有限区域卫星云图资料变分分析的试验研究

资料分析在数值预报中的重要性受到越来越多的关注，星目前常规探测网的时空局限性，利用分辨率较高的非常规资料势在必行。该文利用一个有限区域中尺度模式ＭＭ４，采用变分分析技术对有限区域的常规探空资料和非常规云图资料进行变分分析和数值模拟。     

塔里木北部地区岩石物性参数测试和区域层滑系统的确定

为了定量地研究塔里木北部地区区域的层次结构．拆离构造，特别是同油气地质、圈闭构造密切相关的沉积盖层中的层滑倾滑和推覆滑覆等各种构造的形成机制，对该区沉积盖层进行了较系统的岩石物性和岩石力学标本采集和测试（包括三轴参照实验）．依其参数结构特点和地质、物探资料，划分出４套７层区域性层滑系统，并与研究程度较高的中、下扬子区的物性参数、岩性组合和构造特征进行综合对比．最后还进一步阐明了塔里木北部地区特征的前列式冲断构造和含油气局部构造等，均受到这７层区域层滑系统的制约．     

地震数据数字化及实时传输

简要地介绍了地震数据国际交换试验系统和台站地震数据实时采集传输系统的组成、各部分的特性与功能、地震数据数字化及实时传输过程。     

频谱特性优良的高阶标定脉冲

通过理论分析研究和计算机搜寻得到几种频谱特性优良的高价标定脉冲波形，将其与我国台网广泛使用的阶跃脉冲相比较，可大幅度提高通带短周期段的标定精度，与国外使用的平衡二阶或三阶脉冲比较，具有响主尖波形特征，既可提高通带短周期段标定精度，又不降低通带长周期段精度，此外，具有生成较容易，技术难度适中，便于推广使用等特点。     

The structure of low frequency phenomena in the tropics and its interaction with the extratropics

The structure of planetary scale low frequency phenomena in the tropics is studied, and an attempt is made to de-termine its influence and interactions with phenomena at higher latitudes.In the tropics, it is found that the majority of the variance in the zonal wind structure is made up in wave num-bers 1 and 2. During warm events in the Pacific Ocean, when the Southern Oscillation Index is negative, almost all of the variance resides in the gravest mode which undergoes a 40o eastward phase shift. Meanwhile, the second logitudinal mode almost disappears. On the other hand, the meridional wind field possesses maximum amplitude at higher wave numbers. However, near the equator, the amplitude is small with extreme values occurring in the subtropics. The difference in scale and the location of extrema of the meridional and zonal wind components indicate that the tropical atmosphere is responding to two different driving mechanisms,Correlation analyses between variations of the zonal wind at reference points along the equator with variations of component elsewhere show that there are strong logitudinal connections. The strongest correlations between the tropics and higher latitudes exist in the region of the equatorial westerlies. In fact, stronger correlations occur between variations in U anywhere along the equator and the middle latitudes to the north and south of the equatorial wester-lies than to the latitudes immediately to the north and south of the reference points. We interpret this “remote” corre-lation pattern as indicating a two-stage teleconnection process which emphasizes the importance of the equatorial tropical westerlies of the Pacific Ocean as a “corridor” of communication between the low and high latitudes. The regionality of the correlations confirms, to some extent, recent theoretical development regarding trapped equatorial modes. Finally, time lagged correlations from plus and minus six months between variations of U and OLR indicate that the interactions between the extratropics and low latitudes possess an organized sequence. The extratropical in-fluence appears to propagate into the tropics followed by an eastward propagation along the equator. Finally, a propagation from the tropics to the extratropics in the upper troposphere occurs in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The time-lagged correlation sequence does not appear to be symmetric about the equator.     

声波在两种多孔介质界面上的反射和透射

本文导出了声波在两种多孔介质界面上反射、透射的一般计算公式.作为例子,数值计算了P₁波入射于界面时,P₁、P₂和S波的反射、透射系数与声波频率、入射角等量之间的关系.结果表明,各种模式波的反射、透射系数与入射角、多孔介质性质有关,在Biot特征频率附近与频率有关,并用界面两侧的法向能流相等验证了结果的正确性.若把多孔介质当作均匀固体处理,将会得到显著不同的结果.     

Longitudinal heating gradient: Another possible factor influencing the intensity of the Asian summer monsoon circulation

The Largest longitudinal heating gradients in the tropics exist between the African desert and Asian convective regions during summer once the South Asian monsoon is established. The heating gradients are anchored by the la-tent heat release and net radiative flux convergence over the monsoon region, and by the dominant net radiative flux divergence over the desert.An apparent relationship is found between the intensity of the Asian summer monsoon circulation and the longitudinal healing gradients mentioned, in addition to the latitudinal heating gradients cross the monsoon region. The monsoon circulation measured in terms of the zonal wind component is stronger when the longitudinal heating gradients are large, and vice versa. Thus, we claim that the longitudinal heating gradient may be another important factor which influences the intensity of the Asian summer monsoon circulation. There is little evidence that the interannual variability of the longitudinal heating gradients between Africa and Asia and, thus, the intensity of the Asian summer monsoon circulation, is a strong function of the El Nino / Southern Oscillation cycle.     

1991年7月云南施甸5.0,5.2级地震的预报与对策

1991年7月1日、22日在云南省施甸太平乡先后发生了5.0、5.2级两次中强地震。保山行署地震局曾在震前作出了正确的中、短期预报和震后作了无震预报。本文客观地提供了这次地震前后预报的科学依据、中短期自适应加权定量综合判定模式实际计算结果及一系列对策的实况;同时讨论了孕震区内短临阶段前兆变化的异常特征。     

岩石化探样中微量铀 钍的XRFA法测定

本文提出以粉末样品直接压饼法测定岩石化探样品中的微量U,Th,其方法简便、快速,适用于各类地质样品,尤其是岩石化探样品测量。