU_2、T_2、L_2、2N_2、J_1、M1、OO_1)潮汐预报模型,但是对预报结果改善不明显;在各模式中,GOT00.2模式的8分潮潮汐预报模型对北印度洋沿岸的预报效果最好,平均绝均差为14.97 cm。 相似文献